fix(javascript): scope this emitters to the receiver that binds them

Every `this.on/emit/off` receiver had the same complete emitter key "this", so same-named events in unrelated classes joined one resolved event node. A new receiver owner scopes `this` to its binder: a class member's local class hierarchy (instance or static side), an object literal's methods, an ordinary function, or the program. Arrow functions and computed member keys keep the enclosing receiver. A hierarchy with several local classes, or an ambiguous base, joins its operations only as candidates (partial), so base and subclass registrations stay connected without claiming one exact emitter. Fixes #3360 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
fix(reference): select a package main before its directory index (#3844 )
2026-10-15 05:15:10 +00:00 · 2026-10-14 22:02:45 -07:00 · 2026-10-14 21:44:14 -07:00 · 2026-10-14 21:39:39 -07:00 · 2026-10-14 21:39:26 -07:00 · 2026-10-14 21:37:52 -07:00
211 changed files with 10021 additions and 1195 deletions
@@ -934,7 +934,7 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
            String value = decompiledText(decompile(function));
            JsonObject result = functionObservation(
                value == null ? JsonNull.INSTANCE : GSON.toJsonTree(value),
-                noReturnCallLimitations(
+                functionBoundaryLimitations(
                    function,
                    currentProgram.getListing().getInstructions(function.getBody(), true)
                )
@@ -1027,7 +1027,7 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
        InstructionScan scan = scanInstructions(function, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        return functionObservation(
            GSON.toJsonTree(renderAssembly(scan.instructions)),
-            noReturnCallLimitations(function, scan.instructions)
+            functionBoundaryLimitations(function, scan.instructions)
        );
    }

@@ -1046,7 +1046,7 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
        limitations.add(
            "The fast path does not invoke the decompiler or scan whole-program names and strings."
        );
-        List<String> boundaryLimitations = noReturnCallLimitations(function, scan.instructions);
+        List<String> boundaryLimitations = functionBoundaryLimitations(function, scan.instructions);
        for (String limitation : boundaryLimitations) limitations.add(limitation);
        JsonObject result = new JsonObject();
        result.add("procedure", procedureIdentity(function));
@@ -1069,7 +1069,7 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
            result.add(canonicalAddress(item.getEntryPoint()));
        }
        if (callers) {
-            JsonObject observation = functionObservation(result, noReturnCallLimitations(function,
+            JsonObject observation = functionObservation(result, functionBoundaryLimitations(function,
                currentProgram.getListing().getInstructions(function.getBody(), true)
            ));
            observation.add("relationship_coverage", callRelationshipCoverage(null,
@@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
        result.add("classification", functionClassification(function));
        return functionObservation(
            result,
-            noReturnCallLimitations(
+            functionBoundaryLimitations(
                function,
                currentProgram.getListing().getInstructions(function.getBody(), true)
            )
@@ -1131,12 +1131,22 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
        result.addProperty("direction", direction);
        result.add("references", edges);
        result.addProperty("reference_kinds_available", true);
-        JsonArray unresolvedCalls = direction.equals("outgoing")
-            ? callBoundaryObservation(
+        List<String> limitations;
+        JsonArray unresolvedCalls = new JsonArray();
+        if (direction.equals("outgoing")) {
+            CallBoundaryObservation calls = callBoundaryObservation(
                function, currentProgram.getListing().getInstructions(function.getBody(), true), null, true, references
-            ).unresolvedCalls() : new JsonArray();
+            );
+            unresolvedCalls = calls.unresolvedCalls();
+            limitations = calls.limitations();
+        } else {
+            limitations = functionBoundaryLimitations(
+                function,
+                currentProgram.getListing().getInstructions(function.getBody(), true)
+            );
+        }
        result.add("unresolved_calls", unresolvedCalls);
-        return result;
+        return functionObservation(result, limitations);
    }

    private JsonObject inspectNativeDataType(JsonObject params) throws Exception {
@@ -1337,12 +1347,7 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
        result.add("references", references);
        if (includeIncoming) {
            TreeMap<String, Reference> incoming = new TreeMap<>();
-            ReferenceIterator incomingIterator = currentProgram.getReferenceManager().getReferencesTo(address);
-            while (incomingIterator.hasNext()) {
-                monitor.checkCancelled();
-                Reference reference = incomingIterator.next();
-                if (!reference.isEntryPointReference()) addReference(incoming, reference);
-            }
+            visitObservedReferencesTo(address, reference -> addReference(incoming, reference));
            List<Reference> orderedIncoming = new ArrayList<>(incoming.values());
            orderedIncoming.sort(REFERENCE_ORDER);
            JsonArray incomingReferences = new JsonArray();
@@ -1394,16 +1399,8 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
        requireKeys(params, Set.of("document", "address"));
        requireDocument(params);
        Address address = requireAddress(params, "address");
-        ReferenceIterator references = currentProgram.getReferenceManager().getReferencesTo(address);
        Set<Address> sources = new HashSet<>();
-        while (references.hasNext()) {
-            monitor.checkCancelled();
-            Reference reference = references.next();
-            if (reference.isEntryPointReference()) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            sources.add(reference.getFromAddress());
-            }
+        visitObservedReferencesTo(address, reference -> sources.add(reference.getFromAddress()));
        List<Address> ordered = new ArrayList<>(sources);
        ordered.sort(Address::compareTo);
        JsonArray result = new JsonArray();
@@ -3431,51 +3428,27 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
        return omitted[0];
    }

-    private List<String> noReturnCallLimitations(
+    private List<String> functionBoundaryLimitations(
            Function function, Iterable<Instruction> instructions)
            throws Exception {
-        List<String> limitations = new ArrayList<>();
-        Instruction beforePrevious = null;
-        Instruction previous = null;
-        for (Instruction instruction : instructions) {
-            monitor.checkCancelled();
-            String limitation = terminalCallLimitation(instruction);
-            if (limitation != null) limitations.add(limitation);
-            if (beforePrevious != null && previous != null) {
-                String seh = borlandSehHandlerLimitation(
-                    function, beforePrevious, previous, instruction);
-                if (seh != null) limitations.add(seh);
-            }
-            beforePrevious = previous;
-            previous = instruction;
-        }
-        return limitations;
+        FunctionBoundaryLimitations boundary = new FunctionBoundaryLimitations(function);
+        for (Instruction instruction : instructions) boundary.observe(instruction);
+        return boundary.values();
    }

    private CallBoundaryObservation callBoundaryObservation(
            Function function, Iterable<Instruction> instructions, Set<Function> returnedCallees,
            boolean includeUnresolvedSites, List<Reference> observedReferences)
            throws Exception {
-        List<String> limitations = new ArrayList<>();
+        FunctionBoundaryLimitations boundary = new FunctionBoundaryLimitations(function);
        CallBoundaryReferences calls = new CallBoundaryReferences(returnedCallees, includeUnresolvedSites);
-        Instruction beforePrevious = null;
-        Instruction previous = null;
        if (observedReferences == null) visitReferences(function, "outgoing", calls::observe);
        else for (Reference reference : observedReferences) {
            monitor.checkCancelled();
            calls.observe(reference);
        }
        for (Instruction instruction : instructions) {
-            monitor.checkCancelled();
-            String limitation = terminalCallLimitation(instruction);
-            if (limitation != null) limitations.add(limitation);
-            if (beforePrevious != null && previous != null) {
-                String seh = borlandSehHandlerLimitation(
-                    function, beforePrevious, previous, instruction);
-                if (seh != null) limitations.add(seh);
-            }
-            beforePrevious = previous;
-            previous = instruction;
+            boundary.observe(instruction);
            if (!instruction.getFlowType().isCall()) continue;
            boolean destination = false;
            for (Reference reference : instruction.getReferencesFrom()) {
@@ -3489,10 +3462,38 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
                    "Instruction decoder identifies a call but ReferenceManager supplies no call destination");
            }
        }
-        return new CallBoundaryObservation(List.copyOf(limitations),
+        return new CallBoundaryObservation(boundary.values(),
            returnedCallees == null ? null : calls.unrepresented, calls.unresolvedCalls());
    }

+    private final class FunctionBoundaryLimitations {
+        private final Function function;
+        private final List<String> limitations = new ArrayList<>();
+        private Instruction beforePrevious;
+        private Instruction previous;
+
+        private FunctionBoundaryLimitations(Function function) {
+            this.function = function;
+        }
+
+        private void observe(Instruction instruction) throws Exception {
+            monitor.checkCancelled();
+            String limitation = terminalCallLimitation(instruction);
+            if (limitation != null) limitations.add(limitation);
+            if (beforePrevious != null && previous != null) {
+                String seh = borlandSehHandlerLimitation(
+                    function, beforePrevious, previous, instruction);
+                if (seh != null) limitations.add(seh);
+            }
+            beforePrevious = previous;
+            previous = instruction;
+        }
+
+        private List<String> values() {
+            return List.copyOf(limitations);
+        }
+    }
+
    private String borlandSehHandlerLimitation(
            Function function, Instruction handlerPush, Instruction framePush,
            Instruction frameLink) {
@@ -3674,24 +3675,36 @@ public final class ReaGhidraBridge extends HeadlessScript {
            monitor.checkCancelled();
            Address address = addresses.next();
            if (outgoing) {
-                for (Reference reference : currentProgram.getReferenceManager()
-                        .getReferencesFrom(address)) {
-                    monitor.checkCancelled();
-                    if (!reference.isEntryPointReference()) visitor.accept(reference);
-                }
+                visitObservedReferencesFrom(address, visitor);
            }
            else {
-                ReferenceIterator iterator = currentProgram.getReferenceManager()
-                    .getReferencesTo(address);
-                while (iterator.hasNext()) {
-                    monitor.checkCancelled();
-                    Reference reference = iterator.next();
-                    if (!reference.isEntryPointReference()) visitor.accept(reference);
-                }
+                visitObservedReferencesTo(address, visitor);
            }
        }
    }

+    private void visitObservedReferencesFrom(Address address, ReferenceVisitor visitor)
+            throws Exception {
+        for (Reference reference : currentProgram.getReferenceManager().getReferencesFrom(address)) {
+            monitor.checkCancelled();
+            visitObservedReference(reference, visitor);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void visitObservedReferencesTo(Address address, ReferenceVisitor visitor)
+            throws Exception {
+        ReferenceIterator references = currentProgram.getReferenceManager().getReferencesTo(address);
+        while (references.hasNext()) {
+            monitor.checkCancelled();
+            visitObservedReference(references.next(), visitor);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void visitObservedReference(Reference reference, ReferenceVisitor visitor)
+            throws Exception {
+        if (!reference.isEntryPointReference()) visitor.accept(reference);
+    }
+
    private static void addReference(TreeMap<String, Reference> observed, Reference reference) {
        String key = canonicalAddress(reference.getFromAddress()) + "\u0000" +
            canonicalAddress(reference.getToAddress()) + "\u0000" +
@@ -314,7 +314,9 @@ diagnostics appear inside the report when `--full-output` is selected. Log
 truncation alone does not change the diagnostic health or exit status.

 The default terminal format is TOON. Use `--json` when saving results for a
-JSON consumer. `--json` is indented on a terminal and compact when piped or
+JSON consumer. Valued output flags (`--format`, `--filter-output`,
+`--token-limit`, `--token-offset`) accept `--flag value` or `--flag=value`; a
+missing value fails with `MISSING_OUTPUT_VALUE` before the command runs. `--json` is indented on a terminal and compact when piped or
 redirected, which keeps large results smaller for agents and scripts; pipe
 through `jq .` for indented files. Output selection and formatting do not change
 operation status.
@@ -352,6 +354,11 @@ command, objdump, Rizin and GDB. In these paths, a returned structured
 signal-derived status. This describes the current source routing; it is not a
 claim that every command or provider runtime has been independently exercised.

+When the reader of piped output closes early, as `rea ... | head` does, the
+CLI stops writing, prints no error and exits `141` (`128 + 13`, the status of a
+SIGPIPE-terminated writer). The operation itself may have completed; only its
+output was declined.
+
 `inspect-artifact` also returns a structured cancelled result, but its direct
 analysis cancellation path does not set a signal-derived exit status, so it
 exits `1`. Setup has its own contract: cancellation exits `0`. Treat the
@@ -140,8 +140,23 @@ profiles](mcp-contracts.md#output-schemas).
 Setup registers `rea` in `~/.kimi-code/mcp.json`, or
 `$KIMI_CODE_HOME/mcp.json` when set, while preserving unrelated settings and
 creating a `.rea.backup` before updating an existing file. Kimi Code infers
-stdio from the `command` entry, so setup does not add a `type` field. The
-registration includes `startupTimeoutMs = 30000` and `toolTimeoutMs = 120000`.
+stdio from the `command` entry, so setup does not add a `type` field. New
+registrations include `startupTimeoutMs = 30000` and a `toolTimeoutMs` derived
+from REA's known provider allowance plus 120 seconds of operation
+headroom. The default is 450000 ms, covering the default 330-second Ghidra
+startup; an explicit Ghidra startup timeout of 2700000 ms produces a 2820000 ms
+tool timeout. The startup allowance follows an explicitly selected Ghidra or
+Hopper provider, and otherwise uses the larger known Ghidra/Hopper deadline.
+An explicit `REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS` request budget also contributes to that
+maximum. For `ida` or `auto` selection, a valid IDA registration's parsed
+`timeoutMs` also contributes to that maximum; its default is 300000 ms.
+Setup forwards these explicitly selected REA deadlines and the input schema
+profile into the registration; unrelated process values are omitted.
+This headroom is a practical default, not a guarantee for every analysis
+duration. Setup preserves positive timeout values already in the `rea` entry.
+You can edit `startupTimeoutMs` and `toolTimeoutMs` there; doctor keeps positive
+caller-selected values aligned and reports a non-blocking advisory when a tool
+timeout is shorter than the known provider allowance.
 Setup selects the compact input-schema advertisement for new or refreshed Kimi
 registrations unless their stored configuration or setup environment explicitly
 selects `REA_MCP_INPUT_SCHEMA_PROFILE=full` or `compact`. This keeps REA's
@@ -219,8 +234,20 @@ standalone CLI check.

 ## Codex and Devin

-Codex treats an unset or empty `CODEX_HOME` as `~/.codex`. Devin honors
-`XDG_CONFIG_HOME` for its `devin/mcp_config.json` on non-Windows systems.
+Codex treats an unset or empty `CODEX_HOME` as `~/.codex`. Its MCP server
+registration supports `startup_timeout_sec` for connection initialization and
+`tool_timeout_sec` for each tool call. New REA registrations use a 30-second
+startup timeout and a tool timeout derived from the known provider
+allowance plus 120 seconds of operation headroom. This yields 450 seconds for
+the default Ghidra allowance; an explicit Ghidra startup timeout of 2700
+seconds yields 2820 seconds. Setup preserves positive caller-selected timeout
+values in the REA entry, and doctor reports a non-blocking advisory when a tool
+timeout is shorter than the known provider allowance. An explicitly selected
+JEB request budget also contributes to the allowance. A configured IDA
+registration's parsed `timeoutMs` contributes for `ida` or `auto` selection.
+These values are client-side deadlines, so increase them in `~/.codex/config.toml` if a
+workload needs more time. Devin honors `XDG_CONFIG_HOME` for its
+`devin/mcp_config.json` on non-Windows systems.

 ## OMP

@@ -153,8 +153,8 @@ overview merely because its source artifact is unchanged.

 Function extents and instruction completeness refer to Ghidra's analyzed body.
 An inferred no-return call can terminate that body before subsequent bytes.
-Pseudocode, assembly, procedure info, instruction windows, callee and caller
-reads, and dossiers report observed terminal call sites in Evidence limitations,
+Pseudocode, assembly, procedure info, instruction windows, incoming and outgoing
+references, callee and caller reads, and dossiers report observed terminal call sites in Evidence limitations,
 including resolved callee names, addresses, and FunctionManager flags when
 available. On x86-32, the same views also report the exact Borland/Delphi-style
 FS exception-registration pattern when its handler address falls outside the
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ Use a package version that actually includes this adapter; repository main can b
 {"name":"close_binary","arguments":{}}
 ```

-Opening an MCP target starts its selected provider session; headless opening waits for auto-analysis. Set the agent's MCP request deadline long enough for the target. The registration's optional `timeoutMs` defaults to 300000 for upstream requests. A freshly opened headless worker can briefly report `status: "busy"` from `server_health`; REA re-reads the health every 100 ms until the worker answers, the caller cancels, or `timeoutMs` has elapsed since the first read. Only expiry while the worker is still busy produces a retryable `provider_timeout`; no further read is started once the deadline has passed. That error names the busy tool of the last observation, or `unknown` when the worker reported none or a value that is not tool-name-shaped. Cancellation during the wait produces `cancelled`. Any other unexpected health payload, including a busy payload with an invalid shape, remains `unreadable_output`. Cancellation drains the current upstream request before cleanup; it does not force-stop GUI analysis. An open request that times out without a completed response retains the private workspace because worker inventory alone cannot prove the request has stopped. `binary_session` reports actual tool availability. Repeated doctor/setup calls are unnecessary when the registration already works.
+Opening an MCP target starts its selected provider session; headless opening waits for auto-analysis. Set the agent's MCP request deadline long enough for the target. The registration's optional `timeoutMs` defaults to 300000 for upstream requests. An upstream SDK request that reaches this limit returns `provider_timeout` with its operation and actual request budget. A freshly opened headless worker can briefly report `status: "busy"` from `server_health`; REA re-reads health every 100 ms until the worker answers, the caller cancels, or `timeoutMs` has elapsed since the first read. Each health request is capped by the time remaining in that overall wait, so a stalled read cannot extend the readiness deadline by another full request timeout. Expiry while the worker is still busy produces a retryable `provider_timeout`; no further read is started after the deadline. That error names the busy tool from the last observation, or `unknown` when the worker reported none or a value that is not tool-name-shaped. If a health request itself consumes the remaining wait budget, the same last-busy timeout is returned with the stalled request's captured output. Cancellation during the wait produces `cancelled`. Any other unexpected health payload, including a busy payload with an invalid shape, remains `unreadable_output`. Cancellation drains the current upstream request before cleanup; it does not force-stop GUI analysis. An open request that times out without a completed response retains the private workspace because worker inventory alone cannot prove the request has stopped. `binary_session` reports actual tool availability. Repeated doctor/setup calls are unnecessary when the registration already works.

-For guided registration, set `REA_IDA_MCP_CONFIG` before `rea setup --client <client>`. Setup includes that file reference in its reviewed plan and preserves it after approval; it does not copy upstream credentials into the agent configuration. `rea doctor --provider ida --json` validates the registration without starting IDA and explicitly leaves runtime compatibility and target binding for analysis.
+For guided registration, set `REA_IDA_MCP_CONFIG` before `rea setup --client <client>`. Setup includes that file reference in its reviewed plan and preserves it after approval; it does not copy upstream credentials into the agent configuration. For `ida` or `auto` selection, Codex/Kimi setup and doctor use the effective client registration's parsed `timeoutMs` (default 300000 ms) when recommending the agent's per-tool deadline. Existing positive client deadlines remain caller choices. `rea doctor --provider ida --json` validates the registration without starting IDA and explicitly leaves runtime compatibility and target binding for analysis.

 ## Coverage and evidence

@@ -147,7 +147,8 @@ identity remains available at `identity.catalog`.

 Setup pins package-runner MCP registrations to the exact installed REA version,
 installs the matching skill and on-demand references in the same plan, and adds
-`startup_timeout_sec = 30` for Codex and Grok Build.
+`startup_timeout_sec = 30` for Codex and Grok Build. Codex also receives a
+`tool_timeout_sec` derived from known provider startup plus operation headroom.

 ## Limit REA to one project or agent profile

@@ -540,6 +541,37 @@ search permissions (`0700`) on a directory you own before retrying.

 On supported Linux distributions, approved setup verifies Hopper's official
 `.deb`, `.rpm`, or Arch package before invoking the native package manager.
+The official release feed selects the current public demo without a version
+pin. REA verifies the package's detached PGP signature against Hopper's stable
+primary fingerprint `7C2D73BAFAF5B9A710A69DA1A26DF815099B1BCD`, then checks
+that the signed package and installed launcher agree with `main_exe_hash`.
+Rotating signing subkeys remain bound to that primary identity.
+The feed row itself is not PGP-signed; doctor labels its display version as
+`reported_release_version`, separately from the authenticated launcher identity.
+
+The approval plan includes the caller-selected cache location. Approved setup
+retains the signed archive, public key and release metadata under
+`${XDG_CACHE_HOME:-$HOME/.cache}/rea/hopper-releases/<launcher-sha256>`.
+An empty `XDG_CACHE_HOME` uses `$HOME/.cache`. Approved setup can repair a
+damaged caller-owned entry after authenticating a fresh package; the previous
+entry is preserved beside it as `<launcher-sha256>.backup-<id>`. Ordinary doctor
+and launches reject damaged evidence and never repair it implicitly.
+Approved publications of the same canonical cache entry share a process-backed
+lease. Concurrent setup waits without moving another writer's evidence; a
+failed replacement restores the previous directory when possible and reports
+any retained backup path. Unavailable reads or native inspection tools do not
+authorize replacing existing evidence.
+Doctor and launches authenticate this evidence for offline use; an editable
+digest receipt alone cannot authorize a launcher. Verification reuses at most
+eight immutable package proofs per process, keyed by the complete package,
+key, signature, package format and expected launcher digest. Cached file reads
+still check identity and content. Without retained evidence, inspecting an
+existing install requires the matching current official package and network
+access. Successful live inspection can be reused within that process after
+rehashing the launcher; it does not write a persistent cache or claim that a
+previously observed release is still the latest. Older uncached builds require
+an approved update while the feed exposes only its current release.
+
 REA runs the supported demo build on a private Xvfb display and selects Hopper's
 offered demo mode for each analysis session; it does not require the user's
 desktop display. Unattended package-manager access requires
@@ -634,6 +666,20 @@ If startup reports `Cannot launch Hopper! Connection is invalid.` or waits for
 bridge readiness, check Hopper for a pending demo, license, or loader dialog.
 Complete the dialog and retry. If REA reports `cleanup_incomplete`, follow the
 retained-resource guidance below before reopening the target.
+
+On macOS, Hopper can show an `Executing Python Script...` overlay while the REA
+bridge serves an active MCP connection. Long-lived MCP clients can keep that
+connection open across agent turns, so the overlay may remain visible after the
+analysis calls finish; by itself, it does not establish a stalled startup. REA
+does not automatically idle-close a still-connected target. When the
+investigation is finished, export an Evidence bundle first if you need to keep
+the session ledger, then call `close_binary`; set `snapshot_path` to save a
+provider-neutral analysis snapshot as part of closing. A successful close
+shuts down the REA bridge and clears its overlay; REA does not control the
+macOS Hopper application lifetime.
+The Hopper GUI Cancel button's behavior for this bridge has not been verified;
+`close_binary` is the supported cleanup path.
+
 Hopper serializes analysis requests. Cancelling a wait can leave provider work
 running, which the session reports. Successful decompilation is cached until
 a relevant rename or comment changes it.
@@ -206,6 +206,9 @@ code unit, matching the original bytes identified by the artifact digest.

 Plain `.ts` artifact sources use TypeScript syntax without JSX, including
 angle-bracket type assertions. `.tsx` and `.jsx` retain JSX parsing.
+JavaScript sources use JavaScript grammar with JSX, never TypeScript syntax,
+so valid JavaScript that TypeScript reads differently keeps its JavaScript
+meaning.

 Relative TypeScript imports can name their emitted `.js`, `.mjs`, or `.cjs`
 counterparts while resolving to inventoried source files. This substitution
@@ -220,7 +223,10 @@ Selected bounded text is then parsed as inert data to recover:
 - Webpack and Rspack chunk registrations and module factories represented as
  AST literals;
 - static imports, dynamic imports, CommonJS `require` calls, workers, and
-  service workers;
+  service workers (only `new Worker(new URL(path, import.meta.url))` resolves
+  relative to the calling module; string worker and service-worker paths use
+  the document base URL or Node's working directory, which static analysis
+  does not establish, so they keep their expression and stay unresolved);
 - route, network endpoint, storage, and vendor-marker observations;
 - local source-map declarations and original
  source names and content digests;
@@ -626,6 +632,10 @@ href are read without surrounding whitespace or embedded tabs and newlines, and
 their percent-encoded path bytes are decoded; encoded dot and separator bytes
 are still rejected. CommonJS module lookups retain extension and directory
 resolution.
+ESM, HTML, and URL references apply URL dot segments to empty path segments:
+`./assets//../app.js` selects `assets/app.js`, while a remaining empty segment
+such as `./assets//app.js` stays unavailable. CommonJS keeps filesystem path
+semantics and selects `app.js` for the same text.
 Unresolved HTML references retain their declaration, source range, and resolution
 reason in the renderer observations.
 HTML script source ranges follow the HTML parser across LF, CRLF, and bare CR
@@ -22,6 +22,15 @@ inspection and decompilation while refusing `open_jeb_project`. Catalog discover
 uses one 60-second deadline across connection and pagination; a responsive server
 cannot keep discovery running indefinitely by returning more pages.

+Each upstream tool call has an absolute 60-second request deadline by default.
+Set `REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS` to a positive decimal number of milliseconds to
+select a different per-request budget, for example `REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS=300000`
+for a five-minute decompilation. This budget starts after discovery and applies
+to each individual `tools/call`; it does not extend the separate catalog deadline
+or establish one end-to-end deadline across a whole CLI or MCP operation. A
+request that reaches its budget returns a typed timeout, while caller
+cancellation remains a cancellation.
+
 Verified against JEB 5.48.0 (Linux x64, licensed build) serving `jeb-mcp-server` 1.3.0 over streamable HTTP.

 ## Operations
@@ -517,6 +517,14 @@ These deadlines have different owners:
 | Darwin swiftc helper | REA allows 120,000 ms by default for ownership-helper compilation; `REA_SWIFTC_COMPILE_TIMEOUT_MS` accepts decimal integers from 1–2,147,483,647 ms. Invalid values fail configuration validation.                                  |
 | Individual tool call | The client bounds its wait, including cold engine startup. The pinned client SDK 2.3.1 defaults to 60,000 ms and can cancel earlier than REA's startup deadline.                                                                    |

+For [Codex and Kimi registrations](client-configuration.md), setup supplies
+missing tool deadlines from the known provider allowance plus 120 seconds of
+operation headroom: 450 seconds with the default Ghidra allowance, or 2820
+seconds with `REA_GHIDRA_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS=2700000`. Positive caller-selected
+deadlines remain unchanged. Doctor reports an informational recommendation
+when a configured deadline is shorter than the known provider allowance. An
+explicit JEB upstream request budget also contributes to that allowance.
+
 For an already connected client using the pinned SDK, request options are the
 **second** argument of `callTool`:

@@ -546,10 +554,20 @@ Waiting notifications stop when startup settles or the caller cancels. They do
 not measure engine work completed.

 The pinned SDK can reset the request's inactivity timeout on progress with
-`resetTimeoutOnProgress: true`. Also set `maxTotalTimeout` to bound the complete
-request; the provider's startup deadline still applies. These options belong in
-the same second argument of `callTool`. Without that explicit client policy, the
-default 60-second request deadline still expires despite waiting notifications.
+`resetTimeoutOnProgress: true`. These options belong in the same second
+argument of `callTool`. Without that explicit client policy, the default
+60-second request deadline still expires despite waiting notifications.
+
+SDK 2.3.1 checks `maxTotalTimeout` when progress resets the timer; it does not
+schedule a separate absolute timer for that setting. A silent interval can
+therefore run beyond the declared total. For an absolute caller deadline,
+also pass `signal: AbortSignal.timeout(totalBudgetMs)`. If the caller already
+has a cancellation signal, preserve both with
+`AbortSignal.any([callerSignal, AbortSignal.timeout(totalBudgetMs)])`.
+`maxTotalTimeout` can still bound progress resets, and REA's provider startup
+deadline still applies. Choose the total budget for the expected workload;
+neither server configuration nor progress can override a remote caller's
+deadline.

 The 240-second setting is a measured example, not a universal timeout: a
 controlled Linux x64/WSL2 fixture took about 64 seconds for its first overview
@@ -690,7 +708,10 @@ reported by strict-depth MCP clients in [#2813](https://github.com/morluto/rea/i
 WorkBuddy/CodeBuddy gateways have also rejected full REA catalogs with an
 opaque `11133` error while accepting the compact profile
 ([#2999](https://github.com/morluto/rea/issues/2999)); compatibility depends on
-the selected gateway and model.
+the selected gateway and model. That report used ZCode through a gateway to a
+Kimi-K3 backend, not the WorkBuddy MCP client. Set the profile on REA's
+registration in the actual MCP host; the host's name alone does not identify
+the downstream model or its schema constraints.

 The compact profile renders the same tool set, output schemas, annotations,
 and canonical server-side validation. It changes only the advertised input
@@ -378,7 +378,12 @@ complete observation.
  property: `N` means `nonatomic`; a complete typed attribute string without
  `N` means the Objective-C default `atomic`;
  missing or incomplete attribute metadata leaves `atomicity` and any
-  unestablished read-only value null. `is_meta_class`, `is_root_class`, and
+  unestablished read-only value null. A type attribute whose quoted class name
+  never closes is incomplete and marks `objc_properties_categories` partial
+  with `property_attributes_incomplete`. A property record that cannot be
+  decoded, such as one with an empty or unmapped name, is reported as
+  `property_decode_failed` at its entry address while sibling properties are
+  retained. `is_meta_class`, `is_root_class`, and
  `ivar_count` are also nullable when the selected provider exposes only symbol
  names. Class implementation methods have null `is_required` and `is_optional`
  fields because those facts apply to protocol declarations; decoded protocol
@@ -570,6 +575,12 @@ Exact and ambiguous value counts describe emitted root/object value instances;
 a root and an object may contain the same value. Archive digests identify the
 original bytes.

+Dates are reported as `{ "$plist_type": "date", "iso8601": "<timestamp>" }`. A
+date the decoder cannot represent, such as an XML date with a year beyond 9999
+or a negative year, is reported as `{ "$plist_type": "date", "iso8601": null }`
+with a counted limitation; the rest of the plist or archive is still decoded.
+`inspect_plist` and Interface Builder decoding use the same projection.
+
 ## Locate a byte signature

 Use `search_bytes` after opening a target with Ghidra to locate a known constant
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ REA npm dependency inventory
 Prepared from the root package-lock.json; refresh this inventory when locked dependencies change.
 License identifiers are upstream lockfile declarations, not a legal assessment.
 Runtime includes transitive and optional platform packages; development includes build, test and website tooling.
-Locked package entries: 721; runtime: 177.
+Locked package entries: 722; runtime: 178.
 Full runtime copyright/license/NOTICE texts: npm-runtime-notices.txt.

@algolia/abtesting@1.25.0 | development | MIT
@@ -2740,6 +2740,11 @@ oniguruma-to-es@3.1.1 | development | MIT
  Package: https://www.npmjs.com/package/oniguruma-to-es/v/3.1.1
  Archive: https://registry.npmjs.org/oniguruma-to-es/-/oniguruma-to-es-3.1.1.tgz
  Integrity: sha512-bUH8SDvPkH3ho3dvwJwfonjlQ4R80vjyvrU8YpxuROddv55vAEJrTuCuCVUhhsHbtlD9tGGbaNApGQckXhS8iQ==
+openpgp@6.3.2 | runtime | LGPL-3.0+
+  Lockfile path: node_modules/openpgp
+  Package: https://www.npmjs.com/package/openpgp/v/6.3.2
+  Archive: https://registry.npmjs.org/openpgp/-/openpgp-6.3.2.tgz
+  Integrity: sha512-wcZTzHz41LV8Y48zH/JlD1JT8YdNmpWOuMAjQ/podvvCwsjBEU37K3znJh4UQcj3hksE5z9TzvhbUbwzsGvlLQ==
 oxc-parser@0.150.0 | development | MIT
  Lockfile path: node_modules/oxc-parser
  Package: https://www.npmjs.com/package/oxc-parser/v/0.150.0
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 REA third-party npm runtime copyright, license and NOTICE texts
 Collected from integrity-verified locked npm archives. Release-specific supplements and upstream notice gaps are identified in their entries.
 External engines are separately obtained; see THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md.
-Runtime dependency fingerprint (SHA-256): 49b181923ab240c68c64d35ecdd8f93cb5cd516c765f2282d0e0eca0bcadd13e
+Runtime dependency fingerprint (SHA-256): 131100b2e1e6ad5e55b10a0baf4be2d7a0838fd724fb307b9bafd73446b0d3ec

 ===== @babel/helper-string-parser@8.0.6 =====
 Declared license: MIT
@@ -5171,6 +5171,180 @@ ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR
 IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.


+===== openpgp@6.3.2 =====
+Declared license: LGPL-3.0+
+Archive: https://registry.npmjs.org/openpgp/-/openpgp-6.3.2.tgz
+Integrity: sha512-wcZTzHz41LV8Y48zH/JlD1JT8YdNmpWOuMAjQ/podvvCwsjBEU37K3znJh4UQcj3hksE5z9TzvhbUbwzsGvlLQ==
+Scope: npm runtime dependency. GPLv3 terms incorporated by this LGPL text are preserved in licenses/GPL-3.0.txt.
+
+--- package/LICENSE ---
+
+                   GNU LESSER GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+
+  This version of the GNU Lesser General Public License incorporates
+the terms and conditions of version 3 of the GNU General Public
+License, supplemented by the additional permissions listed below.
+
+  0. Additional Definitions.
+
+  As used herein, "this License" refers to version 3 of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License, and the "GNU GPL" refers to version 3 of the GNU
+General Public License.
+
+  "The Library" refers to a covered work governed by this License,
+other than an Application or a Combined Work as defined below.
+
+  An "Application" is any work that makes use of an interface provided
+by the Library, but which is not otherwise based on the Library.
+Defining a subclass of a class defined by the Library is deemed a mode
+of using an interface provided by the Library.
+
+  A "Combined Work" is a work produced by combining or linking an
+Application with the Library.  The particular version of the Library
+with which the Combined Work was made is also called the "Linked
+Version".
+
+  The "Minimal Corresponding Source" for a Combined Work means the
+Corresponding Source for the Combined Work, excluding any source code
+for portions of the Combined Work that, considered in isolation, are
+based on the Application, and not on the Linked Version.
+
+  The "Corresponding Application Code" for a Combined Work means the
+object code and/or source code for the Application, including any data
+and utility programs needed for reproducing the Combined Work from the
+Application, but excluding the System Libraries of the Combined Work.
+
+  1. Exception to Section 3 of the GNU GPL.
+
+  You may convey a covered work under sections 3 and 4 of this License
+without being bound by section 3 of the GNU GPL.
+
+  2. Conveying Modified Versions.
+
+  If you modify a copy of the Library, and, in your modifications, a
+facility refers to a function or data to be supplied by an Application
+that uses the facility (other than as an argument passed when the
+facility is invoked), then you may convey a copy of the modified
+version:
+
+   a) under this License, provided that you make a good faith effort to
+   ensure that, in the event an Application does not supply the
+   function or data, the facility still operates, and performs
+   whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful, or
+
+   b) under the GNU GPL, with none of the additional permissions of
+   this License applicable to that copy.
+
+  3. Object Code Incorporating Material from Library Header Files.
+
+  The object code form of an Application may incorporate material from
+a header file that is part of the Library.  You may convey such object
+code under terms of your choice, provided that, if the incorporated
+material is not limited to numerical parameters, data structure
+layouts and accessors, or small macros, inline functions and templates
+(ten or fewer lines in length), you do both of the following:
+
+   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the object code that the
+   Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
+   covered by this License.
+
+   b) Accompany the object code with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
+   document.
+
+  4. Combined Works.
+
+  You may convey a Combined Work under terms of your choice that,
+taken together, effectively do not restrict modification of the
+portions of the Library contained in the Combined Work and reverse
+engineering for debugging such modifications, if you also do each of
+the following:
+
+   a) Give prominent notice with each copy of the Combined Work that
+   the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are
+   covered by this License.
+
+   b) Accompany the Combined Work with a copy of the GNU GPL and this license
+   document.
+
+   c) For a Combined Work that displays copyright notices during
+   execution, include the copyright notice for the Library among
+   these notices, as well as a reference directing the user to the
+   copies of the GNU GPL and this license document.
+
+   d) Do one of the following:
+
+       0) Convey the Minimal Corresponding Source under the terms of this
+       License, and the Corresponding Application Code in a form
+       suitable for, and under terms that permit, the user to
+       recombine or relink the Application with a modified version of
+       the Linked Version to produce a modified Combined Work, in the
+       manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL for conveying
+       Corresponding Source.
+
+       1) Use a suitable shared library mechanism for linking with the
+       Library.  A suitable mechanism is one that (a) uses at run time
+       a copy of the Library already present on the user's computer
+       system, and (b) will operate properly with a modified version
+       of the Library that is interface-compatible with the Linked
+       Version.
+
+   e) Provide Installation Information, but only if you would otherwise
+   be required to provide such information under section 6 of the
+   GNU GPL, and only to the extent that such information is
+   necessary to install and execute a modified version of the
+   Combined Work produced by recombining or relinking the
+   Application with a modified version of the Linked Version. (If
+   you use option 4d0, the Installation Information must accompany
+   the Minimal Corresponding Source and Corresponding Application
+   Code. If you use option 4d1, you must provide the Installation
+   Information in the manner specified by section 6 of the GNU GPL
+   for conveying Corresponding Source.)
+
+  5. Combined Libraries.
+
+  You may place library facilities that are a work based on the
+Library side by side in a single library together with other library
+facilities that are not Applications and are not covered by this
+License, and convey such a combined library under terms of your
+choice, if you do both of the following:
+
+   a) Accompany the combined library with a copy of the same work based
+   on the Library, uncombined with any other library facilities,
+   conveyed under the terms of this License.
+
+   b) Give prominent notice with the combined library that part of it
+   is a work based on the Library, and explaining where to find the
+   accompanying uncombined form of the same work.
+
+  6. Revised Versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
+
+  The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+of the GNU Lesser General Public License from time to time. Such new
+versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
+differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
+
+  Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
+Library as you received it specifies that a certain numbered version
+of the GNU Lesser General Public License "or any later version"
+applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and
+conditions either of that published version or of any later version
+published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library as you
+received it does not specify a version number of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License, you may choose any version of the GNU Lesser
+General Public License ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+  If the Library as you received it specifies that a proxy can decide
+whether future versions of the GNU Lesser General Public License shall
+apply, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of any version is
+permanent authorization for you to choose that version for the
+Library.
+
 ===== pako@1.0.11 =====
 Declared license: (MIT AND Zlib)
 Archive: https://registry.npmjs.org/pako/-/pako-1.0.11.tgz
@@ -111,7 +111,9 @@ automatically. Alternatively, build it using the Linux/MinGW lane above.
 - Cleanup walks locked directory objects, removes files by handle, and unlinks
  reparse entries without traversing their targets. Failed removal retains the
  root and ancestor leases for retry; a partially removed runtime accepts only
-  cleanup, and its registry entry remains until removal succeeds. Normal close, cancellation,
+  cleanup, and its registry entry remains until removal succeeds. The owned root
+  handle includes attribute-write access so cleanup can clear a read-only marker,
+  matching the child cleanup handles. Normal close, cancellation,
  startup failure, and timeout release provider resources. Abrupt owner death
  kills the owned job. The Android provider additionally uses a detached helper
  that owns its private runtime directory and cleans it when the owner pipe
@@ -156,8 +158,11 @@ npm run verify:windows-native
 npm run verify:ghidra:windows
 ```

-The native inspection probe retains its directory owner if deletion fails. A
-later availability query retries that cleanup before creating another probe;
+An unpublished runtime retains its directory and parent handles if validation,
+result publication, or rollback fails. Errors retain the original failure and
+any rollback failure. Later runtime creation or native inspection retries that
+exact owner before allocating another directory. The same owner covers the
+native inspection probe. A later availability query retries failed probe cleanup;
 successful admission and static artifact failures remain cached. Environment
 teardown makes one final cleanup attempt and reports a persistent failure to
 stderr rather than claiming the directory was removed.
@@ -174,9 +179,11 @@ On Windows, after compiling the runtime:
 node scripts/verify-windows-native-inspection.mjs
 ```

-This artifact injects one access-denied disposition result while using a real
-NTFS directory. The verifier checks retained ownership, recovery on a later
-query, cached successful admission, and cleanup on environment teardown. It
+This artifact injects an access-denied disposition result while using real
+NTFS directories, and separately denies post-create validation and rollback.
+The verifier checks retained ownership after inspection and direct runtime
+creation failures, recovery on later admission, cached successful inspection,
+and cleanup on environment teardown. It
 renames the retained probe and recreates its old path, checking that cleanup
 removes the owned inode while preserving the replacement directory.
 It does not reproduce or identify the host-dependent cause reported in #1701.
@@ -60,6 +60,15 @@ napi_value wrap(napi_env env, std::unique_ptr<Resource> value) {
  value.release();
  return result;
 }
+void publishRuntimeHandle(napi_env env, napi_value observation, std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& value) {
+  auto handle = object(env);
+  check(napi_type_tag_object(env, handle, &RESOURCE_TAG));
+  // Complete the result before transferring cleanup ownership. Any earlier
+  // N-API failure leaves the unpublished runtime in its environment owner.
+  set(env, observation, "handle", handle);
+  check(napi_wrap(env, handle, value.get(), finalize, nullptr, nullptr));
+  value.release();
+}
 Resource& resource(napi_env env, napi_value value, Kind kind) {
  bool tagged = false;
  check(napi_check_object_type_tag(env, value, &RESOURCE_TAG, &tagged));
@@ -77,8 +86,15 @@ napi_value failureValue(napi_env env, const Failure& failure) {
    std::wstring detail = message == nullptr ? L"" : message;
    if (message != nullptr) LocalFree(message);
    const std::wstring constraint(failure.constraint.begin(), failure.constraint.end());
-    auto text = string(env, constraint + (failure.path.empty() ? L"" : L" [" + failure.path + L"]") +
-                           L" (Win32 " + std::to_wstring(failure.win32) + L"): " + detail);
+    std::wstring renderedMessage = constraint + (failure.path.empty() ? L"" : L" [" + failure.path + L"]") +
+                                   L" (Win32 " + std::to_wstring(failure.win32) + L"): " + detail;
+    if (!failure.cleanupConstraint.empty()) {
+      const std::wstring cleanup(failure.cleanupConstraint.begin(), failure.cleanupConstraint.end());
+      renderedMessage += L"; cleanup also failed: " + cleanup +
+                         (failure.cleanupPath.empty() ? L"" : L" [" + failure.cleanupPath + L"]") +
+                         L" (Win32 " + std::to_wstring(failure.cleanupWin32) + L")";
+    }
+    auto text = string(env, renderedMessage);
    napi_value error; napi_create_error(env, nullptr, text, &error);
    const char* code = failure.win32 == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND || failure.win32 == ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND ? "ENOENT"
                     : failure.win32 == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED ? "EACCES" : "ERR_REA_WINDOWS_NATIVE";
@@ -87,21 +103,24 @@ napi_value failureValue(napi_env env, const Failure& failure) {
    set(env, error, "requestedPath", string(env, failure.path));
    set(env, error, "win32Code", number(env, failure.win32));
    set(env, error, "win32Message", string(env, detail));
+    if (!failure.cleanupConstraint.empty()) {
+      set(env, error, "cleanupConstraint", string(env, failure.cleanupConstraint));
+      set(env, error, "cleanupRequestedPath", string(env, failure.cleanupPath));
+      set(env, error, "cleanupWin32Code", number(env, failure.cleanupWin32));
+    }
    if (failure.runtimeDirectoryUnallocated)
      set(env, error, "runtimeAllocation", string(env, std::string("not-started")));
    return error;
 }

-struct InspectionContext { std::unique_ptr<Runtime> probe; };
-
-static void cleanupInspection(void* data) noexcept {
-  std::unique_ptr<InspectionContext> context(static_cast<InspectionContext*>(data));
-  if (!context->probe) return;
-  try { closeRuntime(*context->probe); }
+static void cleanupRuntimeContext(void* data) noexcept {
+  std::unique_ptr<RuntimeContext> context(static_cast<RuntimeContext*>(data));
+  if (!context->pending) return;
+  try { closeRuntime(*context->pending); }
  catch (const Failure& failure) {
    // Environment teardown cannot retain an owner or return an error. Report
    // terminal cleanup failure instead of claiming the directory was removed.
-    std::fprintf(stderr, "REA Windows probe cleanup failed (Win32 %lu) path=\"",
+    std::fprintf(stderr, "REA Windows runtime cleanup failed (Win32 %lu) path=\"",
                 static_cast<unsigned long>(failure.win32));
    // Emit reversible UTF-16 escapes without allocation or CRT locale conversion.
    for (wchar_t unit : failure.path) {
@@ -112,10 +131,10 @@ static void cleanupInspection(void* data) noexcept {
    std::fprintf(stderr, "\"\n");
  }
  catch (const std::exception& failure) {
-    std::fprintf(stderr, "REA Windows probe cleanup failed: %s\n", failure.what());
+    std::fprintf(stderr, "REA Windows runtime cleanup failed: %s\n", failure.what());
  }
  catch (...) {
-    std::fprintf(stderr, "REA Windows probe cleanup failed: unknown native exception\n");
+    std::fprintf(stderr, "REA Windows runtime cleanup failed: unknown native exception\n");
  }
 }

@@ -128,12 +147,13 @@ static napi_value call(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
    require(count == 2, "Native call requires operation and arguments", L"", ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
    const auto operation = wide(env, args[0]);
    const auto values = array(env, args[1]);
+    auto& context = *static_cast<RuntimeContext*>(data);
    if (operation == L"inspect") {
      require(values.empty(), "Inspect takes no arguments", L"", ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
-      return inspect(env, static_cast<InspectionContext*>(data)->probe);
+      return inspect(env, context.pending);
    }
    if (operation.rfind(L"process_", 0) == 0) return processCall(env, operation, values);
-    return filesystemCall(env, operation, values);
+    return filesystemCall(env, operation, values, context);
  } catch (const Failure& failure) {
    auto error = failureValue(env, failure);
    napi_throw(env, error);
@@ -145,8 +165,8 @@ static napi_value call(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
 }

 static napi_value initialize(napi_env env, napi_value exports) {
-  auto context = std::make_unique<InspectionContext>();
-  if (napi_add_env_cleanup_hook(env, cleanupInspection, context.get()) != napi_ok) return nullptr;
+  auto context = std::make_unique<RuntimeContext>();
+  if (napi_add_env_cleanup_hook(env, cleanupRuntimeContext, context.get()) != napi_ok) return nullptr;
  // The environment owns callback data before a function can expose it. Failed
  // initialization still leaves a valid context for the registered cleanup hook.
  auto* data = context.release();
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ struct Failure : std::runtime_error {
  DWORD win32;
  std::wstring path;
  std::string constraint;
+  std::string cleanupConstraint;
+  DWORD cleanupWin32 = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+  std::wstring cleanupPath;
  // Affirmative proof for a failed runtime-parent admission; omission is unknown.
  bool runtimeDirectoryUnallocated = false;
  Failure(std::string constraint, std::wstring path = L"", DWORD code = GetLastError())
@@ -96,6 +99,9 @@ struct Runtime : Resource {
  std::atomic_bool snapshotCancelled{false};
  Runtime() : Resource(Kind::Runtime) {}
 };
+// A failed, not-yet-published runtime remains owned by its N-API environment
+// until a later admission or environment teardown can retry cleanup by handle.
+struct RuntimeContext { std::unique_ptr<Runtime> pending; };
 struct Process : Resource {
  Handle job, process, stdoutRead, stderrRead, stdinWrite;
  // Present only for a job with a commit limit; receives the job's notifications.
@@ -120,21 +126,24 @@ std::wstring wide(napi_env env, napi_value value);
 double numeric(napi_env env, napi_value value);
 std::vector<napi_value> array(napi_env env, napi_value value);
 napi_value wrap(napi_env env, std::unique_ptr<Resource> resource);
+void publishRuntimeHandle(napi_env env, napi_value observation, std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& runtime);
 Resource& resource(napi_env env, napi_value value, Kind kind);

 std::unique_ptr<File> openFile(const std::wstring& path, DWORD access = GENERIC_READ,
                             bool directory = false,
                             DWORD finalSharing = FILE_SHARE_READ);
 napi_value identity(napi_env env, HANDLE handle, const std::wstring& path);
-std::unique_ptr<Runtime> createRuntime(const std::wstring& parent, const std::wstring& prefix);
+void createRuntime(const std::wstring& parent, const std::wstring& prefix,
+                   std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& owner);
+void cleanupFailedRuntime(std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& owner, Failure& primary);
 void closeRuntime(Runtime& runtime);
 napi_value filesystemCall(napi_env env, const std::wstring& operation,
-                          const std::vector<napi_value>& args);
+                          const std::vector<napi_value>& args, RuntimeContext& context);
 std::unique_ptr<Process> spawnProcess(const std::wstring& command, const std::wstring& commandLine,
                                    const std::wstring& cwd, const std::vector<std::wstring>& environment,
                                    bool protocolStdin = false, ULONGLONG memoryLimit = 0);
 napi_value processCall(napi_env env, const std::wstring& operation,
                       const std::vector<napi_value>& args);
-napi_value inspect(napi_env env, std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& probe);
+napi_value inspect(napi_env env, std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& pending);

 } // namespace rea
@@ -67,7 +67,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<File> openFile(const std::wstring& requested, DWORD access, bool
  result->requestedPath = requested;
  const auto& path = result->path;
  require(directory || path.size() > 3, "Target is not a regular file", requested, ERROR_DIRECTORY);
-  result->handles.push_back(openComponent(path.substr(0, 3), 0, true));
+  // The volume root cannot be replaced or deleted. Match the later root
+  // reopen's write sharing here so a root writer cannot block admission.
+  result->handles.push_back(openComponent(path.substr(0, 3), 0, true,
+                                          FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE));
  wchar_t filesystem[64]{};
  DWORD flags = 0;
  require(GetVolumeInformationByHandleW(result->handles.front().get(), nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr,
@@ -181,6 +184,29 @@ static Handle createRelative(HANDLE parent, const std::wstring& name, DWORD acce
  return result;
 }

+void cleanupFailedRuntime(std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& owner, Failure& primary) {
+  if (!owner || !owner->directory.valid()) {
+    owner.reset();
+    return;
+  }
+  try {
+    closeRuntime(*owner);
+    owner.reset();
+  } catch (const Failure& cleanup) {
+    primary.cleanupConstraint = cleanup.constraint;
+    primary.cleanupWin32 = cleanup.win32;
+    primary.cleanupPath = cleanup.path;
+  } catch (const std::exception& cleanup) {
+    primary.cleanupConstraint = cleanup.what();
+    primary.cleanupWin32 = ERROR_GEN_FAILURE;
+    primary.cleanupPath = owner->path;
+  } catch (...) {
+    primary.cleanupConstraint = "Unknown runtime cleanup failure";
+    primary.cleanupWin32 = ERROR_GEN_FAILURE;
+    primary.cleanupPath = owner->path;
+  }
+}
+
 // Lookup relative to an already-owned directory; path is diagnostic only.
 static Handle openRelative(HANDLE parent, const std::wstring& name, DWORD access,
                           DWORD sharing, ULONG kind, const std::wstring& path) {
@@ -334,7 +360,11 @@ static napi_value readCutterBridgeDescriptor(napi_env env, const std::vector<nap
  return result;
 }

-std::unique_ptr<Runtime> createRuntime(const std::wstring& parentPath, const std::wstring& prefix) {
+void createRuntime(const std::wstring& parentPath, const std::wstring& prefix,
+                   std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& owner) {
+  // A previous failed admission retains the original root handle. Retry that
+  // owner before allowing this environment to allocate another runtime.
+  if (owner) { closeRuntime(*owner); owner.reset(); }
  std::unique_ptr<File> parent;
  try { parent = openFile(parentPath, 0, true); }
  catch (Failure& failure) {
@@ -346,24 +376,29 @@ std::unique_ptr<Runtime> createRuntime(const std::wstring& parentPath, const std
  std::array<unsigned char, 16> random;
  require(BCryptGenRandom(nullptr, random.data(), random.size(), BCRYPT_USE_SYSTEM_PREFERRED_RNG) == 0,
          "Generate runtime identity failed", parentPath, ERROR_GEN_FAILURE);
+  Security security;
  auto result = std::make_unique<Runtime>();
  const auto name = prefix + hex(random.data(), random.size());
  result->path = parent->path + (parent->path.back() == L'\\' ? L"" : L"\\") + name;
-  Security security;
-  result->directory = createRelative(parent->get(), name,
-                                     DELETE | FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY | FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | READ_CONTROL,
-                                     true, security, result->path);
+  result->parents = std::move(parent->handles);
+  owner = std::move(result);
  try {
-    verifyPrivate(result->directory.get(), result->path, true);
-    // The owned child pins the parent nonempty before write sharing is relaxed.
-    parent->handles.back() = openComponent(parent->path, 0, true, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE);
-    result->parents = std::move(parent->handles);
-  } catch (...) {
-    FILE_DISPOSITION_INFO deletion{TRUE};
-    SetFileInformationByHandle(result->directory.get(), FileDispositionInfo, &deletion, sizeof(deletion));
+    owner->directory = createRelative(owner->parents.back().get(), name,
+                                      DELETE | FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY | FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES | READ_CONTROL,
+                                      true, security, owner->path);
+    // FILE_CREATE proves ownership and pins the parent nonempty independently
+    // of admission validation. A failed validation must not retain a strict
+    // parent lease that prevents renaming the still-owned child before retry.
+    owner->parents.back() = openComponent(parent->path, 0, true, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE);
+    verifyPrivate(owner->directory.get(), owner->path, true);
+  } catch (Failure& primary) {
+    cleanupFailedRuntime(owner, primary);
    throw;
+  } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+    Failure primary(error.what(), owner->path, ERROR_GEN_FAILURE);
+    cleanupFailedRuntime(owner, primary);
+    throw primary;
  }
-  return result;
 }

 static std::wstring relativePath(Runtime& root, const std::wstring& relative) {
@@ -438,6 +473,9 @@ static void dispose(HANDLE handle, const std::wstring& path) {
  require(GetFileInformationByHandleEx(handle, FileBasicInfo, &info, sizeof(info)), "Read cleanup attributes failed", path);
  if ((info.FileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) != 0) {
    info.FileAttributes &= ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY;
+    // Zero means "leave attributes unchanged" to FileBasicInfo. A file whose
+    // sole attribute was READONLY needs NORMAL to actually clear that marker.
+    if (info.FileAttributes == 0) info.FileAttributes = FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL;
    require(SetFileInformationByHandle(handle, FileBasicInfo, &info, sizeof(info)), "Clear owned readonly attribute failed", path);
  }
  FILE_DISPOSITION_INFO deletion{TRUE};
@@ -654,7 +692,8 @@ static napi_value snapshot(napi_env env, napi_value rootValue, Runtime& root,
  return promise;
 }

-napi_value filesystemCall(napi_env env, const std::wstring& operation, const std::vector<napi_value>& args) {
+napi_value filesystemCall(napi_env env, const std::wstring& operation,
+                          const std::vector<napi_value>& args, RuntimeContext& context) {
  if (operation == L"cutter_bridge_verify_directory") return verifyCutterBridgeDirectory(env, args);
  if (operation == L"cutter_bridge_read_descriptor") return readCutterBridgeDescriptor(env, args);
  const auto expected = operation == L"open" || operation == L"close" || operation == L"runtime_close" || operation == L"runtime_snapshot_cancel" ? 1
@@ -688,12 +727,21 @@ napi_value filesystemCall(napi_env env, const std::wstring& operation, const std
    return result;
  }
  if (operation == L"runtime_create") {
-    auto root = createRuntime(wide(env, args[0]), wide(env, args[1]));
-    auto result = identity(env, root->directory.get(), root->path);
-    set(env, result, "path", string(env, root->path));
-    set(env, result, "privateDacl", boolean(env, true));
-    set(env, result, "handle", wrap(env, std::move(root)));
-    return result;
+    createRuntime(wide(env, args[0]), wide(env, args[1]), context.pending);
+    try {
+      auto result = identity(env, context.pending->directory.get(), context.pending->path);
+      set(env, result, "path", string(env, context.pending->path));
+      set(env, result, "privateDacl", boolean(env, true));
+      publishRuntimeHandle(env, result, context.pending);
+      return result;
+    } catch (Failure& primary) {
+      cleanupFailedRuntime(context.pending, primary);
+      throw;
+    } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+      Failure primary(error.what(), context.pending ? context.pending->path : L"", ERROR_GEN_FAILURE);
+      cleanupFailedRuntime(context.pending, primary);
+      throw primary;
+    }
  }
  auto& root = static_cast<Runtime&>(resource(env, args[0], Kind::Runtime));
  require(!root.closing || operation == L"runtime_close", "Runtime cleanup is pending", root.path, ERROR_BUSY);
@@ -454,17 +454,27 @@ napi_value processCall(napi_env env, const std::wstring& operation, const std::v
  throw Failure("Unknown native process operation", L"", ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
 }

-napi_value inspect(napi_env env, std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& probe) {
+napi_value inspect(napi_env env, std::unique_ptr<Runtime>& pending) {
  // Settle the previous owner before admitting another probe. Failed cleanup
  // retains its handles, including when identity construction itself failed.
-  if (probe) { closeRuntime(*probe); probe.reset(); }
+  if (pending) { closeRuntime(*pending); pending.reset(); }
  wchar_t temp[32768];
  const auto length = GetTempPathW(32768, temp);
  require(length > 0 && length < 32768, "Read temporary directory coordinate failed");
-  probe = createRuntime(std::wstring(temp, length), L"rea-native-probe-");
-  auto filesystem = identity(env, probe->directory.get(), probe->path);
-  closeRuntime(*probe);
-  probe.reset();
+  createRuntime(std::wstring(temp, length), L"rea-native-probe-", pending);
+  napi_value filesystem;
+  try {
+    filesystem = identity(env, pending->directory.get(), pending->path);
+  } catch (Failure& primary) {
+    cleanupFailedRuntime(pending, primary);
+    throw;
+  } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+    Failure primary(error.what(), pending ? pending->path : L"", ERROR_GEN_FAILURE);
+    cleanupFailedRuntime(pending, primary);
+    throw primary;
+  }
+  closeRuntime(*pending);
+  pending.reset();
  auto job = createJob();
  Attributes attributes(1);
  HANDLE raw = job.get();
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
        "isomorphic-git": "1.38.7",
        "jsonc-parser": "3.3.1",
        "lossless-json": "4.3.1",
+        "openpgp": "6.3.2",
        "parse5": "8.0.1",
        "pino": "10.4.0",
        "playwright-core": "1.58.2",
@@ -7871,6 +7872,24 @@
        "regex-recursion": "^6.0.2"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/openpgp": {
+      "version": "6.3.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/openpgp/-/openpgp-6.3.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-wcZTzHz41LV8Y48zH/JlD1JT8YdNmpWOuMAjQ/podvvCwsjBEU37K3znJh4UQcj3hksE5z9TzvhbUbwzsGvlLQ==",
+      "license": "LGPL-3.0+",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 18.0.0",
+        "typescript": ">= 5.0.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "@openpgp/web-stream-tools": "~0.3.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+        "@openpgp/web-stream-tools": {
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/oxc-parser": {
      "version": "0.150.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/oxc-parser/-/oxc-parser-0.150.0.tgz",
@@ -337,6 +337,7 @@
    "isomorphic-git": "1.38.7",
    "jsonc-parser": "3.3.1",
    "lossless-json": "4.3.1",
+    "openpgp": "6.3.2",
    "parse5": "8.0.1",
    "pino": "10.4.0",
    "playwright-core": "1.58.2",
@@ -75,7 +75,57 @@ for (const architecture of ["x86_64", "x86"]) {
        : [0xe8, 0x0b, 0, 0, 0, 0xe8, 0x16, 0, 0, 0, 0x31, 0xc0, 0xc3],
      0x200,
    );
-    bytes.set([0xb8, 0x2a, 0, 0, 0, 0xc3], 0x210);
+    bytes.set(
+      x86 && !dll
+        ? [0xb8, 0x2a, 0, 0, 0, 0xe8, 0x66, 0, 0, 0, 0xc3]
+        : [0xb8, 0x2a, 0, 0, 0, 0xc3],
+      0x210,
+    );
+
+    if (x86 && !dll) {
+      // A statically analyzed Borland-style SEH registration whose handler
+      // entry is referenced but is not part of the registering function body.
+      bytes.set(
+        [
+          0x55, // PUSH EBP
+          0x89,
+          0xe5, // MOV EBP, ESP
+          0x68,
+          0xc0,
+          0x10,
+          0x40,
+          0x00, // PUSH 0x4010c0
+          0x64,
+          0xff,
+          0x35,
+          0,
+          0,
+          0,
+          0, // PUSH DWORD PTR FS:[0]
+          0x64,
+          0x89,
+          0x25,
+          0,
+          0,
+          0,
+          0, // MOV DWORD PTR FS:[0], ESP
+          0x64,
+          0x8f,
+          0x05,
+          0,
+          0,
+          0,
+          0, // POP DWORD PTR FS:[0]
+          0x83,
+          0xc4,
+          0x04, // ADD ESP, 4
+          0x5d, // POP EBP
+          0xc3, // RET
+        ],
+        0x280,
+      );
+      bytes.set([0xc3], 0x2c0);
+    }

    if (!dll) {
      const dataSection = sectionTable + 40;
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Inspect or activate Hopper's version-pinned demo dialog on a private X display."""
+"""Inspect or activate Hopper's authenticated demo dialog on a private X display."""

 from __future__ import annotations

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import ctypes
 import hashlib
 import json
 import os
+import re
 from pathlib import Path
 import secrets
 import select
@@ -18,12 +19,6 @@ import threading
 import time


-# Keep this digest aligned with LinuxHopper.ts and rerun real-Hopper verification
-# before accepting another vendor build.
-SUPPORTED_HOPPER_SHA256 = {
-    "0294ced141cc373468ee22d8343e7dac41980cb05a937994ca81c9f09afe7ded",
-    "1339f9e58377442b0c6fcb0dfc3cec20d593cc557408521fad9a00dbc6b8da13",
-}
 EXPECTED_SCREEN = (1280, 1024)
 DIALOG_TITLES = {"Registration", "Registration — Hopper Disassembler"}
 HOPPER_WINDOW_TITLE = "Hopper Disassembler"
@@ -121,6 +116,7 @@ def parse_args() -> argparse.Namespace:
    parser.add_argument("--probe", action="store_true")
    parser.add_argument("--owner-stdin", action="store_true")
    parser.add_argument("--hopper")
+    parser.add_argument("--expected-launcher-sha256")
    parser.add_argument("--socket")
    parser.add_argument(
        "--strategy",
@@ -661,7 +657,11 @@ def run_probe(args: argparse.Namespace) -> dict[str, object]:


 def run_launch(args: argparse.Namespace) -> int:
-    if args.hopper is None or args.socket is None:
+    if (
+        args.hopper is None or args.socket is None
+        or args.expected_launcher_sha256 is None
+        or re.fullmatch(r"[a-f0-9]{64}", args.expected_launcher_sha256) is None
+    ):
        raise AdapterFailure(
            INVALID_LAUNCH_COMMAND,
            "invalid_launch_command",
@@ -673,7 +673,9 @@ def run_launch(args: argparse.Namespace) -> int:
    hopper = Path(args.hopper)
    socket = Path(args.socket)
    try:
-        supported = digest(hopper) in SUPPORTED_HOPPER_SHA256
+        # The parent owns publisher/package interpretation. Recheck its admitted
+        # launcher bytes immediately before execution, preserving all X11 guards.
+        supported = digest(hopper) == args.expected_launcher_sha256
    except OSError as error:
        raise AdapterFailure(
            INVALID_LAUNCH_COMMAND,
@@ -684,7 +686,7 @@ def run_launch(args: argparse.Namespace) -> int:
        raise AdapterFailure(
            UNSUPPORTED_HOPPER_BUILD,
            "unsupported_hopper_build",
-            "unsupported Hopper binary",
+            "Hopper binary differs from the authenticated release",
        )
    command = args.command[1:] if args.command[:1] == ["--"] else args.command
    if not command or Path(command[0]).resolve() != hopper.resolve():
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+
+const limitationPattern = /Borland\/Delphi-style SEH frame registration/u;
+
+/** Verify Ghidra reports, and does not absorb, the fixture's handler region. */
+export async function verifyGhidraBorlandSeh(functionObservation, x86) {
+  assert.equal(x86, true, "The SEH control exists only in the x86 PE fixture");
+  const caller = "0x401015";
+  const procedure = "0x401080";
+  const handler = "0x4010c0";
+
+  const ordinary = await functionObservation("procedure_info", {
+    procedure: "0x401010",
+  });
+  assert.ok(
+    !ordinary.limitations.some((item) => limitationPattern.test(item)),
+    "The ordinary return-42 control unexpectedly reports an SEH limitation",
+  );
+
+  const info = await functionObservation("procedure_info", { procedure });
+  assert.ok(info.limitations.some((item) => limitationPattern.test(item)));
+
+  const outgoing = await functionObservation("procedure_references", {
+    procedure,
+    direction: "outgoing",
+  });
+  assert.equal(outgoing.value.direction, "outgoing");
+  assert.ok(outgoing.limitations.some((item) => limitationPattern.test(item)));
+  assert.ok(
+    outgoing.value.references.some(
+      (reference) =>
+        reference.source_address === "0x401083" &&
+        reference.target_address === handler &&
+        reference.kind.available &&
+        reference.kind.data &&
+        !reference.kind.call,
+    ),
+    "The pushed handler address must remain an observed data reference, without inventing a call",
+  );
+
+  const incoming = await functionObservation("procedure_references", {
+    procedure,
+    direction: "incoming",
+  });
+  assert.equal(incoming.value.direction, "incoming");
+  assert.ok(incoming.limitations.some((item) => limitationPattern.test(item)));
+  assert.ok(
+    incoming.value.references.some(
+      (reference) =>
+        reference.source_address === caller &&
+        reference.target_address === procedure,
+    ),
+    "The caller-to-registration procedure reference was not observed",
+  );
+
+  const dossier = await functionObservation("analyze_function", {
+    procedure,
+  });
+  assert.ok(dossier.limitations.some((item) => limitationPattern.test(item)));
+  assert.ok(
+    dossier.value.limitations.some((item) => limitationPattern.test(item)),
+    "The normalized function dossier lost the SEH limitation",
+  );
+  assert.equal(dossier.value.procedure.body.available, true);
+  assert.ok(dossier.value.procedure.body.ranges.length > 0);
+  assert.ok(
+    !dossier.value.procedure.body.ranges.some(
+      (range) =>
+        BigInt(range.start) <= BigInt(handler) &&
+        BigInt(range.end) >= BigInt(handler),
+    ),
+    "The handler was incorrectly claimed as part of the procedure body",
+  );
+
+  return {
+    limitation: true,
+    ordinary_control: true,
+    procedure_references_incoming_and_outgoing: true,
+    handler_data_reference: true,
+    caller_reference: true,
+    dossier_limitation: true,
+    handler_body_not_claimed: true,
+  };
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { spawn } from "node:child_process";
+import { once } from "node:events";
+import { createInterface } from "node:readline";
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+
+const withDeadline = async (promise, milliseconds, description) => {
+  let timer;
+  try {
+    return await Promise.race([
+      promise,
+      new Promise((_, reject) => {
+        timer = setTimeout(
+          () =>
+            reject(new Error(`${description} exceeded ${milliseconds} ms.`)),
+          milliseconds,
+        );
+      }),
+    ]);
+  } finally {
+    clearTimeout(timer);
+  }
+};
+
+export async function verifyVolumeRootAppendLease({
+  fixturePath,
+  volumeRoot,
+  verifyAdmission,
+}) {
+  const lease = spawn(
+    resolve(fixturePath),
+    ["volume-root-append-lease", volumeRoot],
+    { stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"], windowsHide: true },
+  );
+  const lines = createInterface({ input: lease.stdout });
+  let leaseStderr = "";
+  lease.stderr.setEncoding("utf8");
+  lease.stderr.on("data", (chunk) => {
+    if (leaseStderr.length < 8192) leaseStderr += chunk;
+  });
+
+  const closed = once(lease, "close").then(([code, signal]) => ({
+    code,
+    signal,
+  }));
+  const leaseLine = once(lines, "line").then(([line]) => ({ line }));
+  const leaseError = once(lease, "error").then(([error]) => {
+    throw error;
+  });
+  let verificationFailure;
+  try {
+    const ready = await withDeadline(
+      Promise.race([leaseLine, closed, leaseError]),
+      10_000,
+      "Volume-root append lease readiness",
+    );
+    assert.equal(
+      "line" in ready,
+      true,
+      `Volume-root append lease exited before readiness (code ${ready.code}, signal ${ready.signal}): ${leaseStderr}`,
+    );
+    const observation = JSON.parse(ready.line);
+    assert.equal(
+      observation.writeAccessGranted,
+      true,
+      `Windows test token cannot hold FILE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY on ${volumeRoot} (Win32 ${observation.win32Code}).`,
+    );
+    await verifyAdmission();
+  } catch (error) {
+    verificationFailure = error;
+  }
+
+  lines.close();
+  if (
+    lease.exitCode === null &&
+    lease.signalCode === null &&
+    !lease.stdin.destroyed
+  )
+    lease.stdin.end("x");
+
+  let releaseFailure;
+  try {
+    const result = await withDeadline(
+      closed,
+      10_000,
+      "Volume-root append lease release",
+    ).catch(async (error) => {
+      lease.kill();
+      try {
+        return await withDeadline(
+          closed,
+          5_000,
+          "Volume-root append lease termination",
+        );
+      } catch (terminationError) {
+        throw new AggregateError(
+          [error, terminationError],
+          `Volume-root append lease could not be released: ${leaseStderr}`,
+        );
+      }
+    });
+    assert.equal(
+      result.code,
+      0,
+      `Volume-root append lease exited with code ${result.code}, signal ${result.signal}: ${leaseStderr}`,
+    );
+  } catch (error) {
+    releaseFailure = error;
+  }
+
+  if (verificationFailure !== undefined && releaseFailure !== undefined)
+    throw new AggregateError(
+      [verificationFailure, releaseFailure],
+      "Volume-root append lease verification and cleanup both failed.",
+    );
+  if (verificationFailure !== undefined) throw verificationFailure;
+  if (releaseFailure !== undefined) throw releaseFailure;
+}
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ process.env.REA_PACKAGE_VERSION = packageJson.version;
 const isMcpMode =
  args.length === 1 && (args[0] === "--mcp" || args[0] === "mcp");
 const isMcpDoctorMode = args[0] === "mcp" && args[1] === "doctor";
+/** Exit status of a writer terminated by SIGPIPE (128 + 13). */
+const SIGPIPE_EXIT_STATUS = 141;
+// Set once the reader of CLI output has closed the pipe.
+let stdoutClosed = false;
 const packageRoot = resolve(dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), "..");

 // Windows home lookup throws for an empty USERPROFILE. Dependencies resolve
@@ -55,13 +59,14 @@ if (!(await compiledRuntimeExists(runtimeFiles))) {
  const { runEntrypoint } = await import("../dist/mcp/main.js");
  await runEntrypoint();
 } else if (isMcpDoctorMode) {
+  guardClosedStdout();
  const { runProductionMcpDoctorCli } =
    await import("../dist/cli-runtime/mcpDoctor.js");
  const result = await runProductionMcpDoctorCli(args.slice(2), {
    dispatcherPath: fileURLToPath(import.meta.url),
    packageRoot,
  });
-  process.stdout.write(result.output);
+  writeStdout(result.output);
  process.exitCode = result.exitCode;
 } else {
  const { cliConfigurationError, createCli } =
@@ -69,36 +74,64 @@ if (!(await compiledRuntimeExists(runtimeFiles))) {
  const { createCliResultOutput } =
    await import("../dist/cli-runtime/cliResultOutput.js");
  const {
+    normalizeCliOutputArguments,
    renderCliOutputArgumentError,
    renderEmptyFilteredCliOutput,
    validateCliOutputArguments,
  } = await import("../dist/cli-runtime/cliOutput.js");
-  const outputArguments = validateCliOutputArguments(args);
+  guardClosedStdout();
+  const cliArgs = normalizeCliOutputArguments(args);
+  const outputArguments = validateCliOutputArguments(cliArgs);
  const configurationError = cliConfigurationError(process.env);
  if (configurationError !== undefined) {
    process.stderr.write(`${configurationError}\n`);
    process.exitCode = 1;
  } else if (!outputArguments.ok) {
-    process.stdout.write(renderCliOutputArgumentError(outputArguments));
+    writeStdout(renderCliOutputArgumentError(outputArguments));
    process.exitCode = 1;
  } else {
    let wroteOutput = false;
-    const resultOutput = createCliResultOutput(args, process.stdout);
-    await createCli(process.env, resultOutput).serve(args, {
+    const resultOutput = createCliResultOutput(cliArgs, process.stdout);
+    await createCli(process.env, resultOutput).serve(cliArgs, {
      stdout: (output) => {
        if (resultOutput?.handled) {
-          if (resultOutput.failed) process.stderr.write(output);
+          if (resultOutput.failed && !stdoutClosed)
+            process.stderr.write(output);
          return;
        }
        if (output.length > 0) wroteOutput = true;
-        process.stdout.write(output);
+        writeStdout(output);
      },
+      // A command failure caused by the closed pipe keeps the pipe's status.
+      exit: (code) => process.exit(stdoutClosed ? SIGPIPE_EXIT_STATUS : code),
    });
    if (!wroteOutput && !resultOutput?.handled)
-      process.stdout.write(renderEmptyFilteredCliOutput(args) ?? "");
+      writeStdout(renderEmptyFilteredCliOutput(cliArgs) ?? "");
  }
 }

+/**
+ * A reader that closes the pipe early, as `rea ... | head` does, has declined
+ * the rest of the output. Stop writing without reporting a failure, and exit
+ * with the status a SIGPIPE-terminated writer reports. MCP stdio keeps its own
+ * client lifecycle.
+ */
+function guardClosedStdout() {
+  process.stdout.on("error", (cause) => {
+    if (cause?.code === "EPIPE") {
+      stdoutClosed = true;
+      process.exitCode = SIGPIPE_EXIT_STATUS;
+      return;
+    }
+    // Other failures stay unhandled unless a pending JSON write reports them.
+    if (process.stdout.listenerCount("error") === 1) throw cause;
+  });
+}
+
+function writeStdout(output) {
+  if (!stdoutClosed) process.stdout.write(output);
+}
+
 async function compiledRuntimeExists(paths) {
  for (const path of paths) {
    try {
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import { promisify } from "node:util";

 import { completeVerifierRun, createVerifierRun } from "./lib/verifier-run.mjs";
 import { assertCleanLinuxHopperRuntime } from "./lib/clean-linux-hopper-runtime.mjs";
+import { isUnsupportedHopperLaunchFailure } from "./verify-package-platform.mjs";

 const execFileAsync = promisify(execFile);
 const verifierRun = createVerifierRun();
@@ -89,16 +90,24 @@ try {
  await appendFile(modifiedHopper, new Uint8Array([0]));
  await chmod(modifiedHopper, 0o700);
  try {
-    await execFileAsync(command, ["analyze", "/usr/bin/true"], {
-      env: { ...process.env, HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH: modifiedHopper },
-      timeout: 30_000,
-    });
+    await execFileAsync(
+      command,
+      ["analyze", "/usr/bin/true", "--provider", "hopper", "--json"],
+      {
+        env: { ...process.env, HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH: modifiedHopper },
+        timeout: 30_000,
+      },
+    );
    throw new Error("modified Hopper build was not rejected");
  } catch (error) {
-    const output = `${error?.stdout ?? ""}\n${error?.stderr ?? ""}`;
-    if (!output.includes("unsupported_hopper_build"))
+    if (
+      error?.code !== 1 ||
+      typeof error.stdout !== "string" ||
+      !isUnsupportedHopperLaunchFailure(JSON.parse(error.stdout))
+    )
      throw new Error(
        "modified Hopper build did not return its stable failure code",
+        { cause: error },
      );
  }
 } finally {
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { chmod, mkdir, symlink, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { join } from "node:path";
+import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url";
 import { supportedClients } from "../dist/application/SupportedClients.js";

 /** Create an isolated prefix, fake PATH, client configs, and environment. */
@@ -121,6 +122,14 @@ export const packageHopperEnvironment = (root, platform = process.platform) => {
    };
  return {
    HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH: "/bin/sh",
+    // Feed availability must not turn this foreign-launcher rejection test into
+    // an unrelated networking failure. Successful vendor verification is real E2E coverage.
+    NODE_OPTIONS: [
+      process.env.NODE_OPTIONS,
+      `--import=${pathToFileURL(join(root, "tests/fixtures/hopperRejectionFeed.mjs")).href}`,
+    ]
+      .filter(Boolean)
+      .join(" "),
    HOPPER_LOADER_ARGS_JSON: JSON.stringify([
      "-c",
      'node_path=$1; shift; "$node_path" "$@"',
@@ -88,14 +88,29 @@ export async function verifyPackagePlatform({
  }
 }

-/** Require the declared unsupported build or an exact missing-Xvfb diagnostic, never arbitrary provider failure. */
+/** One owner for unsupported-launch evidence across package and real-Hopper verification. */
+export const isUnsupportedHopperLaunchFailure = (failure) => {
+  const details = failure?.details;
+  const unsupportedBuild =
+    details?.failure_code === "unsupported_hopper_build" &&
+    details.exit_code === 72;
+  const publisherRejection =
+    details?.stage === "launch" &&
+    details.launch_rejection?.boundary === "publisher_verification" &&
+    details.launch_rejection.reason === "unsupported_hopper_build" &&
+    details.exit_code === undefined &&
+    details.launcher === undefined;
+  return (
+    failure?.code === "provider_unavailable" &&
+    (publisherRejection || unsupportedBuild)
+  );
+};
+
+/** Require an exact pre-execution rejection, observed helper exit, or missing-Xvfb diagnostic. */
 export const assertLinuxPackageProviderFailure = (execution) => {
  const failure = json(execution.stdout);
  const details = failure?.details;
  const diagnostic = details?.diagnostics;
-  const unsupportedBuild =
-    details?.failure_code === "unsupported_hopper_build" &&
-    details.exit_code === 72;
  const missingDisplayDependency =
    details?.failure_code === "runtime_dependency_unavailable" &&
    details.exit_code === 79 &&
@@ -108,7 +123,7 @@ export const assertLinuxPackageProviderFailure = (execution) => {
  if (
    execution.status !== 1 ||
    failure?.code !== "provider_unavailable" ||
-    (!unsupportedBuild && !missingDisplayDependency)
+    (!isUnsupportedHopperLaunchFailure(failure) && !missingDisplayDependency)
  )
    throw new Error(
      `packaged Linux Hopper verification did not fail closed: ${JSON.stringify(failure)}`,
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import { parseBinaryTarget } from "../dist/application/BinaryTargetResolver.js";
 import { completeVerifierRun, createVerifierRun } from "./lib/verifier-run.mjs";
 import { resolveGhidraVerifierTimeouts } from "./lib/ghidra-verifier-timeouts.mjs";
 import { verifyGhidraCompactReferences } from "./lib/real-ghidra-compact-references.mjs";
+import { verifyGhidraBorlandSeh } from "./lib/real-ghidra-borland-seh.mjs";
 import { verifyGhidraFileOffsets } from "./lib/real-ghidra-file-offsets.mjs";
 import { verifyWindowsGhidraByteSearch } from "./lib/ghidra-windows-byte-search.mjs";

@@ -273,6 +274,10 @@ try {
        functionOperation,
        architecture === "x86",
      );
+  const borlandSeh =
+    architecture === "x86" && !dllFixture
+      ? await verifyGhidraBorlandSeh(functionObservationOperation, true)
+      : null;
  report = {
    ok: true,
    provider: { id: "ghidra", version: SUPPORTED_GHIDRA_VERSION },
@@ -289,6 +294,7 @@ try {
    byte_search: byteSearch,
    cleanup: "complete",
    compact_references: compactReferences,
+    borland_seh: borlandSeh,
    native_controls: {
      job_object: true,
      protected_dacl: true,
@@ -338,6 +344,11 @@ async function inventory(operation, parameters) {
 }

 async function functionOperation(operation, parameters) {
+  const observation = await functionObservationOperation(operation, parameters);
+  return observation.value;
+}
+
+async function functionObservationOperation(operation, parameters) {
  const input = parseGhidraFunctionInput(operation, parameters);
  if (!input.ok) throw input.error;
  const called = await client.callTool(operation, input.value);
@@ -345,7 +356,7 @@ async function functionOperation(operation, parameters) {
  const result = parseGhidraFunctionResult(operation, called.value);
  if (!result.ok) throw result.error;
  observed.add(operation);
-  return result.value.value;
+  return result.value;
 }

 function assertSession(session, targetSha256, profileDigest) {
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import {
  requireMcpOperationResult,
 } from "./lib/mcp-verifier-results.mjs";
 import { snapshotHopperRuntime } from "./lib/real-hopper-cleanup.mjs";
-import { HOPPER_TARGET_LEASE_DIRECTORY } from "../dist/hopper/HopperTargetLease.js";
+import { HOPPER_TARGET_LEASE_DIRECTORY } from "../dist/process/HopperLease.js";
 import { parseConfig } from "../dist/config/parseConfig.js";
 import {
  verifyHopperSourceBinding,
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import {
  requirePseudocode,
 } from "../dist/application/RealHopperAssertions.js";
 import { HOPPER_PROVIDER_IDENTITY } from "../dist/hopper/HopperProviderCapabilities.js";
-import { HOPPER_TARGET_LEASE_DIRECTORY } from "../dist/hopper/HopperTargetLease.js";
+import { HOPPER_TARGET_LEASE_DIRECTORY } from "../dist/process/HopperLease.js";
 import { REA_WORKFLOW_PROVIDER } from "../dist/application/InvestigationProviders.js";
 import { loadRealHopperFixtureTargets } from "./lib/real-hopper-fixture.mjs";
 import { verifyHopperStringObjects } from "./lib/real-hopper-search.mjs";
@@ -55,14 +55,29 @@ try {
    join(workspace, "dist", "windows", "WindowsNativeLoader.js"),
  ).href;
  const source = `import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import {createRequire} from 'node:module';
 import {existsSync,mkdirSync,readFileSync,readdirSync,renameSync,statSync,writeFileSync} from 'node:fs';
 import {join} from 'node:path';
 import {systemWindowsNativeAuthority} from ${JSON.stringify(loader)};
 const temp=process.env.TEMP;
-const first=systemWindowsNativeAuthority();
-assert.equal(first.available,false);
-assert.equal(first.retryable,true);
-assert.match(first.reason,/Delete owned object by handle failed.*Win32 5/s);
+const mode=process.argv[2];
+const creation=mode.startsWith('create-');
+const native=creation?createRequire(import.meta.url)(${JSON.stringify(join(workspace, "native", "windows", "build", "rea-windows-x64.node"))}):null;
+if(creation){
+ let failure;
+ try{native.call('runtime_create',[temp,'rea-native-created-'])}catch(error){failure=error}
+ assert.ok(failure instanceof Error,'runtime_create unexpectedly passed injected post-create validation failure');
+ assert.equal(failure.constraint,'Read private DACL by handle failed');
+ assert.equal(failure.win32Code,5);
+ assert.equal(failure.cleanupConstraint,'Delete owned object by handle failed');
+ assert.equal(failure.cleanupWin32Code,5);
+ assert.notEqual(failure.runtimeAllocation,'not-started');
+} else {
+ const first=systemWindowsNativeAuthority();
+ assert.equal(first.available,false);
+ assert.equal(first.retryable,true);
+ assert.match(first.reason,/Delete owned object by handle failed.*Win32 5/s);
+}
 const [name,...extra]=readdirSync(temp);assert.ok(name);assert.equal(extra.length,0);
 const path=join(temp,name);const identity=statSync(path,{bigint:true});
 // Delete sharing permits rename; ownership follows the retained NTFS handle.
@@ -73,26 +88,40 @@ assert.equal(moved.dev,identity.dev);assert.equal(moved.ino,identity.ino);
 mkdirSync(path);const replacement=statSync(path,{bigint:true});
 assert.notEqual(replacement.ino,identity.ino);
 const sentinel=join(path,'unrelated.txt');writeFileSync(sentinel,'unrelated replacement');
-if(process.argv[2]!=='teardown'){
+if(mode==='retry'){
 const second=systemWindowsNativeAuthority();assert.equal(second.available,true);
 assert.equal(existsSync(renamed),false);
 assert.deepEqual(readdirSync(temp),[name]);
 assert.equal(readFileSync(sentinel,'utf8'),'unrelated replacement');
 assert.equal(statSync(path,{bigint:true}).ino,replacement.ino);
 assert.equal(systemWindowsNativeAuthority(),second);
+} else if(mode==='create-retry') {
+ const second=native.call('runtime_create',[temp,'rea-native-created-retry-']);
+ assert.equal(existsSync(renamed),false);
+ assert.equal(readFileSync(sentinel,'utf8'),'unrelated replacement');
+ native.call('runtime_close',[second.handle]);
+ assert.equal(existsSync(second.path),false);
+ assert.equal(statSync(path,{bigint:true}).ino,replacement.ino);
 }
-console.log(JSON.stringify({mode:process.argv[2],firstFailed:true,retainedOwner:true,name,renamed,device:identity.dev.toString(),inode:identity.ino.toString(),replacementInode:replacement.ino.toString()}));
+console.log(JSON.stringify({mode,firstFailed:true,retainedOwner:true,name,renamed,device:identity.dev.toString(),inode:identity.ino.toString(),replacementInode:replacement.ino.toString()}));
 `;
  const fixture = join(workspace, "probe.mjs");
  await writeFile(fixture, source);
-  for (const mode of ["retry", "teardown"]) {
+  for (const mode of ["retry", "teardown", "create-retry", "create-teardown"]) {
    const temp = join(workspace, mode);
    await mkdir(temp);
    const child = spawnSync(process.execPath, [fixture, mode], {
      encoding: "utf8",
      timeout: 20_000,
      windowsHide: true,
-      env: { ...process.env, TEMP: temp, TMP: temp },
+      env: {
+        ...process.env,
+        TEMP: temp,
+        TMP: temp,
+        ...(mode.startsWith("create-")
+          ? { REA_NATIVE_CREATION_FAILURE: "1" }
+          : {}),
+      },
    });
    if (child.error !== undefined) throw child.error;
    assert.equal(child.status, 0, child.stderr);
@@ -119,7 +148,7 @@ console.log(JSON.stringify({mode:process.argv[2],firstFailed:true,retainedOwner:
    );
  }
  process.stdout.write(
-    `${JSON.stringify({ ok: true, controlledDispositionFailure: true, retainedOwner: true, renamedOwnerCleansChildren: true, unrelatedReplacementPreserved: true, retryRecovers: true, successfulAdmissionCached: true, environmentTeardownCleansProbe: true, issue1701HostCauseReproduced: false })}\n`,
+    `${JSON.stringify({ ok: true, inspectionPostCreateValidationFailure: true, runtimeCreatePostCreateValidationFailure: true, controlledRollbackDispositionFailure: true, retainedOwner: true, renamedOwnerCleansChildren: true, unrelatedReplacementPreserved: true, retryRecoversByInspectionAndCreation: true, successfulAdmissionCached: true, environmentTeardownCleansProbeAndCreation: true, issue1701HostCauseReproduced: false })}\n`,
  );
 } finally {
  await rm(workspace, { recursive: true, force: true });
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import { dirname, join, parse, resolve } from "node:path";
 import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url";
 import { verifyWindowsProtocolInput } from "./lib/windows-protocol-input.mjs";
 import { verifyWindowsJobMemoryLimit } from "./lib/windows-job-memory-limit.mjs";
+import { verifyVolumeRootAppendLease } from "./lib/windows-volume-root-append-lease.mjs";

 if (process.platform !== "win32")
  throw new Error(
@@ -47,6 +48,13 @@ const { PrivateRuntimeRootUnavailableError } = await import(
  )
 );
 const workspace = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "rea-native-conformance-"));
+// A pwsh caller can supply module paths incompatible with Windows PowerShell.
+// Each independent observer must discover its own module path.
+const windowsPowerShellEnvironment = Object.fromEntries(
+  Object.entries(process.env).filter(
+    ([name]) => name.toLowerCase() !== "psmodulepath",
+  ),
+);
 const environment = Object.entries(process.env)
  .filter(([, value]) => value !== undefined)
  .map(([key, value]) => `${key}=${value}`);
@@ -251,6 +259,17 @@ process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({executable:basename(process.execPath),abiVe
  }
  const unrelatedFile = join(workspace, "unrelated-file");
  await writeFile(unrelatedFile, "preserve unrelated writes");
+  if (process.argv[3] !== undefined) {
+    await verifyVolumeRootAppendLease({
+      fixturePath: process.argv[3],
+      volumeRoot: parse(source).root,
+      verifyAdmission: () => {
+        const rootGuard = native.call("open", [source]);
+        native.call("close", [rootGuard.handle]);
+      },
+    });
+    report.controls.volumeRootAdmissionWithAppendHandle = true;
+  }
  const admitted = native.call("open", [source]);
  try {
    await assert.rejects(
@@ -297,6 +316,7 @@ process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({executable:basename(process.execPath),abiVe
  ]);
  const sentinel = join(sourceDirectory, "sentinel");
  await writeFile(sentinel, "preserve");
+  const runtimeVerificationErrors = [];
  try {
    const acl = JSON.parse(
      execFileSync(
@@ -305,18 +325,13 @@ process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({executable:basename(process.execPath),abiVe
          "-NoProfile",
          "-NonInteractive",
          "-Command",
-          "$a=Get-Acl -LiteralPath $env:REA_TEST_PRIVATE_RUNTIME_PATH; $u=[Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().User; @{protected=$a.AreAccessRulesProtected; ownerMatchesUser=($a.GetOwner([Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]).Value -eq $u.Value); trusteesOnlyUserAndSystem=(@($a.GetAccessRules($true,$true,[Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]) | Where-Object {$_.IdentityReference.Value -ne $u.Value -and $_.IdentityReference.Value -ne 'S-1-5-18'}).Count -eq 0); count=@($a.Access).Count} | ConvertTo-Json -Compress",
+          "$ErrorActionPreference='Stop'; $p=$env:REA_TEST_PRIVATE_RUNTIME_PATH; $a=Get-Acl -LiteralPath $p; $u=[Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().User; [IO.File]::SetAttributes($p,[IO.FileAttributes]([int][IO.File]::GetAttributes($p) -bor 1)); @{protected=$a.AreAccessRulesProtected; ownerMatchesUser=($a.GetOwner([Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]).Value -eq $u.Value); trusteesOnlyUserAndSystem=(@($a.GetAccessRules($true,$true,[Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]) | Where-Object {$_.IdentityReference.Value -ne $u.Value -and $_.IdentityReference.Value -ne 'S-1-5-18'}).Count -eq 0); count=@($a.Access).Count; rootReadonly=(([int][IO.File]::GetAttributes($p) -band 1) -ne 0)} | ConvertTo-Json -Compress",
        ],
        {
          encoding: "utf8",
-          // A pwsh caller can supply module paths incompatible with the
-          // Windows PowerShell observer. Let that observer build its own path.
+          timeout: 15_000,
          env: {
-            ...Object.fromEntries(
-              Object.entries(process.env).filter(
-                ([name]) => name.toLowerCase() !== "psmodulepath",
-              ),
-            ),
+            ...windowsPowerShellEnvironment,
            REA_TEST_PRIVATE_RUNTIME_PATH: runtime.path,
          },
        },
@@ -327,6 +342,7 @@ process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({executable:basename(process.execPath),abiVe
      ownerMatchesUser: true,
      trusteesOnlyUserAndSystem: true,
      count: 2,
+      rootReadonly: true,
    });
    native.call("runtime_mkdir", [runtime.handle, "inputs"]);
    native.call("runtime_write", [
@@ -472,7 +488,10 @@ process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({executable:basename(process.execPath),abiVe
        {
          encoding: "utf8",
          timeout: 15_000,
-          env: { ...process.env, REA_SNAPSHOT_READER_PATH: snapshotPath },
+          env: {
+            ...windowsPowerShellEnvironment,
+            REA_SNAPSHOT_READER_PATH: snapshotPath,
+          },
        },
      ).trim();
      assert.equal(readerDigest, readbackSnapshot.sha256);
@@ -562,12 +581,52 @@ process.stdout.write(JSON.stringify({executable:basename(process.execPath),abiVe
      asynchronousSnapshot: true,
      snapshotCancellation: true,
    };
-  } finally {
-    native.call("runtime_close", [runtime.handle]);
+    const readonlyChildren = JSON.parse(
+      execFileSync(
+        "powershell.exe",
+        [
+          "-NoProfile",
+          "-NonInteractive",
+          "-Command",
+          "$ErrorActionPreference='Stop'; $items=ConvertFrom-Json -InputObject $env:REA_TEST_READONLY_CHILDREN; @($items | ForEach-Object { $current=[int][IO.File]::GetAttributes($_); $next=if(($current -band 16) -ne 0){$current -bor 1}else{1}; [IO.File]::SetAttributes($_,[IO.FileAttributes]$next); $a=[int][IO.File]::GetAttributes($_); @{readonly=(($a -band 1) -ne 0); directory=(($a -band 16) -ne 0); onlyReadonly=($a -eq 1)} }) | ConvertTo-Json -Compress",
+        ],
+        {
+          encoding: "utf8",
+          timeout: 15_000,
+          env: {
+            ...windowsPowerShellEnvironment,
+            REA_TEST_READONLY_CHILDREN: JSON.stringify([
+              join(runtime.path, "inputs"),
+              join(runtime.path, "inputs", "target.bin"),
+            ]),
+          },
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+    assert.deepEqual(readonlyChildren, [
+      { readonly: true, directory: true, onlyReadonly: false },
+      { readonly: true, directory: false, onlyReadonly: true },
+    ]);
+  } catch (failure) {
+    runtimeVerificationErrors.push(failure);
  }
+  try {
+    native.call("runtime_close", [runtime.handle]);
+  } catch (cleanupFailure) {
+    runtimeVerificationErrors.push(cleanupFailure);
+  }
+  if (runtimeVerificationErrors.length === 1)
+    throw runtimeVerificationErrors[0];
+  if (runtimeVerificationErrors.length > 1)
+    throw new AggregateError(
+      runtimeVerificationErrors,
+      "Native runtime verification and cleanup failed",
+    );
  assert.equal(await exists(runtime.path), false);
  assert.equal(await readFile(sentinel, "utf8"), "preserve");
  report.controls.cleanupDoesNotTraverseJunctions = true;
+  report.controls.readonlyRootAndChildrenRemoved = true;
+  report.controls.readonlyFileWithoutArchiveAttributeRemoved = true;
  const fixture = join(workspace, "tree.mjs");
  await writeFile(
    fixture,
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ it("projects package details from dumpsys package output", async () => {
  });
  expect(result).toMatchObject({
    version_name: "1.2.3",
-    version_code: 45,
+    version_code: "45",
    first_install_time: "2026-01-02 03:04:05",
    last_update_time: "2026-02-03 04:05:06",
    installer_package_name: "com.android.vending",
@@ -719,6 +719,30 @@ it("projects package details from dumpsys package output", async () => {
  });
 });

+// PackageInfo.getLongVersionCode() combines versionCodeMajor and versionCode
+// into a signed 64-bit long, which JSON numbers cannot hold exactly.
+it.each(["9007199254740993", "-4294967296"])(
+  "keeps the long version code %s exactly as dumpsys prints it",
+  async (versionCode) => {
+    const { binary } = await writeAdbStub(
+      shellStub({
+        "dumpsys:package": `Packages:
+  Package [com.example] (abcdef):
+    versionCode=${versionCode} minSdk=24 targetSdk=34
+`,
+      }),
+    );
+    const result = await evidenceResult(providerOver(binary), {
+      operation: "inspect_adb_package",
+      input: { serial: "emulator-5554", package: "com.example" },
+    });
+    expect(result).toMatchObject({
+      version_code: versionCode,
+      coverage: "complete",
+    });
+  },
+);
+
 // Android 10 and 11 append ": restricted=true" to hard- and soft-restricted
 // entries of the requested-permissions list (Settings.dumpPackageLPr).
 it("counts requested permissions that the device marks as restricted", async () => {
@@ -193,7 +193,8 @@ export const parseWindowFocusOutput = (

 export interface AdbPackageDetails {
  readonly versionName: string | null;
-  readonly versionCode: number | null;
+  /** Signed 64-bit long version code exactly as Package Manager prints it. */
+  readonly versionCode: string | null;
  readonly firstInstallTime: string | null;
  readonly lastUpdateTime: string | null;
  readonly installerPackageName: string | null;
@@ -214,7 +215,7 @@ export const parseDumpsysPackageOutput = (
 ): AdbPackageDetails => {
  const details: {
    versionName: string | null;
-    versionCode: number | null;
+    versionCode: string | null;
    firstInstallTime: string | null;
    lastUpdateTime: string | null;
    installerPackageName: string | null;
@@ -252,8 +253,8 @@ export const parseDumpsysPackageOutput = (
    if (key === "versionName" && details.versionName === null)
      details.versionName = value === "" ? null : value;
    else if (key === "versionCode" && details.versionCode === null) {
-      const parsed = /^(\d+)/u.exec(value);
-      if (parsed !== null) details.versionCode = Number(parsed[1]!);
+      const parsed = /^(-?\d+)/u.exec(value);
+      if (parsed !== null) details.versionCode = parsed[1]!;
    } else if (key === "firstInstallTime" && details.firstInstallTime === null)
      details.firstInstallTime = value === "" ? null : value;
    else if (key === "lastUpdateTime" && details.lastUpdateTime === null)
@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@ import { snapshotEnvironment } from "../process/snapshotEnvironment.js";
 import { ABORTED, waitForAbortable } from "../process/AbortablePromise.js";
 import { ProviderStartupDeadline } from "../process/ProviderDeadline.js";

+import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
 import {
-  execFileOutput,
-  execFileOutputFailure,
-} from "../process/ExecFileOutput.js";
+  OwnedCommandFailure,
+  runOwnedCommand,
+} from "../process/OwnedCommand.js";
+import type { ProviderProcessSupervisor } from "../process/ProviderProcess.js";
 import type { ProviderAvailability } from "../application/AnalysisProvider.js";
 import type { ProviderRejectionCode } from "../contracts/providerSelection.js";
 import type { JsonValue } from "../domain/jsonValue.js";
@@ -152,14 +154,23 @@ export type ApktoolConfigurationFailureCode =
  | "version_unresolved"
  | "unsupported_version";

+/** Unresolved cleanup of a launched probe; its owner was retained separately. */
+export interface ApktoolProbeCleanup {
+  readonly reason: string;
+  readonly resources: readonly string[];
+}
+
 export class ApktoolConfigurationFailure extends Error {
+  readonly cleanup: ApktoolProbeCleanup | undefined;
+
  constructor(
    readonly code: ApktoolConfigurationFailureCode,
    message: string,
    readonly diagnostics: Readonly<Record<string, JsonValue>> = {},
-    options?: ErrorOptions,
+    options?: ErrorOptions & { readonly cleanup?: ApktoolProbeCleanup },
  ) {
    super(message, options);
+    this.cleanup = options?.cleanup;
  }
 }

@@ -228,6 +239,7 @@ export const inspectApktoolClient = async (
  signal?: AbortSignal,
  environment: Readonly<Record<string, string | undefined>> = process.env,
  platform: NodeJS.Platform = process.platform,
+  onCleanupOwner?: (owner: ProviderProcessSupervisor) => void,
 ): Promise<ApktoolClientIdentity> => {
  const hostEnvironment = snapshotEnvironment(environment, platform);
  let invocation: ApktoolInvocation;
@@ -254,23 +266,57 @@ export const inspectApktoolClient = async (
  let stdout: string;
  let stderr: string;
  try {
-    ({ stdout, stderr } = await execFileOutput(
-      invocation.command,
-      invocation.arguments,
+    // The owned process group stops a shell launcher's children with it; a
+    // child holding inherited output pipes cannot outlive the deadline.
+    const output = await runOwnedCommand(
      {
+        command: invocation.command,
+        arguments: invocation.arguments,
        windowsVerbatimArguments: invocation.windowsVerbatimArguments,
-        timeout: VERSION_TIMEOUT_MS,
-        stopSignal: "SIGTERM",
-        maxBuffer: VERSION_MAX_OUTPUT_BYTES,
-        env: hostEnvironment,
-        ...(signal === undefined ? {} : { signal }),
+        // Apktool launchers are commonly interpreter scripts, so ownership is
+        // proved by the run token rather than the launcher's argv prefix.
+        expectedCommand: null,
+        runId: randomUUID(),
+        hostEnvironment,
      },
-    ));
+      {
+        timeoutMs: VERSION_TIMEOUT_MS,
+        diagnosticBytes: VERSION_MAX_OUTPUT_BYTES,
+      },
+      signal === undefined ? {} : { signal },
+    );
+    stdout = output.stdout.text;
+    stderr = output.stderr.text;
  } catch (cause) {
-    const failure = execFileOutputFailure(cause);
-    if (signal?.aborted || failure?.code === "ABORT_ERR")
-      throw new AnalysisCancelledError("inspect_apktool_client", { cause });
-    if (failure?.code === "ENOENT")
+    if (
+      cause instanceof OwnedCommandFailure &&
+      cause.cleanupOwner !== undefined
+    )
+      onCleanupOwner?.(cause.cleanupOwner);
+    const cleanup =
+      cause instanceof OwnedCommandFailure && cause.cleanupFailure !== null
+        ? { reason: cause.cleanupFailure, resources: cause.resources }
+        : undefined;
+    const cleanupDetails = cleanup === undefined ? {} : { cleanup };
+    if (
+      signal?.aborted === true ||
+      (cause instanceof OwnedCommandFailure && cause.reason === "cancelled")
+    )
+      throw new AnalysisCancelledError("inspect_apktool_client", {
+        cause,
+        ...cleanupDetails,
+      });
+    if (cause instanceof OwnedCommandFailure && cause.reason === "timeout")
+      throw new AnalysisTimeoutError(
+        "inspect_apktool_client",
+        VERSION_TIMEOUT_MS,
+        { cause, ...cleanupDetails },
+      );
+    if (
+      cause instanceof Error &&
+      "code" in cause &&
+      (cause.code === "ENOENT" || cause.code === "EACCES")
+    )
      throw new ApktoolConfigurationFailure(
        "command_missing",
        `The selected apktool launcher was not found: ${selection.command}`,
@@ -281,19 +327,25 @@ export const inspectApktoolClient = async (
        },
        { cause },
      );
+    const snapshot =
+      cause instanceof OwnedCommandFailure ? cause.snapshot : null;
    throw new ApktoolConfigurationFailure(
      "version_unresolved",
      "The selected apktool launcher did not report a usable version",
      {
        selected_command: selection.command,
-        ...(failure === undefined
+        ...(snapshot === null
          ? {}
          : {
-              exit_code: failure.code,
-              stderr_excerpt: failure.stderr.slice(0, 512),
+              exit_code: snapshot.exitCode ?? null,
+              stderr_excerpt: snapshot.stderr.text.slice(0, 512),
            }),
+        ...(cause instanceof OwnedCommandFailure &&
+        cause.reason === "output-limit"
+          ? { max_output_bytes: VERSION_MAX_OUTPUT_BYTES }
+          : {}),
      },
-      { cause },
+      { cause, ...cleanupDetails },
    );
  }
  const identity = parseApktoolVersionOutput(stdout);
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ import { WindowsBatchCommandError } from "../process/WindowsBatchCommand.js";
 import {
  APKTOOL_COMMAND_ENV,
  ApktoolConfigurationFailure,
+  type ApktoolProbeCleanup,
  apktoolConfigurationAvailability,
  apktoolInvocation,
  inspectApktoolClient,
@@ -148,6 +149,19 @@ interface DecodeLimits {
  readonly maxOutputBytes: number;
 }

+/** A probe whose launched processes could not be confirmed stopped. */
+const probeCleanupFailure = (
+  operation: string,
+  failure: ApktoolConfigurationFailure,
+  cleanup: ApktoolProbeCleanup,
+): ProviderCleanupError =>
+  new ProviderCleanupError(
+    APKTOOL_PROVIDER_IDENTITY.id,
+    cleanup.resources,
+    { reason: cleanup.reason, probe_failure: failure.message },
+    { operation, cause: failure },
+  );
+
 const runApktool = async (
  operation: string,
  selection: ApktoolCommandSelection,
@@ -180,6 +194,9 @@ const runApktool = async (
        command: invocation.command,
        arguments: invocation.arguments,
        windowsVerbatimArguments: invocation.windowsVerbatimArguments,
+        // Apktool launchers are commonly interpreter scripts, so ownership is
+        // proved by the run token rather than the launcher's argv prefix.
+        expectedCommand: null,
        runId: randomUUID(),
        hostEnvironment: environment,
      },
@@ -328,6 +345,10 @@ export class ApktoolProvider {
  private readonly workspaces = new Set<string>();
  private readonly removeWorkspace: (path: string) => Promise<void>;
  readonly #pendingCommandOwners = new Map<ProviderProcessSupervisor, string>();
+  /** A version probe whose cleanup is unresolved is retried on close. */
+  readonly #retainProbeOwner = (owner: ProviderProcessSupervisor): void => {
+    this.#pendingCommandOwners.set(owner, "apktool version probe");
+  };
  readonly #shutdown = new AbortController();
  readonly #active = new Set<Promise<void>>();
  #closing = false;
@@ -378,7 +399,13 @@ export class ApktoolProvider {
        process.platform,
        signal,
      );
-      await inspectApktoolClient(selection, signal, environment);
+      await inspectApktoolClient(
+        selection,
+        signal,
+        environment,
+        process.platform,
+        this.#retainProbeOwner,
+      );
      throwIfCancelled("inspect_apktool_client", signal);
      return {
        status: "available",
@@ -390,8 +417,15 @@ export class ApktoolProvider {
        },
      };
    } catch (cause) {
-      if (cause instanceof ApktoolConfigurationFailure)
+      if (cause instanceof ApktoolConfigurationFailure) {
+        if (cause.cleanup !== undefined)
+          throw probeCleanupFailure(
+            "inspect_apktool_client",
+            cause,
+            cause.cleanup,
+          );
        return apktoolConfigurationAvailability(cause);
+      }
      throw cause;
    }
  }
@@ -437,7 +471,13 @@ export class ApktoolProvider {
        process.platform,
        signal,
      );
-      identity = await inspectApktoolClient(selection, signal, environment);
+      identity = await inspectApktoolClient(
+        selection,
+        signal,
+        environment,
+        process.platform,
+        this.#retainProbeOwner,
+      );
    } catch (cause) {
      if (
        cause instanceof AnalysisCancelledError ||
@@ -445,6 +485,10 @@ export class ApktoolProvider {
      )
        return err(cause);
      if (cause instanceof ApktoolConfigurationFailure) {
+        if (cause.cleanup !== undefined)
+          return err(
+            probeCleanupFailure(request.operation, cause, cause.cleanup),
+          );
        return err(
          providerConfigurationRefusal(
            APKTOOL_PROVIDER_IDENTITY.id,
@@ -497,12 +541,14 @@ export class ApktoolProvider {
  async #drainAndClean(): Promise<void> {
    await Promise.all(this.#active);
    const failures: unknown[] = [];
+    const retained: string[] = [];
    for (const [owner, root] of this.#pendingCommandOwners) {
      try {
        const stopped = await owner.stop();
        if (stopped.status === "incomplete") throw new Error(stopped.reason);
        this.#pendingCommandOwners.delete(owner);
      } catch (cause) {
+        retained.push(root);
        failures.push(
          new Error(
            `apktool process cleanup remains incomplete for ${root}: ${cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause)}`,
@@ -511,8 +557,23 @@ export class ApktoolProvider {
        );
      }
    }
+    // Ownership stays retained for a later close; report it as typed cleanup.
    if (failures.length > 0)
-      throw new AggregateError(failures, "Apktool process cleanup failed");
+      throw new ProviderCleanupError(
+        APKTOOL_PROVIDER_IDENTITY.id,
+        retained,
+        {
+          reason: failures
+            .map((failure) =>
+              failure instanceof Error ? failure.message : String(failure),
+            )
+            .join("; "),
+        },
+        {
+          operation: "close",
+          cause: new AggregateError(failures, "Apktool process cleanup failed"),
+        },
+      );
    for (const path of this.workspaces) {
      try {
        await this.removeWorkspace(path);
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import { execFile } from "node:child_process";
+import { chmod, readFile, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { join } from "node:path";
+import { setTimeout as delay } from "node:timers/promises";
+import { promisify } from "node:util";
+import { expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import { AnalysisCancelledError } from "../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
+import { createTestTempDirectory } from "../../tests/fixtures/temporaryDirectory.js";
+import { inspectApktoolClient } from "./ApktoolConfiguration.js";
+
+/**
+ * Only an exited process counts as stopped: it is gone, a zombie waiting to
+ * be reaped, or absent from `ps`. A failed inspection is not proof of exit.
+ */
+const alive = async (pid: number): Promise<boolean> => {
+  try {
+    process.kill(pid, 0);
+  } catch (cause: unknown) {
+    if ((cause as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === "ESRCH") return false;
+    return true;
+  }
+  return promisify(execFile)("ps", ["-o", "stat=", "-p", `${pid}`]).then(
+    ({ stdout }) => {
+      const state = stdout.trim();
+      return state !== "" && !state.startsWith("Z");
+    },
+    // `ps` exits 1 when no process matches; any other failure is unknown.
+    (cause: unknown) => (cause as { code?: unknown }).code !== 1,
+  );
+};
+
+const waitFor = async (check: () => Promise<boolean>, ms: number) => {
+  const deadline = Date.now() + ms;
+  while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+    if (await check()) return true;
+    await delay(25);
+  }
+  return false;
+};
+
+const readPids = async (path: string): Promise<readonly number[]> =>
+  readFile(path, "utf8")
+    .then((text) => JSON.parse(text) as number[])
+    .catch(() => []);
+
+// The interpreter is the test runtime itself, so its environment (and the
+// ownership run token) is readable on both Linux and macOS.
+it.skipIf(process.platform === "win32")(
+  "stops an interpreter launcher and its pipe-holding child when the probe is cancelled",
+  async () => {
+    const root = await createTestTempDirectory("rea-apktool-probe-");
+    const pids = join(root, "pids.json");
+    const launcher = join(root, "apktool");
+    await writeFile(
+      launcher,
+      [
+        `#!${process.execPath}`,
+        'const { spawn } = require("node:child_process");',
+        'const child = spawn(process.execPath, ["-e", "setInterval(() => {}, 1000)"], { stdio: "inherit" });',
+        `require("node:fs").writeFileSync(${JSON.stringify(pids)}, JSON.stringify([process.pid, child.pid]));`,
+        "setInterval(() => {}, 1000);",
+      ].join("\n"),
+    );
+    await chmod(launcher, 0o755);
+    const controller = new AbortController();
+    const started = performance.now();
+    const probe = inspectApktoolClient(
+      { command: launcher, commandSource: "environment" },
+      controller.signal,
+      process.env,
+    ).catch((cause: unknown) => cause);
+    try {
+      expect(
+        await waitFor(async () => (await readPids(pids)).length === 2, 10_000),
+      ).toBe(true);
+      const launched = await readPids(pids);
+      controller.abort();
+      // A regressed probe never settles; bound the wait so cleanup still runs.
+      const outcome = await Promise.race([
+        probe,
+        delay(15_000).then(() => "still pending"),
+      ]);
+      expect(outcome).toBeInstanceOf(AnalysisCancelledError);
+      expect(performance.now() - started).toBeLessThan(15_000);
+      expect(
+        await waitFor(
+          async () =>
+            (await Promise.all(launched.map(alive))).every((live) => !live),
+          5_000,
+        ),
+      ).toBe(true);
+    } finally {
+      // A failed assertion must not leave the fixture's processes running.
+      controller.abort();
+      await Promise.race([probe, delay(10_000)]);
+      for (const pid of await readPids(pids))
+        if (await alive(pid))
+          try {
+            process.kill(pid, "SIGKILL");
+          } catch {
+            // Already exited between the check and the signal.
+          }
+    }
+  },
+  30_000,
+);
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+import { afterEach, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+import {
+  AnalysisCancelledError,
+  AnalysisTimeoutError,
+} from "../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
+import { projectAnalysisError } from "../domain/analysisErrorProjection.js";
+import {
+  OwnedCommandFailure,
+  runOwnedCommand,
+} from "../process/OwnedCommand.js";
+import type { ProviderProcessSupervisor } from "../process/ProviderProcess.js";
+import { ProviderCleanupError } from "../domain/providerCleanupError.js";
+import {
+  ApktoolConfigurationFailure,
+  inspectApktoolClient,
+} from "./ApktoolConfiguration.js";
+import { ApktoolProvider } from "./ApktoolProvider.js";
+
+vi.mock("../process/OwnedCommand.js", async (importOriginal) => ({
+  ...(await importOriginal<typeof import("../process/OwnedCommand.js")>()),
+  runOwnedCommand: vi.fn(),
+}));
+afterEach(() => vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockReset());
+
+const selection = {
+  command: "/opt/apktool/apktool",
+  commandSource: "environment",
+} as const;
+const owner = {} as ProviderProcessSupervisor;
+
+it("runs the version probe as an owned interpreter-script process group", async () => {
+  vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockResolvedValueOnce({
+    stdout: { text: "2.9.3\n" },
+    stderr: { text: "" },
+  } as Awaited<ReturnType<typeof runOwnedCommand>>);
+  await expect(
+    inspectApktoolClient(selection, undefined, {}, "linux"),
+  ).resolves.toEqual({ version: "2.9.3" });
+  expect(vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mock.lastCall?.[0]).toMatchObject({
+    command: "/opt/apktool/apktool",
+    arguments: ["--version"],
+    expectedCommand: null,
+  });
+  expect(vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mock.lastCall?.[1]).toEqual({
+    timeoutMs: 20_000,
+    diagnosticBytes: 64 * 1024,
+  });
+});
+
+it("reports an expired version probe as a typed timeout", async () => {
+  vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockRejectedValueOnce(
+    new OwnedCommandFailure("timeout", "Command deadline elapsed."),
+  );
+  const failure = await inspectApktoolClient(
+    selection,
+    undefined,
+    {},
+    "linux",
+  ).catch((cause: unknown) => cause);
+  expect(failure).toBeInstanceOf(AnalysisTimeoutError);
+  expect(projectAnalysisError(failure as AnalysisTimeoutError)).toMatchObject({
+    code: "provider_timeout",
+    category: "timeout",
+    details: { timeout_ms: 20_000 },
+  });
+});
+
+it("retains an unresolved probe cleanup owner and reports the cleanup", async () => {
+  vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockRejectedValueOnce(
+    new OwnedCommandFailure(
+      "timeout",
+      "Command deadline elapsed.",
+      null,
+      "cleanup incomplete",
+      undefined,
+      ["pid:1"],
+      owner,
+    ),
+  );
+  const retained: ProviderProcessSupervisor[] = [];
+  const failure = await inspectApktoolClient(
+    selection,
+    undefined,
+    {},
+    "linux",
+    (cleanupOwner) => retained.push(cleanupOwner),
+  ).catch((cause: unknown) => cause);
+  expect(failure).toBeInstanceOf(AnalysisTimeoutError);
+  expect(projectAnalysisError(failure as AnalysisTimeoutError)).toMatchObject({
+    code: "cleanup_incomplete",
+  });
+  expect(retained).toEqual([owner]);
+});
+
+it("reports a cancelled version probe as cancelled", async () => {
+  vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockRejectedValueOnce(
+    new OwnedCommandFailure("cancelled", "Command cancelled."),
+  );
+  await expect(
+    inspectApktoolClient(selection, undefined, {}, "linux"),
+  ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(AnalysisCancelledError);
+});
+
+it("keeps unresolved probe cleanup typed when the launcher overflows its output", async () => {
+  const overflow = () =>
+    new OwnedCommandFailure(
+      "output-limit",
+      "Command diagnostic output exceeded its complete-output budget.",
+      null,
+      "process group still running",
+      undefined,
+      ["pid:7", "process-group:7"],
+      owner,
+    );
+  vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockRejectedValueOnce(overflow());
+  const failure = await inspectApktoolClient(
+    selection,
+    undefined,
+    {},
+    "linux",
+  ).catch((cause: unknown) => cause);
+  expect(failure).toBeInstanceOf(ApktoolConfigurationFailure);
+  expect((failure as ApktoolConfigurationFailure).cleanup).toEqual({
+    reason: "process group still running",
+    resources: ["pid:7", "process-group:7"],
+  });
+
+  // Both provider entry points report the unresolved processes as cleanup.
+  const provider = new ApktoolProvider({
+    environment: { REA_APKTOOL_COMMAND: "/opt/apktool/apktool" },
+  });
+  vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockRejectedValueOnce(overflow());
+  await expect(provider.inspectAvailability()).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(
+    ProviderCleanupError,
+  );
+  vi.mocked(runOwnedCommand).mockRejectedValueOnce(overflow());
+  const result = await provider.execute({
+    operation: "decode_android_resources",
+    input: {},
+  } as never);
+  expect(result.ok ? null : result.error).toBeInstanceOf(ProviderCleanupError);
+  expect(result.ok ? null : projectAnalysisError(result.error)).toMatchObject({
+    code: "cleanup_incomplete",
+    details: { resources: ["pid:7", "process-group:7"] },
+  });
+});
@@ -13,6 +13,18 @@ import {
 import { PRODUCT_IDENTITY } from "../identity.js";
 import { compareUnicodeCodePoints } from "../domain/unicodeCodePointOrder.js";
 import { dshDocument } from "./DshCordisPatch.js";
+import type { McpToolTimeoutInputs } from "../mcpStartupPolicy.js";
+import type { AnalysisProviderSelector } from "../contracts/providerSelection.js";
+
+export type ProviderRequestBudgetResolver = (
+  analysisProvider: AnalysisProviderSelector,
+  environment: Readonly<Record<string, string>>,
+) => Result<number | undefined, ConfigurationError>;
+
+export interface ClientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails {
+  readonly values: Readonly<Record<string, string>>;
+  readonly timeoutInputs: McpToolTimeoutInputs;
+}

 /** Read explicit REA overrides without dropping peers when one value is invalid. */
 export const clientRegistrationEnvironment = (
@@ -22,6 +34,33 @@ export const clientRegistrationEnvironment = (
 ): Result<Readonly<Record<string, string>>, ConfigurationError> => {
  if (parsed?.dialect === "dsh")
    return dshDocument(parsed.document).environment(overrides, validation);
+  const details = clientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails(
+    parsed,
+    overrides,
+    validation,
+  );
+  return details.ok ? ok(details.value.values) : details;
+};
+
+/** Retain original strings and the parser-owned timeout facts. */
+export const clientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails = (
+  parsed: ClientConfigurationDocument | undefined,
+  overrides: Readonly<Record<string, string>> = {},
+  validation: "fragment" | "effective" = "effective",
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
+): Result<ClientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails, ConfigurationError> => {
+  if (parsed?.dialect === "dsh") {
+    const environment = dshDocument(parsed.document).environment(
+      overrides,
+      validation,
+    );
+    if (!environment.ok) return environment;
+    return validatedDetails(
+      environment.value,
+      validation,
+      resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+    );
+  }
  const key =
    parsed?.dialect === "opencode" || parsed?.dialect === "opencode_v2"
      ? "environment"
@@ -50,16 +89,45 @@ export const clientRegistrationEnvironment = (
  // Validate known settings with the runtime's parser, but retain the original
  // string overrides, including unknown client-specific keys and no defaults.
  const environment = { ...existing.data, ...overrides };
+  return validatedDetails(
+    environment,
+    validation,
+    resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+  );
+};
+
+const validatedDetails = (
+  environment: Readonly<Record<string, string>>,
+  validation: "fragment" | "effective",
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
+): Result<ClientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails, ConfigurationError> => {
  const validated =
    validation === "fragment"
      ? parseEnvironmentValues(environment)
      : parseEnvironment(environment);
  if (!validated.ok) return validated;
-  return ok(
-    Object.fromEntries(
+  const providerRequestBudget =
+    resolveProviderRequestBudget?.(
+      validated.value.REA_ANALYSIS_PROVIDER,
+      environment,
+    ) ?? ok(undefined);
+  if (!providerRequestBudget.ok) return providerRequestBudget;
+  return ok({
+    values: Object.fromEntries(
      Object.entries(environment).sort(([left], [right]) =>
        compareUnicodeCodePoints(left, right),
      ),
    ),
-  );
+    timeoutInputs: {
+      analysisProvider: validated.value.REA_ANALYSIS_PROVIDER,
+      ghidraStartupTimeoutMs: validated.value.REA_GHIDRA_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS,
+      hopperStartupTimeoutMs: validated.value.REA_HOPPER_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS,
+      ...(validated.value.REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS === undefined
+        ? {}
+        : { jebMcpTimeoutMs: validated.value.REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS }),
+      ...(providerRequestBudget.value === undefined
+        ? {}
+        : { providerRequestTimeoutMs: providerRequestBudget.value }),
+    },
+  });
 };
@@ -14,7 +14,13 @@ import { valid } from "semver";

 import { PRODUCT_IDENTITY } from "../identity.js";
 import { CURRENT_ENTRYPOINT_PATH } from "../process/CurrentEntrypointPath.js";
-import { MCP_STARTUP_POLICY } from "../mcpStartupPolicy.js";
+import {
+  MCP_STARTUP_POLICY,
+  mcpProviderDeadlineAllowanceMs,
+  recommendedMcpToolTimeoutMs,
+  recommendedMcpToolTimeoutSeconds,
+  type McpToolTimeoutInputs,
+} from "../mcpStartupPolicy.js";
 import {
  clientRegistrationPackageReference,
  classifyClientRegistrationCommand,
@@ -28,7 +34,8 @@ import {
 import type { SetupClient } from "./SupportedClients.js";
 import { compareUnicodeCodePoints } from "../domain/unicodeCodePointOrder.js";
 import { dshDocument } from "./DshCordisPatch.js";
-import { clientRegistrationEnvironment } from "./ClientRegistrationEnvironment.js";
+import { clientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails } from "./ClientRegistrationEnvironment.js";
+import type { ProviderRequestBudgetResolver } from "./ClientRegistrationEnvironment.js";
 import type { ArtifactResourceScope } from "../artifacts/ArtifactResourceScope.js";

 interface ClientRegistrationStatusBase {
@@ -36,6 +43,8 @@ interface ClientRegistrationStatusBase {
  readonly config_path: string;
  /** Exact package reference requested by npx/bunx, when registration uses one. */
  readonly package_reference?: string;
+  /** Non-blocking timeout guidance; caller-selected values remain aligned. */
+  readonly advisory?: string;
 }

 type RegistrationCommand = readonly [string, ...string[]];
@@ -74,6 +83,7 @@ const registrationSchema = z
    command: z.string().min(1),
    args: z.array(z.string()).default([]),
    startup_timeout_sec: z.number().positive().optional(),
+    tool_timeout_sec: z.number().positive().optional(),
    startupTimeoutMs: z.number().positive().optional(),
    toolTimeoutMs: z.number().positive().optional(),
    type: z.string().optional(),
@@ -89,6 +99,7 @@ interface ClientRegistrationReadOptions {
  readonly platform?: NodeJS.Platform;
  readonly environment?: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
  readonly resources?: ArtifactResourceScope;
+  readonly resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver;
 }

 /** Registration facts shared by diagnostics and update maintenance. */
@@ -217,11 +228,27 @@ export const readClientRegistrationInspections = async (
          : client;
      const registration = parseRegistration(raw, effectiveClient);
      const registrationEnvironment =
-        client.name === "kimi"
-          ? clientRegistrationEnvironment(parsed)
+        client.name === "kimi" || client.name === "codex"
+          ? clientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails(
+              parsed,
+              {},
+              "effective",
+              options.resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+            )
          : undefined;
-      if (registrationEnvironment !== undefined && !registrationEnvironment.ok)
-        throw registrationEnvironment.error;
+      if (
+        registrationEnvironment !== undefined &&
+        !registrationEnvironment.ok
+      ) {
+        record({
+          client: client.name,
+          config_path: configPath,
+          command: [],
+          state: "invalid",
+          remediation: registrationEnvironment.error.message,
+        });
+        continue;
+      }
      const command: RegistrationCommand = [
        registration.command,
        ...registration.args,
@@ -239,7 +266,7 @@ export const readClientRegistrationInspections = async (
        platform: options.platform ?? process.platform,
        kimiInputSchemaProfileSelected:
          registrationEnvironment?.ok === true &&
-          registrationEnvironment.value.REA_MCP_INPUT_SCHEMA_PROFILE !==
+          registrationEnvironment.value.values.REA_MCP_INPUT_SCHEMA_PROFILE !==
            undefined,
      });
      record(
@@ -263,6 +290,13 @@ export const readClientRegistrationInspections = async (
                ? unknownEntryPointRemediation()
                : undefined),
          packageReference,
+          registrationEnvironment?.ok === true
+            ? timeoutAdvisory(
+                client,
+                registration,
+                registrationEnvironment.value.timeoutInputs,
+              )
+            : undefined,
        ),
        activation,
      );
@@ -316,16 +350,21 @@ const registrationAligned = ({
  if (identity === "unknown") return "unknown";
  if (identity === "foreign") return "stale";
  if (
-    (client.name === "codex" || client.name === "grok_build") &&
+    client.name === "grok_build" &&
    registration.startup_timeout_sec !==
      MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.codexStartupTimeoutSeconds
  )
    return "stale";
+  if (
+    client.name === "codex" &&
+    (registration.startup_timeout_sec === undefined ||
+      registration.tool_timeout_sec === undefined)
+  )
+    return "stale";
  if (
    client.name === "kimi" &&
-    (registration.startupTimeoutMs !==
-      MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.kimiStartupTimeoutMs ||
-      registration.toolTimeoutMs !== MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.kimiToolTimeoutMs)
+    (registration.startupTimeoutMs === undefined ||
+      registration.toolTimeoutMs === undefined)
  )
    return "stale";
  if (client.name === "kimi" && !kimiInputSchemaProfileSelected) return "stale";
@@ -454,6 +493,7 @@ const configuredStatus = (
  state: "aligned" | "stale" | "unknown",
  policyRemediation?: string,
  packageReference?: string,
+  advisory?: string,
 ): ClientRegistrationStatus =>
  state === "aligned"
    ? {
@@ -465,6 +505,7 @@ const configuredStatus = (
          : { package_reference: packageReference }),
        state,
        remediation: null,
+        ...(advisory === undefined ? {} : { advisory }),
      }
    : {
        client: client.name,
@@ -477,6 +518,35 @@ const configuredStatus = (
        remediation: policyRemediation ?? remediation(client),
      };

+const timeoutAdvisory = (
+  client: SetupClient,
+  registration: z.output<typeof registrationSchema>,
+  timeoutInputs: McpToolTimeoutInputs,
+): string | undefined => {
+  const toolTimeout =
+    client.name === "kimi"
+      ? registration.toolTimeoutMs
+      : client.name === "codex"
+        ? registration.tool_timeout_sec
+        : undefined;
+  if (toolTimeout === undefined) return undefined;
+  const providerAllowance = mcpProviderDeadlineAllowanceMs(timeoutInputs);
+  const isKimi = client.name === "kimi";
+  const toolTimeoutMs = isKimi ? toolTimeout : toolTimeout * 1000;
+  if (toolTimeoutMs >= providerAllowance) return undefined;
+  const setting = isKimi ? "toolTimeoutMs" : "tool_timeout_sec";
+  const currentValue = isKimi
+    ? `${String(toolTimeout)} ms`
+    : `${String(toolTimeout)} seconds`;
+  const recommendedValue = isKimi
+    ? `${String(recommendedMcpToolTimeoutMs(timeoutInputs))} ms`
+    : `${String(recommendedMcpToolTimeoutSeconds(timeoutInputs))} seconds`;
+  const headroom = isKimi
+    ? `${String(MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.toolOperationHeadroomMs)} ms`
+    : `${String(MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.toolOperationHeadroomMs / 1000)} seconds`;
+  return `The configured ${setting} (${currentValue}) is shorter than REA's known provider allowance (${String(providerAllowance)} ms), so provider startup or an upstream request may exceed this client deadline. REA recommends ${setting} = ${recommendedValue} to cover that allowance plus ${headroom} of operation headroom; this additional headroom is a recommendation, not a guarantee for every analysis.`;
+};
+
 const exactRegisteredPackageVersion = (
  packageReference: string | undefined,
 ): string | undefined => {
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { CATALOG_IDENTITY } from "../catalogIdentity.js";
 import { PRODUCT_IDENTITY } from "../identity.js";
+import { ok } from "../domain/result.js";
 import type { DoctorHost } from "./Doctor.js";

 /** Healthy recording host for focused doctor and projection tests. */
@@ -14,7 +15,16 @@ export const createDoctorHostFixture = (
  linuxDistribution: () => Promise.resolve(undefined),
  validTarget: (path) => Promise.resolve(path.includes("Hopper")),
  executable: (path) => Promise.resolve(path.includes("Hopper")),
-  supportedLinuxHopper: () => Promise.resolve(true),
+  inspectLinuxHopper: () =>
+    Promise.resolve(
+      ok({
+        sha256: "0".repeat(64),
+        version: "fixture",
+        primaryFingerprint: "0".repeat(40),
+        signingFingerprint: "1".repeat(40),
+        source: "signed_package_cache" as const,
+      }),
+    ),
  linuxDemoRuntimeCheck: () =>
    Promise.resolve({
      name: "hopper-demo-runtime",
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { SUPPORTED_NODE_VERSION_PROSE } from "../domain/runtimeVersion.js";
 import type { ClientRegistrationStatus } from "./ClientRegistrationStatus.js";
 import { createDoctorHostFixture as host } from "./Doctor.fixture.js";
 import { runDoctor } from "./Doctor.js";
+import { err } from "../domain/result.js";
+import { HopperReleaseError } from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";

 describe("doctor runtime check", () => {
  it("reports Node 25 as unsupported", async () => {
@@ -363,6 +365,38 @@ describe("doctor scoped readiness", () => {
    );
    expect(staleSelected.healthy).toBe(false);
  });
+
+  it("keeps a caller-selected short timeout healthy and reports its advisory as informational", async () => {
+    const result = await runDoctor(
+      undefined,
+      host({
+        clientRegistrations: () =>
+          Promise.resolve([
+            {
+              client: "kimi",
+              config_path: "/home/user/.kimi-code/mcp.json",
+              command: ["/current/rea", "mcp"],
+              state: "aligned",
+              remediation: null,
+              advisory: "The configured toolTimeoutMs is shorter than startup.",
+            },
+          ]),
+      }),
+      { clients: ["kimi"] },
+    );
+
+    expect(result.healthy).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.scope_checks).toContainEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({ name: "registration:kimi", ok: true }),
+    );
+    expect(result.informational_checks).toContainEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        name: "registration_timeout:kimi",
+        ok: true,
+        detail: "The configured toolTimeoutMs is shorter than startup.",
+      }),
+    );
+  });
 });

 describe("Grok Bot readiness", () => {
@@ -585,12 +619,20 @@ describe("doctor Linux and Hopper discovery", () => {
            hopperSetupSupported: true,
          }),
        executable: (candidate) => Promise.resolve(candidate === path),
-        supportedLinuxHopper: () => Promise.resolve(false),
+        inspectLinuxHopper: () =>
+          Promise.resolve(
+            err(
+              new HopperReleaseError(
+                "unsupported_hopper_build",
+                "Unverified fixture build",
+              ),
+            ),
+          ),
      }),
    );
    expect(
      result.checks.find(({ name }) => name === "hopper-version")?.remediation,
-    ).toContain("Unset or update HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH");
+    ).toContain("Check HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH");
  });
 });

@@ -19,11 +19,14 @@ import {
  macHopperRenamedLauncherCandidates,
 } from "./MacHopperPaths.js";
 import {
-  linuxHopperBinarySupported,
+  inspectLinuxHopperLauncher,
  linuxSharedLibrariesAvailable,
  readLinuxDistribution,
  type LinuxDistribution,
 } from "./LinuxHopper.js";
+import type { Result } from "../domain/result.js";
+import type { HopperReleaseError } from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";
+import type { VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher } from "./LinuxHopperPublisher.js";
 import {
  readInstalledSkillIdentity,
  type InstalledSkillIdentity,
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@ import {
  type ClientRegistrationStatus,
  type UnhealthyClientRegistrationStatus,
 } from "./ClientRegistrationStatus.js";
+import type { ProviderRequestBudgetResolver } from "./ClientRegistrationEnvironment.js";
 import {
  collectDoctorDiagnostics,
  doctorHealthy,
@@ -100,11 +104,15 @@ export interface DoctorHost {
  /** Route-specific target admission details, when supplied by the host. */
  inspectTarget?(path: string): Promise<DoctorCheck>;
  executable(path: string): Promise<boolean>;
-  supportedLinuxHopper(path: string): Promise<boolean>;
+  inspectLinuxHopper(
+    path: string,
+  ): Promise<Result<VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher, HopperReleaseError>>;
  linuxDemoRuntimeCheck(): Promise<DoctorCheck>;
  brewHopperPath(): Promise<string | undefined>;
  manualHopperPaths(): Promise<readonly string[]>;
  providerInspections?(): Promise<readonly DoctorProviderInspection[]>;
+  /** Resolve a parsed upstream request budget from the effective client environment. */
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver;
  /** Validated provider settings preserved by setup, independent of readiness. */
  providerRegistrationEnvironment?(): Readonly<Record<string, string>>;
  installationPaths?(): Promise<readonly string[]>;
@@ -220,7 +228,11 @@ const inspectDoctor = async (
    providerInspections,
  } = await collectDoctorDiagnostics(target, host);
  const identity = await collectDoctorIdentity(host, scope);
-  const checks = [...diagnosticChecks, ...identity.checks];
+  const checks = [
+    ...diagnosticChecks,
+    ...identity.checks,
+    ...registrationAdvisoryChecks(identity.value.registrations),
+  ];
  const providers = {
    hopperAvailable:
      hopperPath !== undefined &&
@@ -252,6 +264,22 @@ const inspectDoctor = async (
  };
 };

+const registrationAdvisoryChecks = (
+  registrations: readonly ClientRegistrationStatus[],
+): readonly DoctorCheck[] =>
+  registrations.flatMap(({ client, advisory }) =>
+    advisory === undefined
+      ? []
+      : [
+          {
+            name: `registration_timeout:${client}`,
+            ok: true,
+            classification: "healthy" as const,
+            detail: advisory,
+          },
+        ],
+  );
+
 const closeDoctorHost = async (
  host: DoctorHost,
 ): Promise<string | undefined> => {
@@ -411,6 +439,7 @@ export interface SystemDoctorHostOptions {
  readonly providerRegistrationEnvironment?: () => Readonly<
    Record<string, string>
  >;
+  readonly resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver;
  readonly linuxDemoRuntimeCheck?: () => Promise<DoctorCheck>;
 }

@@ -488,7 +517,7 @@ export const systemDoctorHost = (
      ),
    linuxDemoRuntimeCheck:
      options.linuxDemoRuntimeCheck ?? uncomposedLinuxDemoRuntimeCheck,
-    supportedLinuxHopper: linuxHopperBinarySupported,
+    inspectLinuxHopper: (path) => inspectLinuxHopperLauncher(path, environment),
    async brewHopperPath() {
      return probeHomebrew(async (command) => {
        let caskroom: string;
@@ -527,6 +556,9 @@ export const systemDoctorHost = (
          providerRegistrationEnvironment:
            options.providerRegistrationEnvironment,
        }),
+    ...(options.resolveProviderRequestBudget === undefined
+      ? {}
+      : { resolveProviderRequestBudget: options.resolveProviderRequestBudget }),
    async ilspyCmdVersion(path) {
      try {
        await access(path, constants.X_OK);
@@ -579,6 +611,12 @@ export const systemDoctorHost = (
        platform,
        environment,
        resources,
+        ...(options.resolveProviderRequestBudget === undefined
+          ? {}
+          : {
+              resolveProviderRequestBudget:
+                options.resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+            }),
      }),
  };
 };
@@ -209,17 +209,34 @@ const optionalHopperVersionCheck = async (
  hopperPath: string | undefined,
 ): Promise<DoctorCheck | undefined> => {
  if (host.platform !== "linux" || hopperPath === undefined) return undefined;
-  return check(
-    "hopper-version",
-    await host.supportedLinuxHopper(hopperPath),
-    hopperPath,
-    {
-      remediation: unsupportedHopperRemediation(
-        host.configuredHopperPath === hopperPath,
-      ),
-      classification: "config_drift",
-    },
-  );
+  const inspected = await host.inspectLinuxHopper(hopperPath);
+  const buildCheck = check("hopper-version", inspected.ok, hopperPath, {
+    remediation: unsupportedHopperRemediation(
+      host.configuredHopperPath === hopperPath,
+    ),
+    classification:
+      !inspected.ok &&
+      [
+        "release_metadata",
+        "download",
+        "verification_unavailable",
+        "cancelled",
+        "cleanup_failed",
+      ].includes(inspected.error.reason)
+        ? "unknown"
+        : "config_drift",
+  });
+  return {
+    ...buildCheck,
+    details: inspected.ok
+      ? {
+          reported_release_version: inspected.value.version,
+          launcher_sha256: inspected.value.sha256,
+          primary_fingerprint: inspected.value.primaryFingerprint,
+          source: inspected.value.source,
+        }
+      : { reason: inspected.error.reason, message: inspected.error.message },
+  };
 };

 const optionalHopperDemoCheck = async (
@@ -297,8 +314,8 @@ const providerDoctorChecks = (

 const unsupportedHopperRemediation = (configured: boolean): string =>
  configured
-    ? "Unset or update HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH, install the Hopper build supported by this REA release, or update REA."
-    : "Install the Hopper build supported by this REA release, or update REA for a newer Hopper build.";
+    ? "Check HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH and its publisher verification evidence. Run rea setup to install and retain an authenticated official Hopper package for offline use."
+    : "Run rea setup to install and retain an authenticated official Hopper package for offline use.";

 const parseMajor = (version: string | undefined): number =>
  Number.parseInt(version?.split(".")[0] ?? "0", 10);
@@ -4,9 +4,23 @@ export const HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES = 100_000_000;
 /** Bound observed response bytes before retaining them, including chunked bodies. */
 export const downloadHopperPackage = async (
  url: string,
-  options: { readonly signal?: AbortSignal } = {},
+  options: {
+    readonly signal?: AbortSignal;
+    readonly maxBytes?: number;
+    readonly timeoutMs?: number;
+  } = {},
 ): Promise<{ readonly ok: boolean; readonly bytes: Uint8Array }> => {
-  const deadline = AbortSignal.timeout(120_000);
+  const timeoutMs = options.timeoutMs ?? 120_000;
+  if (!Number.isSafeInteger(timeoutMs) || timeoutMs < 1 || timeoutMs > 120_000)
+    throw new RangeError("Invalid Hopper response time budget");
+  const deadline = AbortSignal.timeout(timeoutMs);
+  const maxBytes = options.maxBytes ?? HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES;
+  if (
+    !Number.isSafeInteger(maxBytes) ||
+    maxBytes < 1 ||
+    maxBytes > HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES
+  )
+    throw new RangeError("Invalid Hopper response byte budget");
  const response = await fetch(url, {
    headers: { accept: "application/json", "user-agent": "rea-installer" },
    signal:
@@ -17,7 +31,7 @@ export const downloadHopperPackage = async (
  const refused = { ok: false, bytes: new Uint8Array() };
  if (
    !response.ok ||
-    Number(response.headers.get("content-length")) > HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES
+    Number(response.headers.get("content-length")) > maxBytes
  ) {
    await response.body?.cancel();
    return refused;
@@ -30,7 +44,7 @@ export const downloadHopperPackage = async (
    while (true) {
      const chunk = await reader.read();
      if (chunk.done) return { ok: true, bytes: Buffer.concat(chunks, bytes) };
-      if (chunk.value.byteLength > HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES - bytes) {
+      if (chunk.value.byteLength > maxBytes - bytes) {
        await reader.cancel();
        return refused;
      }
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+
+import { parseLinuxHopperReleases } from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";
+
+const release = {
+  version: "99.2.1",
+  filename:
+    "https://www.hopperapp.com:443/downloader/public/Hopper-99.2.1-Linux-demo.deb",
+  file_length: "123",
+  file_hash: "a".repeat(40),
+  main_exe_hash: "b".repeat(64),
+  signature: "AQ==",
+  public: "1",
+  beta: "0",
+  published_at: "preserved vendor field",
+};
+
+describe("Linux Hopper release feed boundary", () => {
+  it("preserves future release identity and partial platform facts", () => {
+    const parsed = parseLinuxHopperReleases({
+      "Ubuntu / Mint": release,
+      "OS X": { signature: "Sparkle DSA" },
+    });
+    expect(parsed).toMatchObject({
+      ok: true,
+      value: {
+        deb: { ok: true, value: release },
+        rpm: { ok: false },
+        arch: { ok: false },
+      },
+    });
+    if (!parsed.ok || !parsed.value.deb.ok) throw new Error("Missing release");
+    expect(parsed.value.deb.value.filename).toBe(release.filename);
+  });
+
+  it.each([
+    { signature: undefined },
+    { signature: "AQ==garbage" },
+    { main_exe_hash: "b".repeat(40) },
+    { file_length: "100000001" },
+    { file_length: "NaN" },
+    { public: "0" },
+    { beta: "1" },
+    {
+      filename:
+        "https://other.example/downloader/public/Hopper-99.2.1-Linux-demo.deb",
+    },
+    { filename: release.filename + "?token=caller" },
+    {
+      filename: release.filename.replace("https://", "https://user:password@"),
+    },
+    { filename: release.filename.replace(".deb", ".rpm") },
+    { filename: release.filename.replace("demo.deb", "full.deb") },
+  ])(
+    "rejects metadata outside the selected public package contract: %j",
+    (changes) => {
+      expect(
+        parseLinuxHopperReleases({
+          "Ubuntu / Mint": { ...release, ...changes },
+        }),
+      ).toMatchObject({
+        ok: true,
+        value: { deb: { ok: false, error: { reason: "release_metadata" } } },
+      });
+    },
+  );
+
+  it.each([null, [], "html error page"])(
+    "keeps malformed feed roots unknown",
+    (raw) => {
+      expect(parseLinuxHopperReleases(raw)).toMatchObject({
+        ok: false,
+        error: { reason: "release_metadata" },
+      });
+    },
+  );
+});
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "../domain/result.js";
+import { HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES } from "./HopperDownload.js";
+
+/** Vendor endpoints, shared by installation and existing-build inspection. */
+export const HOPPER_RELEASES_URL =
+  "https://www.hopperapp.com/include/files-api.php?request=releases&public=true";
+export const HOPPER_PUBLIC_KEY_URL =
+  "https://www.hopperapp.com/hopper-public-key.asc";
+export const HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_PREFIX =
+  "https://www.hopperapp.com:443/downloader/public/";
+
+/** Stable publisher identity; signing subkeys are admitted through this primary. */
+export const HOPPER_LINUX_PRIMARY_FINGERPRINT =
+  "7C2D73BAFAF5B9A710A69DA1A26DF815099B1BCD";
+
+export type LinuxPackageFamily = "deb" | "rpm" | "arch";
+const platforms = {
+  deb: "Ubuntu / Mint",
+  rpm: "Fedora",
+  arch: "Arch",
+} as const;
+const suffixes = { deb: ".deb", rpm: ".rpm", arch: ".pkg.tar.xz" } as const;
+
+export class HopperReleaseError extends Error {
+  readonly _tag = "HopperReleaseError";
+  constructor(
+    readonly reason:
+      | "release_metadata"
+      | "download"
+      | "integrity"
+      | "publisher_verification_failed"
+      | "verification_unavailable"
+      | "unsupported_hopper_build"
+      | "cancelled"
+      | "cleanup_failed"
+      | "cache_missing",
+    message: string,
+    options?: ErrorOptions,
+  ) {
+    super(message, options);
+    this.name = this._tag;
+  }
+}
+
+const sha256 = z.string().regex(/^[a-f0-9]{64}$/u);
+const releaseSchema = z
+  .object({
+    version: z.string().min(1),
+    filename: z.string().url(),
+    file_length: z
+      .string()
+      .regex(/^[1-9]\d*$/u)
+      .refine((text) => {
+        const count = Number(text);
+        return Number.isSafeInteger(count) && count <= HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES;
+      }),
+    file_hash: z.string().regex(/^[a-f0-9]{40}$/u),
+    main_exe_hash: sha256,
+    signature: z
+      .string()
+      .min(1)
+      .refine(
+        (text) => Buffer.from(text, "base64").toString("base64") === text,
+      ),
+    public: z.literal("1"),
+    beta: z.literal("0"),
+  })
+  .passthrough();
+
+/** Parsed once at the feed boundary; preserve the vendor's complete release row. */
+export type LinuxHopperRelease = z.infer<typeof releaseSchema>;
+export type LinuxHopperReleaseFeed = Readonly<
+  Record<LinuxPackageFamily, Result<LinuxHopperRelease, HopperReleaseError>>
+>;
+
+export const parseLinuxHopperRelease = (
+  raw: unknown,
+  family: LinuxPackageFamily,
+): Result<LinuxHopperRelease, HopperReleaseError> => {
+  const parsed = releaseSchema.safeParse(raw);
+  if (!parsed.success)
+    return err(
+      new HopperReleaseError(
+        "release_metadata",
+        "The Hopper release omitted valid package identity or signature metadata.",
+      ),
+    );
+  const url = new URL(parsed.data.filename);
+  if (
+    url.origin !== "https://www.hopperapp.com" ||
+    url.username !== "" ||
+    url.password !== "" ||
+    url.search !== "" ||
+    url.hash !== "" ||
+    !url.pathname.startsWith("/downloader/public/Hopper-") ||
+    !url.pathname.endsWith(`-Linux-demo${suffixes[family]}`)
+  )
+    return err(
+      new HopperReleaseError(
+        "release_metadata",
+        "The Hopper release is outside the official public Linux demo channel.",
+      ),
+    );
+  return ok(parsed.data);
+};
+
+export const parseLinuxHopperReleases = (
+  raw: unknown,
+): Result<LinuxHopperReleaseFeed, HopperReleaseError> => {
+  const feed = z.record(z.string(), z.unknown()).safeParse(raw);
+  if (!feed.success)
+    return err(
+      new HopperReleaseError(
+        "release_metadata",
+        "The Hopper releases response is not an object.",
+      ),
+    );
+  return ok({
+    deb: parseLinuxHopperRelease(feed.data[platforms.deb], "deb"),
+    rpm: parseLinuxHopperRelease(feed.data[platforms.rpm], "rpm"),
+    arch: parseLinuxHopperRelease(feed.data[platforms.arch], "arch"),
+  });
+};
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export const workflowAnalysisProfile = (
 ): AnalysisProfileCommitment =>
  createAnalysisProfile(REA_WORKFLOW_PROVIDER, {
    upstream_analysis_profile: upstream,
+    source_limitations: "provider-operation-caveats-v1",
    ...(operation === "binary_overview"
      ? { workflow_revision: 4 }
      : operation === "batch_decompile" ||
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import {
  formatCommandForDisplay,
  installLinuxHopper,
-  linuxHopperLauncherDigestSupported,
  linuxPackageManagerCommands,
  linuxSharedLibrariesAvailable,
  parseLinuxDistribution,
@@ -18,6 +17,12 @@ import {
  type LinuxPackageInstallFailure,
  type LinuxPackageInstallOutcome,
 } from "./LinuxHopper.js";
+import { err, ok } from "../domain/result.js";
+import {
+  HopperReleaseError,
+  type LinuxHopperRelease,
+} from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";
+import type { VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage } from "./LinuxHopperPublisher.js";

 describe("Linux package-manager command display", () => {
  it("preserves argument boundaries for paths with spaces and quotes", () => {
@@ -43,6 +48,9 @@ class RecordingLinuxHost implements LinuxHopperInstallHost {
  archiveOk = true;
  installSucceeds = true;
  cleanupFails = false;
+  signatureValid = true;
+  cacheWritable = true;
+  verifiedBeforeInstall = false;
  packageFailure: LinuxPackageInstallFailure = {
    command: "pacman -U --noconfirm /tmp/rea test/hopper.arch",
    exitCode: 1,
@@ -57,6 +65,8 @@ class RecordingLinuxHost implements LinuxHopperInstallHost {

  distribution = (): Promise<LinuxDistribution | undefined> =>
    Promise.resolve(this.distributionValue);
+  release = (family: LinuxPackageFamily) =>
+    Promise.resolve(ok(releasesFor(new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3]))[family]));
  download = (url: string): Promise<LinuxHopperDownload> => {
    this.downloads.push(url);
    return Promise.resolve({ ok: this.archiveOk, bytes: this.archive });
@@ -64,10 +74,52 @@ class RecordingLinuxHost implements LinuxHopperInstallHost {
  createTemporaryDirectory = (): Promise<string> =>
    Promise.resolve("/tmp/rea test");
  writeArchive = (): Promise<void> => Promise.resolve();
+  verifyArchive = (family: LinuxPackageFamily, release: LinuxHopperRelease) => {
+    if (
+      createHash("sha1").update(this.archive).digest("hex") !==
+      release.file_hash
+    )
+      return Promise.resolve(
+        err(new HopperReleaseError("integrity", "Fixture byte mismatch")),
+      );
+    if (!this.signatureValid)
+      return Promise.resolve(
+        err(
+          new HopperReleaseError(
+            "publisher_verification_failed",
+            "Fixture signature rejection",
+          ),
+        ),
+      );
+    this.verifiedBeforeInstall = true;
+    return Promise.resolve(
+      ok({
+        family,
+        release,
+        packageSha256: createHash("sha256").update(this.archive).digest("hex"),
+        publicKey: "fixture",
+        primaryFingerprint: "0".repeat(40),
+        signingFingerprint: "1".repeat(40),
+      }),
+    );
+  };
+  retainVerifiedArchive = (_verified: VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage) =>
+    Promise.resolve(
+      this.cacheWritable
+        ? ok(undefined)
+        : err(
+            new HopperReleaseError(
+              "verification_unavailable",
+              "Fixture cache permission rejection",
+            ),
+          ),
+    );
  installPackage = (
    family: LinuxPackageFamily,
    archive: string,
  ): Promise<LinuxPackageInstallOutcome> => {
+    if (!this.verifiedBeforeInstall)
+      throw new Error("Package manager ran before publisher verification");
    this.installed.push({ family, archive });
    const outcome: LinuxPackageInstallOutcome = this.installSucceeds
      ? { status: "installed" }
@@ -160,20 +212,6 @@ describe("Linux Hopper host classification", () => {
 });

 describe("Linux Hopper installation", () => {
-  it.each([
-    [
-      "Debian and Arch",
-      "0294ced141cc373468ee22d8343e7dac41980cb05a937994ca81c9f09afe7ded",
-    ],
-    ["RPM", "1339f9e58377442b0c6fcb0dfc3cec20d593cc557408521fad9a00dbc6b8da13"],
-  ])("accepts the pinned %s launcher build", (_, digest) => {
-    expect(linuxHopperLauncherDigestSupported(digest)).toBe(true);
-  });
-
-  it("rejects an unverified launcher build", () => {
-    expect(linuxHopperLauncherDigestSupported("0".repeat(64))).toBe(false);
-  });
-
  it.each([
    ["deb", "apt-get", ["xvfb", "xauth", "python3", "libx11-6", "libxtst6"]],
    [
@@ -239,6 +277,23 @@ describe("Linux Hopper package installation", () => {
 });

 describe("Linux Hopper installation failure classification", () => {
+  it.each([
+    ["signatureValid", "publisher_verification_failed"],
+    ["cacheWritable", "verification_unavailable"],
+  ] as const)(
+    "stops before privileged installation when %s fails",
+    async (field, reason) => {
+      const host = new RecordingLinuxHost();
+      host[field] = false;
+      expect(await installFixture(host)).toMatchObject({
+        status: "failed",
+        reason,
+        verificationFailure: { reason, message: expect.any(String) },
+      });
+      expect(host.installed).toEqual([]);
+      expect(host.cleaned).toEqual(["/tmp/rea test"]);
+    },
+  );
  it.each([
    ["unsupported host", "unsupported_host"],
    ["package request failure", "download"],
@@ -263,7 +318,7 @@ describe("Linux Hopper installation failure classification", () => {
      host.launcherStatusValue = "runtime_dependencies";
    if (scenario === "unsupported build")
      host.launcherStatusValue = "unsupported_hopper_build";
-    expect(await installFixture(host)).toEqual({
+    expect(await installFixture(host)).toMatchObject({
      status: "failed",
      reason,
      ...(scenario === "package manager failure"
@@ -363,14 +418,16 @@ describe("Linux Hopper temporary cleanup ownership", () => {

 function releasesFor(
  bytes: Uint8Array,
-): Record<
-  LinuxPackageFamily,
-  { filename: string; file_length: string; file_hash: string }
-> {
+): Record<LinuxPackageFamily, LinuxHopperRelease> {
  const release = (extension: string) => ({
-    filename: `https://www.hopperapp.com:443/downloader/public/Hopper.${extension}`,
+    version: "future-fixture",
+    filename: `https://www.hopperapp.com:443/downloader/public/Hopper-future-fixture-Linux-demo.${extension}`,
    file_length: String(bytes.byteLength),
    file_hash: createHash("sha1").update(bytes).digest("hex"),
+    main_exe_hash: "0".repeat(64),
+    signature: "AQ==",
+    public: "1" as const,
+    beta: "0" as const,
  });
  return {
    deb: release("deb"),
@@ -379,7 +436,4 @@ function releasesFor(
  };
 }

-const installFixture = (host: RecordingLinuxHost) =>
-  installLinuxHopper(host, {
-    releases: releasesFor(new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3])),
-  });
+const installFixture = (host: RecordingLinuxHost) => installLinuxHopper(host);
@@ -1,55 +1,37 @@
-import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
-import { createReadStream } from "node:fs";
 import { access, mkdtemp, readFile, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join } from "node:path";

 import { execFileBoundedOutput } from "../process/ExecFileBoundedOutput.js";
 import { execFileOutput } from "../process/ExecFileOutput.js";
+import { downloadHopperPackage } from "./HopperDownload.js";
+import { hashStableFile } from "../filesystem/StableFileHash.js";
+import { err, type Result } from "../domain/result.js";
 import {
-  downloadHopperPackage,
-  HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES,
-} from "./HopperDownload.js";
+  HOPPER_RELEASES_URL,
+  HOPPER_PUBLIC_KEY_URL,
+  HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_PREFIX,
+  HOPPER_LINUX_PRIMARY_FINGERPRINT,
+  HopperReleaseError,
+  type LinuxHopperRelease,
+  type LinuxPackageFamily,
+} from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";
+import {
+  LinuxHopperPublisher,
+  retryLinuxHopperPublisherCleanup,
+  type VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage,
+  type VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher,
+} from "./LinuxHopperPublisher.js";
+
+export type { LinuxPackageFamily } from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";

 /** Package-manager output retained per stream without stopping the command. */
 const PACKAGE_MANAGER_OUTPUT_BYTES = 64 * 1024;
-const DOWNLOAD_PREFIX = "https://www.hopperapp.com:443/downloader/public/";
-const SUPPORTED_HOPPER_SHA256 = new Set([
-  "0294ced141cc373468ee22d8343e7dac41980cb05a937994ca81c9f09afe7ded",
-  "1339f9e58377442b0c6fcb0dfc3cec20d593cc557408521fad9a00dbc6b8da13",
-]);
-interface LinuxHopperRelease {
-  readonly filename: string;
-  readonly file_length: string;
-  readonly file_hash: string;
-}
-const SUPPORTED_RELEASES: Readonly<
-  Record<LinuxPackageFamily, LinuxHopperRelease>
-> = {
-  deb: {
-    filename: `${DOWNLOAD_PREFIX}Hopper-6.4.2-Linux-demo.deb`,
-    file_length: "35755772",
-    file_hash: "e4f79dff602648a8ff4a88b773875b6bfac0dc65",
-  },
-  rpm: {
-    filename: `${DOWNLOAD_PREFIX}Hopper-6.4.2-Linux-demo.rpm`,
-    file_length: "32264475",
-    file_hash: "b9a65f2f583a386d440d4401d9140aef3bf305de",
-  },
-  arch: {
-    filename: `${DOWNLOAD_PREFIX}Hopper-6.4.2-Linux-demo.pkg.tar.xz`,
-    file_length: "29405968",
-    file_hash: "92d780b61cab38eda95dc4112dee4fbeb0920f46",
-  },
-};
-
-export type LinuxPackageFamily = "deb" | "rpm" | "arch";

 /** Exact stable external effects disclosed before a Linux Hopper installation. */
 export interface LinuxHopperInstallDisclosure {
-  readonly downloadUrl: string;
-  readonly expectedBytes: number;
-  readonly expectedSha1: string;
+  readonly networkOrigins: readonly string[];
+  readonly integrity: string;
  readonly commands: readonly string[];
 }

@@ -58,11 +40,13 @@ export const linuxHopperInstallDisclosure = (
  family: LinuxPackageFamily,
  isRoot: boolean,
 ): LinuxHopperInstallDisclosure => {
-  const release = SUPPORTED_RELEASES[family];
  return {
-    downloadUrl: release.filename,
-    expectedBytes: Number(release.file_length),
-    expectedSha1: release.file_hash,
+    networkOrigins: [
+      HOPPER_RELEASES_URL,
+      HOPPER_PUBLIC_KEY_URL,
+      HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_PREFIX,
+    ],
+    integrity: `Detached PGP signature · primary ${HOPPER_LINUX_PRIMARY_FINGERPRINT} · package byte identity and installed launcher SHA-256 from the official feed`,
    commands: linuxPackageManagerCommands(
      family,
      `<verified-hopper.${family}>`,
@@ -133,6 +117,10 @@ export type LinuxPackageInstallOutcome =
 /** External effects required to install the official Linux package. */
 export interface LinuxHopperInstallHost {
  distribution(): Promise<LinuxDistribution | undefined>;
+  release(
+    family: LinuxPackageFamily,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<Result<LinuxHopperRelease, HopperReleaseError>>;
  download(
    url: string,
    options: { readonly signal?: AbortSignal },
@@ -143,8 +131,23 @@ export interface LinuxHopperInstallHost {
    family: LinuxPackageFamily,
    archive: string,
  ): Promise<LinuxPackageInstallOutcome>;
-  launcherStatus(path: string): Promise<LinuxHopperLauncherStatus>;
+  verifyArchive(
+    family: LinuxPackageFamily,
+    release: LinuxHopperRelease,
+    archive: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<Result<VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage, HopperReleaseError>>;
+  retainVerifiedArchive(
+    verified: VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage,
+    archive: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<Result<void, HopperReleaseError>>;
+  launcherStatus(
+    path: string,
+    expectedSha256: string,
+  ): Promise<LinuxHopperLauncherStatus>;
  cleanup(path: string): Promise<void>;
+  close?(): Promise<void>;
 }

 /** Structured outcome for every expected Linux installation failure. */
@@ -163,6 +166,9 @@ export type LinuxHopperInstallResult =
        | "launcher_missing"
        | "runtime_dependencies"
        | "unsupported_hopper_build"
+        | "publisher_verification_failed"
+        | "verification_unavailable"
+        | "cleanup_failed"
        | "cancelled";
      /**
       * The failing package-manager command and its output. Present only when
@@ -170,6 +176,8 @@ export type LinuxHopperInstallResult =
       * package manager said instead of assuming an authorization problem.
       */
      readonly packageFailure?: LinuxPackageInstallFailure;
+      /** Publisher-owned failure, retained for the public setup diagnostic. */
+      readonly verificationFailure?: HopperReleaseError;
    } & { readonly cleanupFailure?: LinuxHopperTemporaryCleanupFailure });

 /** Failed removal of an owned temporary install directory. */
@@ -270,9 +278,6 @@ export const installLinuxHopper = async (
  host: LinuxHopperInstallHost = systemLinuxHopperInstallHost(process.env),
  options: {
    readonly signal?: AbortSignal;
-    readonly releases?: Readonly<
-      Record<LinuxPackageFamily, LinuxHopperRelease>
-    >;
  } = {},
 ): Promise<LinuxHopperInstallResult> => {
  if (options.signal?.aborted === true)
@@ -284,16 +289,56 @@ export const installLinuxHopper = async (
  let result: LinuxHopperInstallResult;
  try {
    result = await (async (): Promise<LinuxHopperInstallResult> => {
-      const release = (options.releases ?? SUPPORTED_RELEASES)[
-        distribution.packageFamily
-      ];
+      const selected = await host.release(
+        distribution.packageFamily,
+        options.signal,
+      );
+      if (!selected.ok)
+        return {
+          status: "failed",
+          verificationFailure: selected.error,
+          reason:
+            selected.error.reason === "cancelled"
+              ? "cancelled"
+              : "release_metadata",
+        };
+      const release = selected.value;
      const archiveDownload = await host.download(release.filename, options);
      if (!archiveDownload.ok) return { status: "failed", reason: "download" };
-      if (!packageIntegrityMatches(archiveDownload.bytes, release))
-        return { status: "failed", reason: "integrity" };
      temporary = await host.createTemporaryDirectory();
      const archive = join(temporary, `hopper.${distribution.packageFamily}`);
      await host.writeArchive(archive, archiveDownload.bytes);
+      const verified = await host.verifyArchive(
+        distribution.packageFamily,
+        release,
+        archive,
+        options.signal,
+      );
+      if (!verified.ok)
+        return {
+          status: "failed",
+          verificationFailure: verified.error,
+          reason:
+            verified.error.reason === "cache_missing"
+              ? "verification_unavailable"
+              : verified.error.reason,
+        };
+      const retained = await host.retainVerifiedArchive(
+        verified.value,
+        archive,
+        options.signal,
+      );
+      if (!retained.ok)
+        return {
+          status: "failed",
+          verificationFailure: retained.error,
+          reason:
+            retained.error.reason === "cache_missing"
+              ? "verification_unavailable"
+              : retained.error.reason,
+        };
+      if (options.signal?.aborted === true)
+        return { status: "failed", reason: "cancelled" };
      const install = await host.installPackage(
        distribution.packageFamily,
        archive,
@@ -305,7 +350,10 @@ export const installLinuxHopper = async (
          packageFailure: install.failure,
        };
      const launcherPath = "/opt/hopper/bin/Hopper";
-      const launcherStatus = await host.launcherStatus(launcherPath);
+      const launcherStatus = await host.launcherStatus(
+        launcherPath,
+        release.main_exe_hash,
+      );
      if (launcherStatus !== "ready")
        return {
          status: "failed",
@@ -360,49 +408,82 @@ export const linuxHopperLauncherCandidates = (
 /** Compose package-manager and linker checks from the selected caller environment. */
 export const systemLinuxHopperInstallHost = (
  environment: Readonly<NodeJS.ProcessEnv>,
-): LinuxHopperInstallHost => ({
-  distribution: readLinuxDistribution,
-  download: downloadHopperPackage,
-  createTemporaryDirectory: () => mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "rea-hopper-")),
-  writeArchive: (path, bytes) => writeFile(path, bytes, { mode: 0o600 }),
-  installPackage: (family, archive) =>
-    installSystemPackage(family, archive, environment),
-  async launcherStatus(path) {
-    try {
-      await access(path);
-      const linked = await execFileOutput("ldd", [path], { env: environment });
-      if (!linuxSharedLibrariesAvailable(`${linked.stdout}\n${linked.stderr}`))
-        return "runtime_dependencies";
-      return (await linuxHopperBinarySupported(path))
-        ? "ready"
-        : "unsupported_hopper_build";
-    } catch (cause: unknown) {
-      // best-effort cleanup: optional launcher probing; unreadable means missing.
-      void cause;
-      return "missing";
-    }
-  },
-  cleanup: (path) => rm(path, { recursive: true, force: true }),
-});
-
-/** Match the Linux Hopper build validated by the packaged demo-dialog adapter. */
-export const linuxHopperBinarySupported = async (
-  path: string,
-): Promise<boolean> => {
-  try {
-    const hash = createHash("sha256");
-    for await (const chunk of createReadStream(path)) hash.update(chunk);
-    return linuxHopperLauncherDigestSupported(hash.digest("hex"));
-  } catch (cause: unknown) {
-    // best-effort cleanup: optional build probing; unreadable means unsupported.
-    void cause;
-    return false;
-  }
+): LinuxHopperInstallHost => {
+  const publisher = systemLinuxHopperPublisher(environment);
+  return {
+    distribution: readLinuxDistribution,
+    release: (family, signal) => publisher.currentRelease(family, signal),
+    download: downloadHopperPackage,
+    createTemporaryDirectory: () => mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "rea-hopper-")),
+    writeArchive: (path, bytes) => writeFile(path, bytes, { mode: 0o600 }),
+    installPackage: (family, archive) =>
+      installSystemPackage(family, archive, environment),
+    verifyArchive: (family, release, archive, signal) =>
+      publisher.verifyArchive(family, release, archive, signal),
+    retainVerifiedArchive: (verified, archive, signal) =>
+      publisher.retainVerifiedArchive(verified, archive, signal),
+    async launcherStatus(path, expectedSha256) {
+      try {
+        await access(path);
+        const linked = await execFileOutput("ldd", [path], {
+          env: environment,
+        });
+        if (
+          !linuxSharedLibrariesAvailable(`${linked.stdout}\n${linked.stderr}`)
+        )
+          return "runtime_dependencies";
+        return (await hashStableFile(path)).sha256 === expectedSha256
+          ? "ready"
+          : "unsupported_hopper_build";
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        // best-effort cleanup: optional launcher probing; unreadable means missing.
+        void cause;
+        return "missing";
+      }
+    },
+    cleanup: (path) => rm(path, { recursive: true, force: true }),
+    close: async () => {
+      await publisher.close();
+      await retryLinuxHopperPublisherCleanup();
+    },
+  };
 };

-/** Match a launcher extracted from one of the pinned official Linux packages. */
-export const linuxHopperLauncherDigestSupported = (digest: string): boolean =>
-  SUPPORTED_HOPPER_SHA256.has(digest);
+export const systemLinuxHopperPublisher = (
+  environment: Readonly<NodeJS.ProcessEnv>,
+): LinuxHopperPublisher =>
+  new LinuxHopperPublisher(
+    environment,
+    async () => (await readLinuxDistribution())?.packageFamily,
+  );
+
+/** Read-only authentication; persistent package retention belongs to approved setup. */
+export const inspectLinuxHopperLauncher = async (
+  path: string,
+  environment: Readonly<NodeJS.ProcessEnv>,
+  signal?: AbortSignal,
+): Promise<Result<VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher, HopperReleaseError>> => {
+  const publisher = systemLinuxHopperPublisher(environment);
+  const result = await publisher.inspectLauncher(path, signal);
+  try {
+    await publisher.close();
+    await retryLinuxHopperPublisherCleanup();
+    return result;
+  } catch (cause: unknown) {
+    return err(
+      new HopperReleaseError(
+        "cleanup_failed",
+        "Hopper publisher verification retains incomplete cleanup.",
+        {
+          cause: new AggregateError(
+            result.ok ? [cause] : [result.error, cause],
+            "Publisher verification outcomes",
+          ),
+        },
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+};

 /** Interpret ldd output conservatively so a present but broken launcher is unhealthy. */
 export const linuxSharedLibrariesAvailable = (output: string): boolean =>
@@ -492,14 +573,6 @@ export const linuxPackageManagerCommands = (
  });
 };

-const packageIntegrityMatches = (
-  bytes: Uint8Array,
-  release: LinuxHopperRelease,
-): boolean =>
-  bytes.byteLength === Number(release.file_length) &&
-  bytes.byteLength <= HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES &&
-  createHash("sha1").update(bytes).digest("hex") === release.file_hash;
-
 const packageFamilyFor = (
  id: string,
  idLike: string | undefined,
@@ -0,0 +1,833 @@
+import { createHash, randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
+import { copyFile, lstat, mkdir, rename, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { isAbsolute, join } from "node:path";
+
+import { z } from "zod";
+import {
+  ArtifactResourceScope,
+  type ArtifactResourceOwner,
+} from "../artifacts/ArtifactResourceScope.js";
+import { ArtifactReaderFailure } from "../artifacts/ArtifactReader.js";
+import { homeDirectoryFromEnvironment } from "../config/homeDirectory.js";
+import { err, ok, type Result } from "../domain/result.js";
+import { hashStableFile } from "../filesystem/StableFileHash.js";
+import { readBoundedFileBytes } from "../process/BoundedFileBytes.js";
+import { verifyDetachedPgpSignature } from "../process/DetachedPgpSignature.js";
+import { execFileOutput } from "../process/ExecFileOutput.js";
+import { PrivateRuntimeRoot } from "../process/PrivateRuntimeRoot.js";
+import { waitForAbortableDelay } from "../process/ProviderDeadline.js";
+import {
+  acquireHopperReleaseCacheLease,
+  type HopperTargetLease,
+} from "../process/HopperLease.js";
+import {
+  downloadHopperPackage,
+  HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES,
+} from "./HopperDownload.js";
+import {
+  HOPPER_LINUX_PRIMARY_FINGERPRINT,
+  HOPPER_PUBLIC_KEY_URL,
+  HOPPER_RELEASES_URL,
+  HopperReleaseError,
+  parseLinuxHopperRelease,
+  parseLinuxHopperReleases,
+  type LinuxHopperRelease,
+  type LinuxPackageFamily,
+} from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";
+import { withRegularFile } from "./RegularFileRead.js";
+
+/** Metadata/key inspection budget, independent of the compressed package budget. */
+const RELEASE_METADATA_BYTES = 1024 * 1024;
+/** Small feed/key requests must not consume the full package-download deadline. */
+const RELEASE_METADATA_TIMEOUT_MS = 10_000;
+const cacheRecordSchema = z.object({
+  format: z.literal("rea-signed-hopper-release-v1"),
+  family: z.enum(["deb", "rpm", "arch"]),
+  release: z.unknown(),
+});
+
+export interface VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage {
+  readonly release: LinuxHopperRelease;
+  readonly family: LinuxPackageFamily;
+  readonly packageSha256: string;
+  readonly publicKey: string;
+  readonly primaryFingerprint: string;
+  readonly signingFingerprint: string;
+}
+
+export interface VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher {
+  readonly sha256: string;
+  /** Display value from release metadata; the package signature binds bytes, not this row. */
+  readonly version: string;
+  readonly primaryFingerprint: string;
+  readonly signingFingerprint: string;
+  readonly source:
+    | "signed_package_cache"
+    | "signed_vendor_release"
+    | "verified_process_cache";
+}
+
+/** Retain failed ephemeral cleanup independently of the caller's lifetime. */
+const pendingCleanup = new Set<ArtifactResourceScope>();
+/** Immutable cryptographic facts, bounded to eight packages for this process lifetime. */
+const packageProofs = new Map<
+  string,
+  Pick<VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage, "primaryFingerprint" | "signingFingerprint">
+>();
+const liveLauncherProofs = new Map<string, VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher>();
+const retainProof = <T>(cache: Map<string, T>, key: string, proof: T): void => {
+  cache.delete(key);
+  cache.set(key, proof);
+  const oldest = cache.keys().next().value;
+  if (cache.size > 8 && oldest !== undefined) cache.delete(oldest);
+};
+
+/** One owner for the selected cache location, shared with the approval plan. */
+export const linuxHopperReleaseCacheDirectory = (
+  environment: Readonly<NodeJS.ProcessEnv>,
+): Result<string, HopperReleaseError> => {
+  try {
+    const supplied = environment.XDG_CACHE_HOME || undefined;
+    if (supplied !== undefined && !isAbsolute(supplied))
+      return err(
+        new HopperReleaseError(
+          "verification_unavailable",
+          "XDG_CACHE_HOME must be an absolute filesystem path.",
+        ),
+      );
+    return ok(
+      join(
+        supplied ??
+          join(homeDirectoryFromEnvironment(environment, "linux"), ".cache"),
+        "rea",
+        "hopper-releases",
+      ),
+    );
+  } catch (cause: unknown) {
+    return err(
+      new HopperReleaseError(
+        "verification_unavailable",
+        "The Hopper release cache location could not be resolved.",
+        { cause },
+      ),
+    );
+  }
+};
+
+/** Authenticated package facts shared by setup, doctor, and the launch boundary. */
+export class LinuxHopperPublisher {
+  readonly #resources = new ArtifactResourceScope();
+  #feed: ReturnType<typeof parseLinuxHopperReleases> | undefined;
+
+  constructor(
+    readonly environment: Readonly<NodeJS.ProcessEnv>,
+    readonly packageFamily: () => Promise<LinuxPackageFamily | undefined>,
+  ) {}
+
+  get cacheRoot(): string {
+    const location = linuxHopperReleaseCacheDirectory(this.environment);
+    if (!location.ok) throw location.error;
+    return location.value;
+  }
+
+  async currentRelease(
+    family: LinuxPackageFamily,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<Result<LinuxHopperRelease, HopperReleaseError>> {
+    try {
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      if (this.#feed === undefined) {
+        const response = await downloadHopperPackage(HOPPER_RELEASES_URL, {
+          ...(signal === undefined ? {} : { signal }),
+          maxBytes: RELEASE_METADATA_BYTES,
+          timeoutMs: RELEASE_METADATA_TIMEOUT_MS,
+        });
+        if (!response.ok)
+          throw new HopperReleaseError(
+            "release_metadata",
+            "The official Hopper release feed is unavailable.",
+          );
+        this.#feed = parseLinuxHopperReleases(
+          JSON.parse(decodeUtf8(response.bytes)),
+        );
+      }
+      if (!this.#feed.ok) return this.#feed;
+      return this.#feed.value[family];
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      return err(releaseFailure(cause, signal, "release_metadata"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  async verifyArchive(
+    family: LinuxPackageFamily,
+    release: LinuxHopperRelease,
+    archive: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+    suppliedPublicKey?: string,
+  ): Promise<Result<VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage, HopperReleaseError>> {
+    try {
+      const bytes = await this.#read(archive, HOPPER_DOWNLOAD_BYTES, signal);
+      if (
+        bytes.length !== Number(release.file_length) ||
+        createHash("sha1").update(bytes).digest("hex") !== release.file_hash
+      )
+        return err(
+          new HopperReleaseError(
+            "integrity",
+            "The Hopper package does not match the selected release bytes.",
+          ),
+        );
+      let publicKey = suppliedPublicKey;
+      if (publicKey === undefined) {
+        const response = await downloadHopperPackage(HOPPER_PUBLIC_KEY_URL, {
+          ...(signal === undefined ? {} : { signal }),
+          maxBytes: RELEASE_METADATA_BYTES,
+          timeoutMs: RELEASE_METADATA_TIMEOUT_MS,
+        });
+        if (!response.ok)
+          throw new HopperReleaseError(
+            "verification_unavailable",
+            "The official Hopper public key is unavailable.",
+          );
+        publicKey = decodeUtf8(response.bytes);
+      }
+      const packageSha256 = createHash("sha256").update(bytes).digest("hex");
+      // Every read still validates file identity, byte bounds and selected metadata.
+      // Reuse only proof of the exact signed bytes/key/signature/payload interpretation.
+      const proofKey = createHash("sha256")
+        .update(
+          JSON.stringify([
+            family,
+            packageSha256,
+            publicKey,
+            release.signature,
+            release.main_exe_hash,
+          ]),
+        )
+        .digest("hex");
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      const existingProof = packageProofs.get(proofKey);
+      if (existingProof !== undefined)
+        return ok({
+          release,
+          family,
+          packageSha256,
+          publicKey,
+          ...existingProof,
+        });
+      const verified = await verifyDetachedPgpSignature(
+        bytes,
+        Buffer.from(release.signature, "base64"),
+        publicKey,
+        HOPPER_LINUX_PRIMARY_FINGERPRINT,
+        signal,
+      );
+      if (!verified.ok)
+        return err(
+          new HopperReleaseError(
+            verified.error.reason === "cancelled"
+              ? "cancelled"
+              : "publisher_verification_failed",
+            verified.error.message,
+            { cause: verified.error },
+          ),
+        );
+      const mainExeHash = await this.#withTemporary(async (root) => {
+        // Extract only after authentication, from this operation's private byte snapshot.
+        const snapshot = join(root, "package");
+        await writeFile(snapshot, bytes, { flag: "wx", mode: 0o600 });
+        return this.#packageLauncherHash(family, snapshot, root, signal);
+      });
+      if (mainExeHash !== release.main_exe_hash)
+        return err(
+          new HopperReleaseError(
+            "integrity",
+            `The signed ${family} package launcher SHA-256 ${mainExeHash} differs from the release main_exe_hash ${release.main_exe_hash}.`,
+          ),
+        );
+      retainProof(packageProofs, proofKey, verified.value);
+      return ok({
+        release,
+        family,
+        packageSha256,
+        publicKey,
+        ...verified.value,
+      });
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      return err(releaseFailure(cause, signal, "verification_unavailable"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Durable evidence contains the signed bytes; an editable digest receipt cannot authorize a build. */
+  async retainVerifiedArchive(
+    verified: VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage,
+    archive: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<Result<void, HopperReleaseError>> {
+    try {
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      await mkdir(this.cacheRoot, { recursive: true, mode: 0o700 });
+      const parent = await lstat(this.cacheRoot);
+      if (
+        !parent.isDirectory() ||
+        parent.isSymbolicLink() ||
+        parent.uid !== process.getuid?.()
+      )
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "verification_unavailable",
+          "The Hopper release cache is not a caller-owned directory.",
+        );
+      const target = join(this.cacheRoot, verified.release.main_exe_hash);
+      const lease = await this.#acquireCacheLease(
+        verified.release.main_exe_hash,
+        signal,
+      );
+      await this.#withOwnedResource(
+        {
+          kind: "lease",
+          resource: lease.socketPath ?? "hopper-release-cache-lease",
+          lease,
+        },
+        async () => {
+          signal?.throwIfAborted();
+          await this.#withTemporary(async (stage) => {
+            await copyFile(archive, join(stage, "archive"));
+            if (
+              (await hashStableFile(join(stage, "archive"), signal)).sha256 !==
+              verified.packageSha256
+            )
+              throw new HopperReleaseError(
+                "integrity",
+                "The verified package changed before cache retention.",
+              );
+            await writeFile(join(stage, "public-key.asc"), verified.publicKey, {
+              flag: "wx",
+              mode: 0o600,
+            });
+            await writeFile(
+              join(stage, "release.json"),
+              JSON.stringify({
+                format: "rea-signed-hopper-release-v1",
+                family: verified.family,
+                release: verified.release,
+              }) + "\n",
+              { flag: "wx", mode: 0o600 },
+            );
+            await this.#publishCacheStage(
+              stage,
+              target,
+              verified.release.main_exe_hash,
+              signal,
+            );
+          }, this.cacheRoot);
+        },
+      );
+      return ok(undefined);
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      return err(releaseFailure(cause, signal, "verification_unavailable"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #publishCacheStage(
+    stage: string,
+    target: string,
+    digest: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const existing = await this.#cachedPackage(digest, signal);
+    if (existing.ok) return;
+    if (existing.error.reason === "cache_missing") {
+      await rename(stage, target);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (
+      ![
+        "integrity",
+        "release_metadata",
+        "publisher_verification_failed",
+      ].includes(existing.error.reason)
+    )
+      throw existing.error;
+    signal?.throwIfAborted();
+    const previous = await lstat(target);
+    if (
+      !previous.isDirectory() ||
+      previous.isSymbolicLink() ||
+      previous.uid !== process.getuid?.()
+    )
+      throw existing.error;
+    // Only approved retention under the publication lease may repair an entry.
+    // Preserve malformed evidence without following links or deleting content.
+    const backup = `${target}.backup-${randomUUID()}`;
+    await rename(target, backup);
+    try {
+      const moved = await lstat(backup);
+      if (moved.dev !== previous.dev || moved.ino !== previous.ino)
+        throw new Error("The Hopper cache entry changed during repair.");
+      await rename(stage, target);
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      const replacement = await this.#cachedPackage(digest, signal);
+      if (replacement.ok) return;
+      await this.#failedCachePublication(
+        target,
+        backup,
+        [cause, replacement.error],
+        replacement.error.reason === "cleanup_failed",
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #acquireCacheLease(
+    digest: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<HopperTargetLease> {
+    const deadline = performance.now() + 120_000;
+    const runId = randomUUID();
+    let delay = 25;
+    while (true) {
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      const acquired = await acquireHopperReleaseCacheLease({
+        cacheDirectory: this.cacheRoot,
+        launcherSha256: digest,
+        runId,
+      });
+      if (acquired.acquired) return acquired.lease;
+      const remaining = deadline - performance.now();
+      if (remaining <= 0)
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "verification_unavailable",
+          "Another approved Hopper setup still owns this release cache. Retry after it finishes.",
+        );
+      await waitForAbortableDelay(Math.min(delay, remaining), signal);
+      delay = Math.min(delay * 2, 200);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #failedCachePublication(
+    target: string,
+    backup: string,
+    causes: unknown[],
+    cleanupFailed = false,
+  ): Promise<never> {
+    let preserved = backup;
+    try {
+      // Under the publication lease, restore the previous directory on failure.
+      // POSIX rename cannot replace another nonempty evidence directory.
+      await rename(backup, target);
+      preserved = target;
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      causes.push(cause);
+    }
+    throw new HopperReleaseError(
+      cleanupFailed ? "cleanup_failed" : "verification_unavailable",
+      `The Hopper cache repair did not finish; previous evidence is preserved at ${preserved}. Retry approved setup.`,
+      {
+        cause: new AggregateError(
+          causes,
+          "Hopper cache publication and recovery outcomes",
+        ),
+      },
+    );
+  }
+
+  async inspectLauncher(
+    path: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<Result<VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher, HopperReleaseError>> {
+    try {
+      const observed = await hashStableFile(path, signal);
+      const cached = await this.#cachedPackage(observed.sha256, signal);
+      if (cached.ok) {
+        if ((await hashStableFile(path, signal)).sha256 !== observed.sha256)
+          return err(
+            new HopperReleaseError(
+              "integrity",
+              "The Hopper launcher changed during publisher verification.",
+            ),
+          );
+        return ok(launcherIdentity(cached.value, "signed_package_cache"));
+      }
+      if (cached.error.reason !== "cache_missing") return cached;
+      signal?.throwIfAborted();
+      const processProof = liveLauncherProofs.get(observed.sha256);
+      if (processProof !== undefined)
+        return ok({ ...processProof, source: "verified_process_cache" });
+      const family = await this.packageFamily();
+      if (family === undefined)
+        return err(
+          new HopperReleaseError(
+            "verification_unavailable",
+            "No native Linux package family is available for Hopper publisher verification.",
+          ),
+        );
+      const selected = await this.currentRelease(family, signal);
+      if (!selected.ok) return selected;
+      if (selected.value.main_exe_hash !== observed.sha256)
+        return err(
+          new HopperReleaseError(
+            "unsupported_hopper_build",
+            "The selected Hopper launcher does not match an authenticated cached release or the official current Linux demo.",
+          ),
+        );
+      const verified = await this.#withTemporary(async (root) => {
+        const response = await downloadHopperPackage(
+          selected.value.filename,
+          signal === undefined ? {} : { signal },
+        );
+        if (!response.ok)
+          throw new HopperReleaseError(
+            "download",
+            "The official Hopper package is unavailable for publisher verification.",
+          );
+        const archive = join(root, "archive");
+        await writeFile(archive, response.bytes, { flag: "wx", mode: 0o600 });
+        const verified = await this.verifyArchive(
+          family,
+          selected.value,
+          archive,
+          signal,
+        );
+        if (!verified.ok) throw verified.error;
+        return verified.value;
+      });
+      if ((await hashStableFile(path, signal)).sha256 !== observed.sha256)
+        return err(
+          new HopperReleaseError(
+            "integrity",
+            "The Hopper launcher changed during publisher verification.",
+          ),
+        );
+      const identity = launcherIdentity(verified, "signed_vendor_release");
+      retainProof(liveLauncherProofs, observed.sha256, identity);
+      return ok(identity);
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      return err(releaseFailure(cause, signal, "verification_unavailable"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  async close(): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      await this.#resources.close();
+      pendingCleanup.delete(this.#resources);
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      pendingCleanup.add(this.#resources);
+      throw cause;
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #cachedPackage(
+    digest: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<Result<VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage, HopperReleaseError>> {
+    try {
+      const root = join(this.cacheRoot, digest);
+      try {
+        const directory = await lstat(root);
+        if (!directory.isDirectory() || directory.isSymbolicLink())
+          throw new HopperReleaseError(
+            "integrity",
+            "The retained Hopper cache entry is not a regular directory.",
+          );
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        if (cause instanceof Error && Reflect.get(cause, "code") === "ENOENT") {
+          return err(
+            new HopperReleaseError(
+              "cache_missing",
+              "No retained signed Hopper package identifies this launcher.",
+              { cause },
+            ),
+          );
+        }
+        throw cause;
+      }
+      // Distinguish proven malformed/missing evidence from unavailable reads or
+      // inspection tools. Only the former authorize approved cache replacement.
+      for (const name of ["release.json", "public-key.asc", "archive"])
+        await this.#assertCacheFile(join(root, name));
+      const metadata = await this.#read(
+        join(root, "release.json"),
+        RELEASE_METADATA_BYTES,
+        signal,
+      );
+      let value: unknown;
+      try {
+        value = JSON.parse(decodeUtf8(metadata));
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "release_metadata",
+          "The retained Hopper package metadata is malformed.",
+          { cause },
+        );
+      }
+      const parsed = cacheRecordSchema.safeParse(value);
+      if (!parsed.success)
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "release_metadata",
+          "The retained Hopper package metadata is malformed.",
+        );
+      const release = parseLinuxHopperRelease(
+        parsed.data.release,
+        parsed.data.family,
+      );
+      if (!release.ok) return release;
+      if (release.value.main_exe_hash !== digest)
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "integrity",
+          "The retained Hopper metadata does not identify this launcher.",
+        );
+      const keyBytes = await this.#read(
+        join(root, "public-key.asc"),
+        RELEASE_METADATA_BYTES,
+        signal,
+      );
+      let key: string;
+      try {
+        key = decodeUtf8(keyBytes);
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "publisher_verification_failed",
+          "The retained Hopper public key is malformed.",
+          { cause },
+        );
+      }
+      return this.verifyArchive(
+        parsed.data.family,
+        release.value,
+        join(root, "archive"),
+        signal,
+        key,
+      );
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      return err(releaseFailure(cause, signal, "verification_unavailable"));
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #assertCacheFile(path: string): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      const stats = await lstat(path);
+      if (!stats.isFile() || stats.isSymbolicLink())
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "integrity",
+          `Required Hopper evidence is not a regular file: ${path}.`,
+        );
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      if (cause instanceof Error && Reflect.get(cause, "code") === "ENOENT")
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "integrity",
+          `Required Hopper evidence is missing: ${path}.`,
+          { cause },
+        );
+      throw cause;
+    }
+  }
+
+  async #packageLauncherHash(
+    family: LinuxPackageFamily,
+    archive: string,
+    root: string,
+    signal?: AbortSignal,
+  ): Promise<string> {
+    const commandOptions = {
+      env: this.environment,
+      signal,
+      timeout: 120_000,
+      stopSignal: "SIGKILL" as const,
+      maxBuffer: RELEASE_METADATA_BYTES,
+    };
+    if (family === "rpm") {
+      const output = await execFileOutput(
+        "rpm",
+        [
+          "-qp",
+          "--nosignature",
+          "--nodigest",
+          "--qf",
+          "%{FILEDIGESTALGO}\n[%{FILENAMES}\t%{FILEDIGESTS}\n]",
+          archive,
+        ],
+        commandOptions,
+      );
+      const rows = output.stdout.split("\n");
+      if (rows.shift() !== "8")
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "integrity",
+          "The signed RPM header does not use SHA-256 file digests.",
+        );
+      const matches = rows.filter((row) =>
+        row.startsWith("/opt/hopper/bin/Hopper\t"),
+      );
+      const digest = matches[0]?.split("\t")[1];
+      if (
+        matches.length !== 1 ||
+        digest === undefined ||
+        !/^[a-f0-9]{64}$/u.test(digest)
+      )
+        throw new HopperReleaseError(
+          "integrity",
+          "The signed RPM header has no unique Hopper launcher digest.",
+        );
+      return digest;
+    }
+    const extracted = join(root, "extracted");
+    await mkdir(extracted, { mode: 0o700 });
+    if (family === "deb")
+      await execFileOutput(
+        "dpkg-deb",
+        ["--extract", archive, extracted],
+        commandOptions,
+      );
+    else
+      await execFileOutput(
+        "tar",
+        ["-xf", archive, "-C", extracted, "--", "opt/hopper/bin/Hopper"],
+        commandOptions,
+      );
+    return (
+      await hashStableFile(
+        join(extracted, "opt", "hopper", "bin", "Hopper"),
+        signal,
+      )
+    ).sha256;
+  }
+
+  #read(path: string, limit: number, signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<Buffer> {
+    return withRegularFile(
+      path,
+      async (handle, stats) => {
+        if (stats.size > limit)
+          throw new HopperReleaseError(
+            "integrity",
+            "Retained Hopper evidence exceeds its resource byte budget.",
+          );
+        const bytes = await readBoundedFileBytes(handle, stats.size, signal);
+        if (bytes === undefined)
+          throw new HopperReleaseError(
+            "integrity",
+            "Retained Hopper evidence changed during inspection.",
+          );
+        return bytes;
+      },
+      { signal, resources: this.#resources, symlinks: "reject" },
+    );
+  }
+
+  async #withTemporary<T>(
+    operation: (path: string) => Promise<T>,
+    parent?: string,
+  ): Promise<T> {
+    const root = await PrivateRuntimeRoot.create({
+      prefix: "rea-hopper-publisher-",
+      ...(parent === undefined ? {} : { parent }),
+    });
+    return this.#withOwnedResource(
+      {
+        kind: "private-runtime-root",
+        resource: root.path,
+        root,
+      },
+      () => operation(root.path),
+    );
+  }
+
+  async #withOwnedResource<T>(
+    owner: ArtifactResourceOwner,
+    operation: () => Promise<T>,
+  ): Promise<T> {
+    let outcome:
+      | { readonly ok: true; readonly value: T }
+      | { readonly ok: false; readonly cause: unknown };
+    try {
+      outcome = { ok: true, value: await operation() };
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      outcome = { ok: false, cause };
+    }
+    const cleanup = await this.#resources.release(owner);
+    if (cleanup.kind === "failed") {
+      pendingCleanup.add(this.#resources);
+      const causes = outcome.ok
+        ? [cleanup.cause]
+        : [outcome.cause, cleanup.cause];
+      throw new HopperReleaseError(
+        "cleanup_failed",
+        `Hopper publisher verification retained cleanup ownership for ${owner.resource}.`,
+        {
+          cause: new AggregateError(
+            causes,
+            "Publisher inspection and cleanup outcomes",
+          ),
+        },
+      );
+    }
+    if (!outcome.ok) throw outcome.cause;
+    return outcome.value;
+  }
+}
+
+/** Retry only resources retained by this producer after failed cleanup. */
+export const retryLinuxHopperPublisherCleanup = async (): Promise<void> => {
+  const causes: unknown[] = [];
+  const observations = [];
+  for (const scope of pendingCleanup) {
+    try {
+      await scope.close();
+      pendingCleanup.delete(scope);
+    } catch (cause: unknown) {
+      causes.push(cause);
+      observations.push(
+        ArtifactReaderFailure.cleanupObservation(
+          cause,
+          "hopper-publisher-verification",
+        ),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+  if (causes.length > 0) {
+    const cleanup = {
+      reason: observations.map(({ reason }) => reason).join("; "),
+      resources: [
+        ...new Set(observations.flatMap(({ resources }) => resources)),
+      ],
+    };
+    throw new ArtifactReaderFailure(
+      "unavailable",
+      `Hopper publisher cleanup remains incomplete: ${cleanup.resources.join(", ")}`,
+      {
+        cause: new AggregateError(causes, "Hopper publisher cleanup failures"),
+        cleanup,
+      },
+    );
+  }
+};
+
+const decodeUtf8 = (bytes: Uint8Array): string =>
+  new TextDecoder("utf-8", { fatal: true }).decode(bytes);
+const releaseFailure = (
+  cause: unknown,
+  signal: AbortSignal | undefined,
+  fallback: HopperReleaseError["reason"],
+): HopperReleaseError =>
+  cause instanceof HopperReleaseError && cause.reason === "cleanup_failed"
+    ? cause
+    : signal?.aborted === true
+      ? new HopperReleaseError(
+          "cancelled",
+          "Hopper publisher verification was cancelled.",
+          { cause },
+        )
+      : cause instanceof HopperReleaseError
+        ? cause
+        : new HopperReleaseError(
+            fallback,
+            "Hopper publisher verification could not complete.",
+            { cause },
+          );
+const launcherIdentity = (
+  verified: VerifiedLinuxHopperPackage,
+  source: VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher["source"],
+): VerifiedLinuxHopperLauncher => ({
+  sha256: verified.release.main_exe_hash,
+  version: verified.release.version,
+  primaryFingerprint: verified.primaryFingerprint,
+  signingFingerprint: verified.signingFingerprint,
+  source,
+});
@@ -413,7 +413,22 @@ const addCandidate = (
      ...current.authority_references,
      ...candidate.authority_references,
    ]),
-    definitionCount: current.definitionCount + candidate.definitionCount,
+    // Each observation keeps its own unresolved authority and next steps.
+    unavailable_authority: uniqueBy(
+      [...current.unavailable_authority, ...candidate.unavailable_authority],
+      (item) => item,
+    ),
+    required_next_evidence: uniqueBy(
+      [...current.required_next_evidence, ...candidate.required_next_evidence],
+      (item) => item,
+    ),
+    // A generated ID digests its derivation key, so two generated candidates
+    // with one ID are the same claim seen by several records. Only another
+    // reviewed definition can introduce a competing definition.
+    definitionCount:
+      current.origin === "generated" && candidate.origin === "generated"
+        ? current.definitionCount
+        : current.definitionCount + candidate.definitionCount,
  });
 };

@@ -12,6 +12,62 @@ import {
 import { deriveReconstructionObligationCandidates } from "./ReconstructionObligationCandidates.js";
 import { evaluateReconstructionObligationLedger } from "./ReconstructionObligationLedgerEvaluation.js";

+/** Build a request whose packaged-process obligation closes as ready. */
+const readyProcessLedgerRequest = () => {
+  const capture = processEvidence();
+  const initial = build(request([capture]));
+  const obligation = initial.obligations[0];
+  if (obligation === undefined) throw new Error("Expected process obligation");
+  const fixtureIds = obligation.required_case_kinds.map(
+    (caseKind) => `packaged.${caseKind}`,
+  );
+  const proof = boundProofEvidence("packaged", {
+    obligation_ids: [obligation.obligation_id],
+    fixture_ids: fixtureIds,
+    case_kinds: obligation.required_case_kinds,
+    verifier_ids: ["verifier.packaged"],
+    claim_ids: ["claim.process"],
+  });
+  const ledgerRequest = request([capture, proof], {
+    manifest: {
+      bindings: [
+        {
+          obligation_id: obligation.obligation_id,
+          owner: {
+            module_path: "src/processOwner.ts",
+            symbol: "runProcess",
+            owner_sha256: "2".repeat(64),
+          },
+          parser_type: null,
+          original_cases: originalCases(obligation, capture.evidence_id),
+          fixtures: obligation.required_case_kinds.map((caseKind) => ({
+            fixture_id: `packaged.${caseKind}`,
+            case_kind: caseKind,
+            authority: "packaged-process",
+            evidence_ids: [proof.evidence_id],
+          })),
+          verifier: {
+            verifier_id: "verifier.packaged",
+            claim_id: "claim.process",
+            command: "npm run verify:package -- process",
+            authority: "packaged-process",
+            status: "pass",
+            result_evidence_id: proof.evidence_id,
+            enumerated_obligation_ids: [obligation.obligation_id],
+            nondeterminism: {
+              mode: "partial-order",
+              specification:
+                "Startup precedes teardown; worker completion is unordered.",
+            },
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+      contradictions: [],
+    },
+  });
+  return ledgerRequest;
+};
+
 describe("reconstruction obligation ledger", () => {
  it("emits the complete deterministic ledger and closure identity", () => {
    const evidence = proofEvidence("review");
@@ -31,6 +87,49 @@ describe("reconstruction obligation ledger", () => {
    expect(first.status).toBe("open");
  });

+  it("merges repeated captures of one process scenario into one definition", () => {
+    const first = processEvidence();
+    const second = processEvidence({
+      residual_unknowns: [{ scope: "network", reason: "Second run only." }],
+    });
+    expect(second.evidence_id).not.toBe(first.evidence_id);
+    const single = build(request([first]));
+    const repeated = build(request([first, second]));
+
+    const obligation = repeated.obligations[0];
+    expect(repeated.obligations).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(obligation?.obligation_id).toBe(
+      single.obligations[0]?.obligation_id,
+    );
+    expect(obligation?.diagnostics.map(({ code }) => code)).not.toContain(
+      "duplicate-definition",
+    );
+    expect(
+      obligation?.authority_references.map(({ evidence_id: id }) => id).sort(),
+    ).toEqual([first.evidence_id, second.evidence_id].sort());
+    // The second capture's own uncertainty stays visible after the merge.
+    expect(obligation?.unavailable_authority).toContain(
+      "network: Second run only.",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("still reports a reviewed definition that reuses a generated ID", () => {
+    const capture = processEvidence();
+    const generated = build(request([capture])).obligations[0];
+    if (generated === undefined) throw new Error("Expected process obligation");
+    const ledger = build(
+      request([capture], {
+        reviewed_obligations: [
+          reviewedObligation(generated.obligation_id, capture.evidence_id),
+        ],
+      }),
+    );
+
+    expect(
+      ledger.obligations[0]?.diagnostics.map(({ code }) => code),
+    ).toContain("duplicate-definition");
+  });
+
  it("does not let green unit evidence close a packaged-process obligation", () => {
    const capture = processEvidence();
    const proof = proofEvidence("green-unit");
@@ -181,58 +280,7 @@ describe("reconstruction obligation ledger case closure", () => {
  });

  it("closes only when every required case and verifier has comparable authority", () => {
-    const capture = processEvidence();
-    const initial = build(request([capture]));
-    const obligation = initial.obligations[0];
-    if (obligation === undefined)
-      throw new Error("Expected process obligation");
-    const fixtureIds = obligation.required_case_kinds.map(
-      (caseKind) => `packaged.${caseKind}`,
-    );
-    const proof = boundProofEvidence("packaged", {
-      obligation_ids: [obligation.obligation_id],
-      fixture_ids: fixtureIds,
-      case_kinds: obligation.required_case_kinds,
-      verifier_ids: ["verifier.packaged"],
-      claim_ids: ["claim.process"],
-    });
-    const ledgerRequest = request([capture, proof], {
-      manifest: {
-        bindings: [
-          {
-            obligation_id: obligation.obligation_id,
-            owner: {
-              module_path: "src/processOwner.ts",
-              symbol: "runProcess",
-              owner_sha256: "2".repeat(64),
-            },
-            parser_type: null,
-            original_cases: originalCases(obligation, capture.evidence_id),
-            fixtures: obligation.required_case_kinds.map((caseKind) => ({
-              fixture_id: `packaged.${caseKind}`,
-              case_kind: caseKind,
-              authority: "packaged-process",
-              evidence_ids: [proof.evidence_id],
-            })),
-            verifier: {
-              verifier_id: "verifier.packaged",
-              claim_id: "claim.process",
-              command: "npm run verify:package -- process",
-              authority: "packaged-process",
-              status: "pass",
-              result_evidence_id: proof.evidence_id,
-              enumerated_obligation_ids: [obligation.obligation_id],
-              nondeterminism: {
-                mode: "partial-order",
-                specification:
-                  "Startup precedes teardown; worker completion is unordered.",
-              },
-            },
-          },
-        ],
-        contradictions: [],
-      },
-    });
+    const ledgerRequest = readyProcessLedgerRequest();
    const result = build(ledgerRequest);

    expect(result.obligations[0]).toMatchObject({
@@ -257,3 +305,54 @@ describe("reconstruction obligation ledger case closure", () => {
    expect(limited.coverage.status).toBe("partial");
  });
 });
+
+describe("reconstruction obligation manifest references", () => {
+  it("withholds readiness when a manifest entry names absent Evidence", () => {
+    const ledgerRequest = readyProcessLedgerRequest();
+    // A valid entry for the same case kind must not hide an absent reference.
+    const absent = `ev_${"a".repeat(64)}`;
+    const binding = ledgerRequest.manifest.bindings[0];
+    if (binding === undefined) throw new Error("Expected binding");
+    const variants: {
+      readonly code: string;
+      readonly binding: typeof binding;
+    }[] = [
+      {
+        code: "missing-original-case",
+        binding: {
+          ...binding,
+          original_cases: [
+            ...binding.original_cases,
+            { kind: "positive", evidence_id: absent, location: "/old" },
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+      {
+        code: "missing-case",
+        binding: {
+          ...binding,
+          fixtures: [
+            ...binding.fixtures,
+            {
+              fixture_id: "packaged.old",
+              case_kind: "positive",
+              authority: "packaged-process",
+              evidence_ids: [absent],
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+    ];
+    for (const { code, binding: dangling } of variants) {
+      const open = build({
+        ...ledgerRequest,
+        manifest: { ...ledgerRequest.manifest, bindings: [dangling] },
+      });
+      expect(open.status).not.toBe("ready");
+      expect(open.obligations[0]?.status).toBe("implemented");
+      expect(open.obligations[0]?.diagnostics).toEqual([
+        { code, detail: expect.stringContaining(absent) },
+      ]);
+    }
+  });
+});
@@ -14,7 +14,10 @@ import {
  type ReviewedReconstructionObligation,
 } from "../domain/reconstructionObligationLedgerSchemas.js";

-import { processCaptureSchema } from "../domain/process/processCapture.js";
+import {
+  processCaptureSchema,
+  type UnverifiedProcessCapture,
+} from "../domain/process/processCapture.js";
 /** Build controlled fixture Evidence used by reconstruction-ledger scenarios. */
 export const proofEvidence = (id: string) =>
  createEvidence(
@@ -31,13 +34,18 @@ export const proofEvidence = (id: string) =>
  );

 /** Use the canonical empty process capture as a controlled Evidence example. */
-export const processEvidence = () =>
+export const processEvidence = (
+  overrides: Partial<UnverifiedProcessCapture> = {},
+) =>
  createEvidence(undefined, PROCESS_PROVIDER, {
    predicateType: "rea.process-capture",
    operation: "capture_process_scenario",
    parameters: {},
    result: jsonValueSchema.parse(
-      processCaptureSchema.parse(EMPTY_PROCESS_CAPTURE_EXAMPLE),
+      processCaptureSchema.parse({
+        ...EMPTY_PROCESS_CAPTURE_EXAMPLE,
+        ...overrides,
+      }),
    ),
    confidence: "observed",
    authority: "controlled-replay",
@@ -268,6 +268,14 @@ const evaluateBinding = (
      );
      continue;
    }
+    for (const fixture of fixtures)
+      for (const evidenceId of fixture.evidence_ids)
+        if (!context.evidence.has(evidenceId))
+          addDiagnostic(
+            diagnostics,
+            "missing-case",
+            `${caseKind} fixture ${fixture.fixture_id} references Evidence ${evidenceId}, which is absent from the bundle.`,
+          );
    if (
      !fixtures.some(
        (fixture) =>
@@ -45,6 +45,14 @@ export const originalCaseDiagnostics = (
      });
      continue;
    }
+    // A valid entry for this case kind does not resolve another entry's
+    // reference; every referenced Evidence ID must be in the bundle.
+    for (const { evidence_id: evidenceId } of cases)
+      if (!evidenceById.has(evidenceId))
+        diagnostics.push({
+          code: "missing-original-case",
+          detail: `Original ${caseKind} case references Evidence ${evidenceId}, which is absent from the bundle.`,
+        });
    if (
      !cases.some(({ evidence_id: evidenceId }) => {
        const evidence = evidenceById.get(evidenceId);
@@ -94,10 +94,95 @@ const failedEntry = (
  };
 };

+/** A package directory's legacy `main` entry point, as its manifest declares it. */
+type PackageMain =
+  | { readonly state: "declared"; readonly main: string }
+  | { readonly state: "none" }
+  | { readonly state: "unknown" };
+
+/**
+ * Read each inventoried `package.json` once. Node selects a non-empty string
+ * `main` before a directory index; an unreadable or invalid manifest leaves
+ * that selection unknown.
+ */
+const readPackageMains = (
+  read: ReferenceSourceRead,
+): ReadonlyMap<string, PackageMain> => {
+  const mains = new Map<string, PackageMain>();
+  for (const entry of read.entries) {
+    if (posix.basename(entry.path) !== "package.json") continue;
+    const directory = posix.dirname(entry.path);
+    if (entry.status !== "read" || entry.kind !== "file") {
+      mains.set(directory, { state: "unknown" });
+      continue;
+    }
+    try {
+      const manifest: unknown = JSON.parse(
+        new TextDecoder("utf-8", { fatal: true }).decode(entry.bytes),
+      );
+      const main =
+        typeof manifest === "object" && manifest !== null
+          ? Reflect.get(manifest, "main")
+          : undefined;
+      mains.set(
+        directory,
+        typeof main === "string" && main !== ""
+          ? { state: "declared", main }
+          : { state: "none" },
+      );
+    } catch {
+      mains.set(directory, { state: "unknown" });
+    }
+  }
+  return mains;
+};
+
+const RESOLUTION_SUFFIXES = ["", ".ts", ".js", ".mjs", ".cjs", ".tsx", ".jsx"];
+
+/** Inventory facts an internal specifier resolves against. */
+interface SpecifierContext {
+  readonly lookupPath: ReferenceSourcePathLookup;
+  readonly packageMains: ReadonlyMap<string, PackageMain>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Apply a package `main` to a directory resolved through its index. Node loads
+ * the declared entry as a file, then as a directory index, and falls back to
+ * the package's own index only when neither exists.
+ */
+const selectPackageMain = (
+  index: string,
+  context: SpecifierContext,
+): { to: string; resolution: "internal" | "unresolved" } => {
+  const directory = posix.dirname(index);
+  const manifest = context.packageMains.get(directory);
+  if (manifest === undefined || manifest.state === "none")
+    return { to: index, resolution: "internal" };
+  if (manifest.state === "unknown")
+    return { to: directory, resolution: "unresolved" };
+  // Node resolves `main` with path.resolve: an absolute main leaves the
+  // package, and a trailing separator does not make the entry a directory.
+  if (posix.isAbsolute(manifest.main))
+    return { to: posix.normalize(manifest.main), resolution: "unresolved" };
+  const target = posix
+    .normalize(posix.join(directory, manifest.main))
+    .replace(/(?<=.)\/+$/u, "");
+  // Node would load a declared entry outside the imported root.
+  if (logicalPathEscapesRoot(target))
+    return { to: target, resolution: "unresolved" };
+  const selected = context.lookupPath.resolveCandidates([
+    ...RESOLUTION_SUFFIXES.map((suffix) => `${target}${suffix}`),
+    ...RESOLUTION_SUFFIXES.filter((suffix) => suffix !== "").map((suffix) =>
+      posix.join(target, `index${suffix}`),
+    ),
+  ]);
+  return { to: selected ?? index, resolution: "internal" };
+};
+
 const resolveInternalSpecifier = (
  fromPath: string,
  specifier: string,
-  lookupPath: ReferenceSourcePathLookup,
+  context: SpecifierContext,
 ): { to: string; resolution: "internal" | "unresolved" } => {
  if (posix.isAbsolute(specifier))
    return { to: specifier, resolution: "unresolved" };
@@ -109,10 +194,11 @@ const resolveInternalSpecifier = (
  // Preserve directory intent before normalization removes terminal dot segments.
  const directoryReference =
    specifier.endsWith("/") || [".", ".."].includes(posix.basename(specifier));
-  const suffixes = ["", ".ts", ".js", ".mjs", ".cjs", ".tsx", ".jsx"];
-  const candidates = suffixes.flatMap((suffix) => [
+  // A directory resolves only to an index with an extension; neither Node nor
+  // TypeScript selects an extensionless `index` file.
+  const candidates = RESOLUTION_SUFFIXES.flatMap((suffix) => [
    ...(directoryReference ? [] : [`${normalized}${suffix}`]),
-    posix.join(normalized, `index${suffix}`),
+    ...(suffix === "" ? [] : [posix.join(normalized, `index${suffix}`)]),
  ]);
  // Retain present runtime files first; substitute only a missing counterpart.
  // Counterparts cover explicit filenames, not directory/index resolution.
@@ -122,9 +208,13 @@ const resolveInternalSpecifier = (
        ({ path }) => path,
      ),
    );
-  const match = lookupPath.resolveCandidates(candidates);
-  return match === undefined
-    ? { to: normalized, resolution: "unresolved" }
+  const match = context.lookupPath.resolveCandidates(candidates);
+  if (match === undefined) return { to: normalized, resolution: "unresolved" };
+  const resolvedThroughIndex =
+    posix.basename(match).startsWith("index.") &&
+    posix.dirname(match).normalize("NFC") === normalized.normalize("NFC");
+  return resolvedThroughIndex
+    ? selectPackageMain(match, context)
    : { to: match, resolution: "internal" };
 };

@@ -132,7 +222,7 @@ type ReadFile = Extract<ReferenceSourceEntry, { status: "read"; kind: "file" }>;

 const appendFile = (
  entry: ReadFile,
-  lookupPath: ReferenceSourcePathLookup,
+  context: SpecifierContext,
  output: ParsedReferenceSourceEntries,
 ): void => {
  const language = detectReferenceSourceLanguage(entry.path);
@@ -159,7 +249,7 @@ const appendFile = (
    const resolved = resolveInternalSpecifier(
      relationship.from_path,
      relationship.to,
-      lookupPath,
+      context,
    );
    output.relationships.push({
      ...relationship,
@@ -172,11 +262,11 @@ const appendFile = (

 const appendReadEntry = (
  entry: Extract<ReferenceSourceEntry, { status: "read" }>,
-  lookupPath: ReferenceSourcePathLookup,
+  context: SpecifierContext,
  output: ParsedReferenceSourceEntries,
 ): void => {
  if (entry.kind === "file") {
-    appendFile(entry, lookupPath, output);
+    appendFile(entry, context, output);
    return;
  }
  const classifications = classifyReferenceSourcePath(entry.path);
@@ -219,11 +309,14 @@ export const parseReferenceSourceEntries = (
    parseFailures: [],
    limitations: [...read.limitations],
  };
-  const lookupPath = createReferenceSourcePathLookup(filePaths);
+  const context: SpecifierContext = {
+    lookupPath: createReferenceSourcePathLookup(filePaths),
+    packageMains: readPackageMains(read),
+  };
  for (const entry of read.entries) {
    if (signal?.aborted === true) break;
    if (entry.status === "failed") output.entries.push(failedEntry(entry));
-    else appendReadEntry(entry, lookupPath, output);
+    else appendReadEntry(entry, context, output);
  }
  return output;
 };
@@ -206,9 +206,10 @@ describe("configured Linux Hopper selection", () => {
    host.hopperLauncherConfigured = true;
    host.linuxDemoRuntimeMissing = true;
    const doctor = await host.doctor();
+    const initial = await host.initialSetupState();
    const discovery = await discoverSetupState({
      host,
-      providerEnvironment: { HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH: host.hopper },
+      providerConfigured: initial.providerConfigured,
      forceHopperInstall: false,
      proposeHopper: true,
      hopperLauncherConfigured: true,
@@ -227,9 +228,10 @@ describe("configured Linux Hopper selection", () => {
    };
    host.hopper = "/opt/hopper/bin/Hopper";
    host.unsupportedHopperVersion = true;
+    const initial = await host.initialSetupState();
    const discovery = await discoverSetupState({
      host,
-      providerEnvironment: { HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH: host.hopper },
+      providerConfigured: initial.providerConfigured,
      forceHopperInstall: false,
      proposeHopper: true,
      initialDoctor: await host.doctor(),
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ export class FakeSetupHost implements SetupHost {
    ...(this.hopperLauncherConfigured
      ? { hopperLauncherConfigured: true }
      : {}),
+    providerConfigured: this.hopper !== undefined || this.ghidra !== undefined,
    providerEnvironment: {
      ...(this.hopper === undefined
        ? {}
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import type { SetupProgressEvent } from "./SetupTypes.js";
 import { FakeSetupHost, options } from "./Setup.fixture.js";
 import { SetupSkillInstallError } from "./SetupSkill.js";
 import { err, ok } from "../domain/result.js";
+import { HopperReleaseError } from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";

 const linkedSkillFailure = () =>
  new SetupSkillInstallError({
@@ -16,6 +17,44 @@ const linkedSkillFailure = () =>
    cause: undefined,
  });

+describe("Linux publisher cache approval", () => {
+  it.each([true, false])(
+    "discloses the selected cache or blocks an unresolved path before approval: %s",
+    async (valid) => {
+      const host = Object.assign(new FakeSetupHost("linux"), {
+        linuxHopperReleaseCache: valid
+          ? ok("/caller/cache/rea/hopper-releases")
+          : err(
+              new HopperReleaseError(
+                "verification_unavailable",
+                "Invalid selected cache path",
+              ),
+            ),
+      });
+      host.distribution = {
+        id: "ubuntu",
+        versionId: "24.04",
+        packageFamily: "deb",
+        hopperSetupSupported: true,
+      };
+      const result = await runSetup(options(false, true), host);
+      if (valid)
+        expect(
+          result.plannedActions.find(({ kind }) => kind === "install_hopper")
+            ?.detail,
+        ).toContain("/caller/cache/rea/hopper-releases/<launcher-sha256>");
+      else
+        expect(result).toMatchObject({
+          status: "needs_human",
+          plannedActions: [],
+        });
+      expect(host.hopperInstalls).toBe(0);
+      expect(host.configurations).toBe(0);
+      expect(host.skillInstalls).toBe(0);
+    },
+  );
+});
+
 describe("selected skill admission", () => {
  it.each(["codex", "shared"] as const)(
    "keeps %s choices when an unselected client is linked",
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ const runSetupWorkflow = async (
  let { hopperPath, providerEnvironment } = initialState;
  const discovery = await discoverSetupState({
    host,
-    providerEnvironment,
+    providerConfigured: initialState.providerConfigured,
    forceHopperInstall: options.installHopper,
    hopperLauncherConfigured: initialState.hopperLauncherConfigured === true,
    proposeHopper:
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
  type ClientConfigurationSource,
 } from "./ClientConfigurationFiles.js";
 import { err, ok, type Result } from "../domain/result.js";
+import { ConfigurationError } from "../domain/configurationErrors.js";
 import {
  clientRegistrationEntry,
  clientConfigurationValuesEqual,
@@ -23,11 +24,19 @@ import { dshDocument, DshCordisDocument } from "./DshCordisPatch.js";
 import { mkdir, rm, writeFile } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { dirname } from "node:path";
 import writeFileAtomic from "write-file-atomic";
-import { clientRegistrationEnvironment } from "./ClientRegistrationEnvironment.js";
+import {
+  clientRegistrationEnvironment,
+  clientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails,
+  type ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
+} from "./ClientRegistrationEnvironment.js";

 import { PRODUCT_IDENTITY } from "../identity.js";
 import { npxRegistrationCommand } from "./ClientRegistrationIdentity.js";
-import { MCP_STARTUP_POLICY } from "../mcpStartupPolicy.js";
+import {
+  MCP_STARTUP_POLICY,
+  recommendedMcpToolTimeoutMs,
+  recommendedMcpToolTimeoutSeconds,
+} from "../mcpStartupPolicy.js";
 import { resolveClientConfigTransactionPath } from "./ClientConfigPath.js";
 import { packageReadTargetChanged } from "./MsixPackageStorage.js";
 import {
@@ -74,16 +83,23 @@ export const configureClientConfiguration = (
  client: SetupClient,
  environment: SetupProviderEnvironment = {},
  command: readonly string[] = npxRegistrationCommand(),
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
 ): Promise<ClientConfigurationResult> => {
  if (client.configPathError !== undefined)
    return Promise.resolve({ status: "failed", reason: "path" });
-  return configureClientDocument(client, environment, command);
+  return configureClientDocument(
+    client,
+    environment,
+    command,
+    resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+  );
 };

 const configureClientDocument = async (
  client: SetupClient,
  environment: SetupProviderEnvironment,
  command: readonly string[],
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
 ): Promise<ClientConfigurationResult> => {
  const format = client.format;
  if (format === undefined || format === "unsupported")
@@ -111,6 +127,7 @@ const configureClientDocument = async (
      command,
      existing,
      files.value,
+      resolveProviderRequestBudget,
    ),
  );
  if (!policy.ok) {
@@ -149,6 +166,7 @@ const configureClientDocument = async (
        command,
        parsed,
        files.value,
+        resolveProviderRequestBudget,
      ),
    );
    if (!policy.ok) {
@@ -177,6 +195,7 @@ const configureClientDocument = async (
      servers: { ...fallback.value, ...parsed.servers },
    },
    files.value,
+    resolveProviderRequestBudget,
  );
  if (registrationCurrent(parsed, desired)) return { status: "unchanged" };
  return persistClientConfiguration({
@@ -346,6 +365,7 @@ export const clientConfigurationAligned = async (
  client: SetupClient,
  providerEnvironment: SetupProviderEnvironment,
  command: readonly string[],
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
 ): Promise<boolean> => {
  if (client.configPathError !== undefined) return false;
  try {
@@ -365,6 +385,7 @@ export const clientConfigurationAligned = async (
        command,
        parsed,
        files.value,
+        resolveProviderRequestBudget,
      ),
    );
    if (!policy.ok) {
@@ -381,6 +402,7 @@ export const clientConfigurationAligned = async (
          command,
          parsed,
          files.value,
+          resolveProviderRequestBudget,
        ),
      )
    );
@@ -397,11 +419,13 @@ export const inspectClientConfiguration = async (
  client: SetupClient,
  providerEnvironment: SetupProviderEnvironment,
  command: readonly string[],
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
 ): Promise<ClientConfigurationInspection> => {
  const inspection = await inspectClientDocument(
    client,
    providerEnvironment,
    command,
+    resolveProviderRequestBudget,
  );
  if (inspection.status !== "create" && inspection.status !== "update")
    return inspection;
@@ -416,6 +440,7 @@ const inspectClientDocument = async (
  client: SetupClient,
  providerEnvironment: SetupProviderEnvironment,
  command: readonly string[],
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
 ): Promise<ClientConfigurationInspection> => {
  if (client.configPathError !== undefined)
    return { status: "invalid", remediation: client.configPathError };
@@ -449,6 +474,7 @@ const inspectClientDocument = async (
      command,
      existing,
      files.value,
+      resolveProviderRequestBudget,
    ),
  );
  if (!policy.ok) {
@@ -498,6 +524,7 @@ const inspectClientDocument = async (
        command,
        parsed,
        files.value,
+        resolveProviderRequestBudget,
      ),
    );
    if (!policy.ok) {
@@ -515,6 +542,7 @@ const inspectClientDocument = async (
      command,
      parsed,
      files.value,
+      resolveProviderRequestBudget,
    );
    if (registrationCurrent(parsed, desired))
      return { status: "already_current" };
@@ -525,6 +553,8 @@ const inspectClientDocument = async (
    }
  } catch (cause: unknown) {
    if (cause instanceof RegularFileCleanupFailure) throw cause;
+    if (cause instanceof ConfigurationError)
+      return { status: "invalid", remediation: cause.message };
    // Malformed configuration is reported with the invalid remediation.
    void cause;
    return {
@@ -653,20 +683,21 @@ const clientConfigurationDesired = (
  command: readonly string[],
  parsed: ClientConfigurationDocument | undefined,
  sources: readonly ClientConfigurationSource[],
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget?: ProviderRequestBudgetResolver,
 ) => {
  const effective = effectiveClientConfiguration(sources, {
    client,
    document: parsed,
  });
-  const validated = clientRegistrationEnvironment(
-    effective,
-    providerEnvironment,
-  );
-  if (!validated.ok) throw validated.error;
  const format = parsed?.dialect ?? client.format ?? "json";
  const launcher =
    command.length === 0 ? [PRODUCT_IDENTITY.cliBinary, "mcp"] : command;
  if (format === "dsh") {
+    const validated = clientRegistrationEnvironment(
+      effective,
+      providerEnvironment,
+    );
+    if (!validated.ok) throw validated.error;
    const desired = (
      parsed === undefined
        ? new DshCordisDocument("")
@@ -675,8 +706,18 @@ const clientConfigurationDesired = (
    if (!desired.ok) throw desired.error;
    return desired.value;
  }
+  const validated = clientRegistrationEnvironmentDetails(
+    effective,
+    providerEnvironment,
+    "effective",
+    client.name === "codex" || client.name === "kimi"
+      ? resolveProviderRequestBudget
+      : undefined,
+  );
+  if (!validated.ok) throw validated.error;
  // Preserve explicitly configured server settings, never the ambient process
-  // environment. Newly discovered provider paths win only for their own keys.
+  // environment. The effective layered view validates precedence and supplies
+  // timeout facts; the target file's fragment remains the value being written.
  const environment = clientRegistrationEnvironment(
    parsed,
    providerEnvironment,
@@ -708,14 +749,40 @@ const clientConfigurationDesired = (
    ...registration,
    ...(client.name === "codex" || client.name === "grok_build"
      ? {
-          startup_timeout_sec: MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.codexStartupTimeoutSeconds,
+          startup_timeout_sec:
+            client.name === "codex"
+              ? (positiveTimeout(previous, "startup_timeout_sec") ??
+                MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.codexStartupTimeoutSeconds)
+              : MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.codexStartupTimeoutSeconds,
+        }
+      : {}),
+    ...(client.name === "codex"
+      ? {
+          tool_timeout_sec:
+            positiveTimeout(previous, "tool_timeout_sec") ??
+            recommendedMcpToolTimeoutSeconds(validated.value.timeoutInputs),
        }
      : {}),
    ...(client.name === "kimi"
      ? {
-          startupTimeoutMs: MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.kimiStartupTimeoutMs,
-          toolTimeoutMs: MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.kimiToolTimeoutMs,
+          startupTimeoutMs:
+            positiveTimeout(previous, "startupTimeoutMs") ??
+            MCP_STARTUP_POLICY.kimiStartupTimeoutMs,
+          toolTimeoutMs:
+            positiveTimeout(previous, "toolTimeoutMs") ??
+            recommendedMcpToolTimeoutMs(validated.value.timeoutInputs),
        }
      : {}),
  };
 };
+
+const positiveTimeout = (
+  registration: unknown,
+  key: string,
+): number | undefined => {
+  if (typeof registration !== "object" || registration === null) return;
+  const value: unknown = Reflect.get(registration, key);
+  return typeof value === "number" && Number.isFinite(value) && value > 0
+    ? value
+    : undefined;
+};
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@ import {
  LinuxHopperTemporaryCleanupOwner,
  readLinuxDistribution,
  systemLinuxHopperInstallHost,
+  type LinuxHopperInstallHost,
 } from "./LinuxHopper.js";
 import { installMacHopper, systemMacHopperInstallHost } from "./MacHopper.js";
+import { linuxHopperReleaseCacheDirectory } from "./LinuxHopperPublisher.js";
 import {
  clientEvidencePaths,
  supportedClients,
@@ -45,7 +47,10 @@ import {
  RegularFileCleanupFailure,
  retryRegularFileCleanup,
 } from "./RegularFileRead.js";
-import { providerRegistrationEnvironment } from "./SetupRegistrationEnvironment.js";
+import {
+  explicitSetupRegistrationEnvironment,
+  providerRegistrationEnvironment,
+} from "./SetupRegistrationEnvironment.js";
 import {
  msixPackagesDirectory,
  packagePrivateLauncherBlocker,
@@ -57,6 +62,7 @@ import type {
 } from "./SetupTypes.js";
 import type { DoctorScope } from "./Doctor.js";
 import { CURRENT_ENTRYPOINT_PATH } from "../process/CurrentEntrypointPath.js";
+import { analysisProviderSelectorSchema } from "../contracts/providerSelection.js";

 /** Resolve the executable and arguments used in a managed MCP registration. */
 export const setupRegistrationCommand = (
@@ -152,6 +158,12 @@ export const systemSetupHost = (
  return {
    platform,
    homeDirectory,
+    ...(platform === "linux"
+      ? {
+          linuxHopperReleaseCache:
+            linuxHopperReleaseCacheDirectory(environment),
+        }
+      : {}),
    skillDestinations: (clientIds) =>
      skillDestinations(homeDirectory, clientIds, environment, platform),
    ...setupRegistration(platform, homeDirectory, environment),
@@ -160,12 +172,23 @@ export const systemSetupHost = (
    linuxDistribution: readLinuxDistribution,
    close: () =>
      closeSetupResources(resources, macHopperHost, doctorHost, () =>
-        pendingLinuxHopperCleanup.retry(linuxHopperHost.cleanup),
+        closeLinuxHopperInstallHost(linuxHopperHost, pendingLinuxHopperCleanup),
      ),
    initialSetupState: async (
      scope?: DoctorScope,
    ): Promise<SetupInitialState> => {
      const diagnosis = await runDoctor(undefined, doctorHost, scope);
+      const providerEnvironment: SetupProviderEnvironment = {
+        ...providerRegistrationEnvironment(diagnosis.providerInspections ?? []),
+        ...doctorHost.providerRegistrationEnvironment?.(),
+        ...explicitSetupRegistrationEnvironment(environment),
+        ...(diagnosis.hopperPath === undefined
+          ? {}
+          : { HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH: diagnosis.hopperPath }),
+      };
+      const requestedProvider = analysisProviderSelectorSchema.safeParse(
+        environment.REA_ANALYSIS_PROVIDER,
+      );
      return {
        ...(diagnosis.hopperPath === undefined
          ? {}
@@ -175,15 +198,14 @@ export const systemSetupHost = (
        diagnosis.hopperPath === environment.HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH
          ? { hopperLauncherConfigured: true }
          : {}),
-        providerEnvironment: {
-          ...providerRegistrationEnvironment(
-            diagnosis.providerInspections ?? [],
-          ),
-          ...doctorHost.providerRegistrationEnvironment?.(),
-          ...(diagnosis.hopperPath === undefined
-            ? {}
-            : { HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH: diagnosis.hopperPath }),
-        },
+        providerConfigured:
+          diagnosis.hopperPath !== undefined ||
+          diagnosis.providerInspections?.some(
+            ({ configured }) => configured,
+          ) === true ||
+          providerEnvironment.REA_JEB_MCP_URL !== undefined ||
+          (requestedProvider.success && requestedProvider.data !== "auto"),
+        providerEnvironment,
        doctor: diagnosis,
      };
    },
@@ -192,9 +214,19 @@ export const systemSetupHost = (
        const result = await installLinuxHopper(linuxHopperHost);
        if (result.cleanupFailure !== undefined)
          pendingLinuxHopperCleanup.retain(result.cleanupFailure);
-        return result.status === "installed"
-          ? { status: "installed", launcherPath: result.launcherPath }
-          : setupInstallFailure(result.reason, result.packageFailure);
+        if (result.status === "installed")
+          return { status: "installed", launcherPath: result.launcherPath };
+        const failure = setupInstallFailure(
+          result.reason,
+          result.packageFailure,
+          "linux",
+        );
+        return result.verificationFailure !== undefined
+          ? {
+              ...failure,
+              remediation: `${result.verificationFailure.message} ${failure.remediation}`,
+            }
+          : failure;
      }
      if (macHopperHost === undefined)
        return setupInstallFailure("unsupported_host");
@@ -230,7 +262,10 @@ export const systemSetupHost = (
    detectedClients: () => detectClients(homeDirectory, platform, environment),
    supportedClients: () =>
      Promise.resolve(supportedClients(homeDirectory, platform, environment)),
-    ...clientConfigurationOperations(resources),
+    ...clientConfigurationOperations(
+      resources,
+      doctorHost.resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+    ),
    skillNeedsInstall: (clientIds) =>
      canonicalSkillNeedsInstall(
        homeDirectory,
@@ -274,7 +309,10 @@ const setupInstallerDiagnostic = (
    : `${normalized.slice(0, 397).trimEnd()}...`;
 };

-const clientConfigurationOperations = (resources: ArtifactResourceScope) => ({
+const clientConfigurationOperations = (
+  resources: ArtifactResourceScope,
+  resolveProviderRequestBudget: DoctorHost["resolveProviderRequestBudget"],
+) => ({
  configureClient: (
    client: SetupClient,
    providerEnvironment: SetupProviderEnvironment,
@@ -283,7 +321,12 @@ const clientConfigurationOperations = (resources: ArtifactResourceScope) => ({
    runClientConfigurationOperation(resources, async () =>
      client.format === "unsupported"
        ? { status: "skipped" as const }
-        : configureClientConfiguration(client, providerEnvironment, command),
+        : configureClientConfiguration(
+            client,
+            providerEnvironment,
+            command,
+            resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+          ),
    ),
  clientNeedsConfigure: (
    client: SetupClient,
@@ -297,6 +340,7 @@ const clientConfigurationOperations = (resources: ArtifactResourceScope) => ({
            client,
            providerEnvironment,
            command,
+            resolveProviderRequestBudget,
          )),
    ),
  inspectClientConfiguration: (
@@ -305,7 +349,12 @@ const clientConfigurationOperations = (resources: ArtifactResourceScope) => ({
    command: readonly string[],
  ) =>
    runClientConfigurationOperation(resources, () =>
-      inspectClientConfiguration(client, providerEnvironment, command),
+      inspectClientConfiguration(
+        client,
+        providerEnvironment,
+        command,
+        resolveProviderRequestBudget,
+      ),
    ),
 });

@@ -394,6 +443,23 @@ const configurationCleanupError = (
 const errorMessage = (cause: unknown): string =>
  cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause);

+const closeLinuxHopperInstallHost = async (
+  host: LinuxHopperInstallHost,
+  temporaryOwner: LinuxHopperTemporaryCleanupOwner,
+): Promise<string | undefined> => {
+  const reasons: string[] = [];
+  const temporary = await temporaryOwner.retry(host.cleanup);
+  if (temporary !== undefined) reasons.push(temporary);
+  try {
+    await host.close?.();
+  } catch (cause: unknown) {
+    reasons.push(
+      `Linux Hopper publisher cleanup failed: ${errorMessage(cause)}`,
+    );
+  }
+  return reasons.length === 0 ? undefined : reasons.join("; ");
+};
+
 /** Detect supported agents from their config files or stable installation markers. */
 export const detectClients = async (
  home: string,
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { HOPPER_PUBLISHER } from "../domain/hopperPublisher.js";
+import { HOPPER_LINUX_PRIMARY_FINGERPRINT } from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";
 import type { LinuxPackageInstallFailure } from "./LinuxHopper.js";

 export type SetupFailureCode =
@@ -50,6 +51,8 @@ export type HopperInstallFailureReason =
  | "mount"
  | "bundle"
  | "publisher_verification_failed"
+  | "verification_unavailable"
+  | "cleanup_failed"
  | "copy";

 const normalizePackageOutput = (output: string): string =>
@@ -99,6 +102,7 @@ const packageManagerRemediation = (
 export const setupInstallFailure = (
  reason: HopperInstallFailureReason,
  packageFailure?: LinuxPackageInstallFailure,
+  platform: NodeJS.Platform = "darwin",
 ): SetupHopperInstallFailure => {
  switch (reason) {
    case "unsupported_host":
@@ -139,7 +143,7 @@ export const setupInstallFailure = (
        status: "failed",
        code: "unsupported_hopper_build",
        remediation:
-          "The installed Hopper launcher does not match the build supported by this REA release. Unset HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH, reinstall through rea setup, or update REA.",
+          "The installed Hopper launcher does not match the authenticated vendor package. Check HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH and reinstall the official Hopper demo through rea setup.",
      };
    case "cancelled":
      return {
@@ -173,7 +177,24 @@ export const setupInstallFailure = (
      return {
        status: "failed",
        code: "publisher_verification_failed",
-        remediation: `The mounted Hopper application is not signed by the publisher REA pins (${HOPPER_PUBLISHER.bundleIdentifier}, Apple team ${HOPPER_PUBLISHER.teamIdentifier}); nothing was copied or launched. Install Hopper yourself and set HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH to its launcher, then rerun rea setup.`,
+        remediation:
+          platform === "linux"
+            ? `The Hopper package signature did not verify under the pinned primary PGP fingerprint ${HOPPER_LINUX_PRIMARY_FINGERPRINT}; the package manager was not run. Download the official package and retry setup.`
+            : `The mounted Hopper application is not signed by the publisher REA pins (${HOPPER_PUBLISHER.bundleIdentifier}, Apple team ${HOPPER_PUBLISHER.teamIdentifier}); nothing was copied or launched. Install Hopper yourself and set HOPPER_LAUNCHER_PATH to its launcher, then rerun rea setup.`,
+      };
+    case "verification_unavailable":
+      return {
+        status: "failed",
+        code: "publisher_verification_failed",
+        remediation:
+          "REA could not authenticate or retain the signed Hopper package. Check vendor access, native package inspection tools and caller-owned cache permissions, then retry setup.",
+      };
+    case "cleanup_failed":
+      return {
+        status: "failed",
+        code: "cleanup_failed",
+        remediation:
+          "Hopper publisher verification retained temporary cleanup ownership. Retry cleanup before running setup again.",
      };
    case "copy":
      return {
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ export interface SetupDiscovery {
 /** Discover supported clients and current registrations without mutation. */
 export const discoverSetupState = async (input: {
  readonly host: SetupHost;
-  readonly providerEnvironment: SetupProviderEnvironment;
+  readonly providerConfigured: boolean;
  readonly forceHopperInstall: boolean;
  readonly hopperLauncherConfigured?: boolean;
  readonly proposeHopper: boolean;
@@ -65,8 +65,7 @@ export const discoverSetupState = async (input: {
    input.forceHopperInstall ||
    (hopperInstallSupported &&
      input.proposeHopper &&
-      (Object.keys(input.providerEnvironment).length === 0 ||
-        linuxHopperRepairNeeded));
+      (!input.providerConfigured || linuxHopperRepairNeeded));
  const [clients, detectedClients] = await Promise.all([
    input.host.supportedClients(),
    input.host.detectedClients(),
@@ -162,6 +161,14 @@ export const planSetupActions = async (input: {
    const client = byId.get(id);
    return client === undefined ? [] : [client];
  });
+  const hopperCache = input.host.linuxHopperReleaseCache;
+  if (input.discovery.installHopper && hopperCache?.ok === false)
+    return {
+      plannedActions: [],
+      selectedClients,
+      clientsToConfigure: [],
+      blocker: hopperCache.error.message,
+    };
  if (
    selectedClients.length > 0 &&
    input.host.registrationCommandBlocker !== undefined
@@ -200,6 +207,9 @@ export const planSetupActions = async (input: {
  const plannedActions = setupPlan({
    platform: input.host.platform,
    homeDirectory: input.host.homeDirectory,
+    ...(hopperCache?.ok === true
+      ? { hopperCacheDirectory: hopperCache.value }
+      : {}),
    installHopper: input.discovery.installHopper,
    installSkill: input.installSkill,
    skillClientIds: input.skillClientIds,
@@ -265,6 +275,7 @@ const plannedClientWrites = (
 const setupPlan = (input: {
  readonly platform: NodeJS.Platform;
  readonly homeDirectory: string;
+  readonly hopperCacheDirectory?: string;
  readonly installHopper: boolean;
  readonly installSkill: boolean;
  readonly skillClientIds: readonly string[];
@@ -290,7 +301,7 @@ const setupPlan = (input: {
              : "system package manager",
          detail:
            input.platform === "linux"
-              ? "Download, verify, and install Hopper plus its Xvfb demo-session dependencies. For the supported demo build, REA uses a private display and selects Hopper's offered demo mode for each analysis session."
+              ? `Download the current official Hopper demo, verify its PGP publisher and launcher bytes, and retain archive, public-key.asc and release.json under ${input.hopperCacheDirectory ?? `${input.homeDirectory}/.cache/rea/hopper-releases`}/<launcher-sha256> for offline verification. Preserve replaced damaged evidence beside it as <launcher-sha256>.backup-<id>. Install Hopper plus its Xvfb demo-session dependencies. REA uses a private display and selects Hopper's offered demo mode for each analysis session.`
              : "Download the official Hopper package, verify it, and install it. Hopper may show its demo or license prompt when first opened.",
          external: true,
          operation: "install" as const,
@@ -347,9 +358,9 @@ const linuxDisclosure = (family: LinuxPackageFamily) => {
    process.getuid?.() === 0,
  );
  return {
-    networkOrigins: [disclosure.downloadUrl],
+    networkOrigins: disclosure.networkOrigins,
    commands: disclosure.commands,
-    integrity: `${String(disclosure.expectedBytes)} bytes · SHA-1 ${disclosure.expectedSha1}`,
+    integrity: disclosure.integrity,
  };
 };

@@ -1,6 +1,25 @@
 import type { DoctorProviderInspection } from "./Doctor.js";
 import { compareUnicodeCodePoints } from "../domain/unicodeCodePointOrder.js";

+const SELECTED_REGISTRATION_SETTINGS = [
+  "REA_ANALYSIS_PROVIDER",
+  "REA_GHIDRA_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS",
+  "REA_HOPPER_STARTUP_TIMEOUT_MS",
+  "REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS",
+  "REA_MCP_INPUT_SCHEMA_PROFILE",
+] as const;
+
+/** Preserve selected setup settings without copying unrelated process values. */
+export const explicitSetupRegistrationEnvironment = (
+  environment: Readonly<Record<string, string | undefined>>,
+): Readonly<Record<string, string>> =>
+  Object.fromEntries(
+    SELECTED_REGISTRATION_SETTINGS.flatMap((key) => {
+      const value = environment[key];
+      return value === undefined ? [] : [[key, value]];
+    }),
+  );
+
 /** Preserve adapter-published settings independently of runtime readiness. */
 export const providerRegistrationEnvironment = (
  inspections: readonly DoctorProviderInspection[],
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { DoctorReport, DoctorScope, runDoctor } from "./Doctor.js";
 import type { LinuxDistribution } from "./LinuxHopper.js";
+import type { HopperReleaseError } from "./HopperReleaseFeed.js";
 import type {
  SkillDestination,
  SkillInstallResult,
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@ export interface SetupInitialState {
  readonly hopperPath?: string;
  /** Whether the caller explicitly selected a Hopper launcher in its environment. */
  readonly hopperLauncherConfigured?: boolean;
+  /** Whether the caller or host has an analysis provider configuration. */
+  readonly providerConfigured: boolean;
  readonly providerEnvironment: SetupProviderEnvironment;
  readonly doctor: DoctorReport;
 }
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@ export type ClientConfigurationInspection =
 export interface SetupHost {
  readonly platform: NodeJS.Platform;
  readonly homeDirectory: string;
+  readonly linuxHopperReleaseCache?: Result<string, HopperReleaseError>;
  skillDestinations(clientIds: readonly string[]): readonly SkillDestination[];
  readonly registrationCommand: readonly string[];
  /** Why client registration cannot proceed from this host. */
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import type {
+  AnalysisOperation,
+  ProviderIdentity,
+} from "./AnalysisProvider.js";
+import { compareUnicodeCodePoints } from "../domain/unicodeCodePointOrder.js";
+
+/** One provider-owned caveat tied to the operation that reported it. */
+export interface SourceLimitation {
+  readonly provider: ProviderIdentity;
+  readonly operation: AnalysisOperation;
+  readonly limitation: string;
+}
+
+/** Stable exact-provenance key for deduplication before rendering. */
+export const sourceLimitationKey = ({
+  provider,
+  operation,
+  limitation,
+}: SourceLimitation): string =>
+  JSON.stringify([
+    provider.id,
+    provider.name,
+    provider.version,
+    operation,
+    limitation,
+  ]);
+
+/** Render unique source caveats without losing their provider or operation. */
+export const renderSourceLimitations = (
+  limitations: readonly SourceLimitation[],
+): string[] => {
+  const groups = new Map<
+    string,
+    {
+      readonly provider: ProviderIdentity;
+      readonly limitation: string;
+      readonly operations: Set<AnalysisOperation>;
+    }
+  >();
+  for (const { provider, operation, limitation } of limitations) {
+    const key = JSON.stringify([
+      provider.id,
+      provider.name,
+      provider.version,
+      limitation,
+    ]);
+    const group = groups.get(key) ?? {
+      provider,
+      limitation,
+      operations: new Set<AnalysisOperation>(),
+    };
+    group.operations.add(operation);
+    groups.set(key, group);
+  }
+  return [...groups.values()]
+    .map(({ provider, limitation, operations }) => {
+      const version = provider.version === null ? "" : ` ${provider.version}`;
+      const operationList = [...operations].sort(compareUnicodeCodePoints);
+      return `${provider.name} (${provider.id}${version}) ${operationList.join(", ")}: ${limitation}`;
+    })
+    .sort(compareUnicodeCodePoints);
+};
@@ -95,16 +95,18 @@ it("retains unique upstream limits in canonical order across concurrent observat
  let calls = 0;
  const options = { signal: new AbortController().signal };
  const analysis: AnalysisOperationPort = {
-    execute: async (_, parameters, forwarded) => {
+    execute: async (operation, parameters, forwarded) => {
      expect(parameters).toEqual({ marker: true });
      expect(forwarded).toBe(options);
      const call = calls++;
      if (call === 0) await gate;
      else release();
+      const limitation =
+        operation === "list_strings"
+          ? ["first", "shared"]
+          : ["second", "shared"];
      return ok(
-        createAnalysisExecution([], provider, {
-          limitations: call === 0 ? ["first", "shared"] : ["second", "shared"],
-        }),
+        createAnalysisExecution([], provider, { limitations: limitation }),
      );
    },
  };
@@ -117,7 +119,48 @@ it("retains unique upstream limits in canonical order across concurrent observat
  });
  expect(calls).toBe(2);
  expect(result).toEqual(
-    ok({ result: { count: 0 }, limitations: ["first", "second", "shared"] }),
+    ok({
+      result: { count: 0 },
+      limitations: [
+        "Fixture (fixture 1) list_procedures, list_strings: shared",
+        "Fixture (fixture 1) list_procedures: second",
+        "Fixture (fixture 1) list_strings: first",
+      ],
+    }),
+  );
+});
+
+it("deduplicates exact source caveats without merging providers or operations", async () => {
+  const firstProvider = { id: "first", name: "First", version: "1" };
+  const secondProvider = { id: "second", name: "Second", version: "1" };
+  const result = await executeComposedWorkflow(
+    {
+      execute: async (operation, parameters) =>
+        ok(
+          createAnalysisExecution(
+            null,
+            parameters.provider === "second" ? secondProvider : firstProvider,
+            { limitations: ["same source caveat"] },
+          ),
+        ),
+    },
+    async (observed) => {
+      await observed.execute("list_strings", { provider: "first" });
+      await observed.execute("list_strings", { provider: "first" });
+      await observed.execute("list_strings", { provider: "second" });
+      await observed.execute("list_procedures", { provider: "first" });
+      return ok({ count: 0 });
+    },
+  );
+
+  expect(result).toEqual(
+    ok({
+      result: { count: 0 },
+      limitations: [
+        "First (first 1) list_procedures, list_strings: same source caveat",
+        "Second (second 1) list_strings: same source caveat",
+      ],
+    }),
  );
 });

@@ -23,7 +23,11 @@ import {
 import type { JsonValue } from "../domain/jsonValue.js";
 import type { UnknownRegistryPort } from "./investigation/InvestigationRecordPort.js";
 import { UnknownRegistryError } from "../domain/unknownRegistryError.js";
-import { compareUnicodeCodePoints } from "../domain/unicodeCodePointOrder.js";
+import {
+  renderSourceLimitations,
+  sourceLimitationKey,
+  type SourceLimitation,
+} from "./SourceLimitations.js";

 /** Retain the limits of exactly the observations used by one composed call. */
 export const executeComposedWorkflow = async (
@@ -37,21 +41,26 @@ export const executeComposedWorkflow = async (
    AnalysisError
  >
 > => {
-  const limitations = new Set<string>();
+  const limitations = new Map<string, SourceLimitation>();
  const result = await execute({
    execute: async (operation, parameters, options) => {
      const execution = await analysis.execute(operation, parameters, options);
      if (execution.ok)
-        execution.value.limitations.forEach((limitation) =>
-          limitations.add(limitation),
-        );
+        for (const limitation of execution.value.limitations) {
+          const fact = {
+            provider: execution.value.provider,
+            operation,
+            limitation,
+          } satisfies SourceLimitation;
+          limitations.set(sourceLimitationKey(fact), fact);
+        }
      return execution;
    },
  });
  if (!result.ok) return result;
  return ok({
    result: result.value,
-    limitations: [...limitations].sort(compareUnicodeCodePoints),
+    limitations: renderSourceLimitations([...limitations.values()]),
  });
 };

@@ -5,10 +5,7 @@ import { setImmediate } from "node:timers/promises";

 import { resolveJavaScriptSourceMapReferences } from "../../domain/javascript/javascriptSourceMapPaths.js";
 import { analyzeParsedJavaScriptStaticSourceSteps } from "../../domain/javascript/javascriptStaticAnalysis.js";
-import {
-  analyzeParsedJavaScriptSemanticsSteps,
-  classifyParsedJavaScriptOpenReceiversSteps,
-} from "../../domain/javascript/javascriptSemanticAnalysis.js";
+import { analyzeParsedJavaScriptSemanticsSteps } from "../../domain/javascript/javascriptSemanticAnalysis.js";
 import type { JavaScriptSemanticIr } from "../../domain/javascript/javascriptSemanticIr.js";
 import { projectJavaScriptModuleSemantics } from "../../domain/javascript/javascriptModuleSemanticIr.js";
 import { parseJavaScriptSource } from "../../domain/javascript/javascriptSourceParser.js";
@@ -382,12 +379,9 @@ function* analyzeArtifactFileSteps<
    state.parseFailures += 1;
    return;
  }
-  const openReceiverFacts =
-    yield* classifyParsedJavaScriptOpenReceiversSteps(parsed);
  const analysis = yield* analyzeParsedJavaScriptStaticSourceSteps(
    file.text.value,
    parsed,
-    openReceiverFacts,
  );
  const staticFindings = findingCount(analysis);
  yield;
@@ -2495,20 +2495,61 @@ describe("url-reference directory and empty-segment semantics", () => {
    });
  });

-  it.each(["./nested//worker.js", "./nested//../worker.js"])(
-    "does not collapse empty URL path segments: %s",
-    (declaredPath) => {
+  it.each([
+    ["./nested//worker.js", null],
+    ["./nested//../worker.js", "dist/nested/worker.js"],
+  ])(
+    "keeps empty URL path segments significant: %s",
+    (declaredPath, resolvedPath) => {
+      // A dot segment removes the preceding empty segment, never `nested`.
+      expect(new URL(declaredPath, "file:///root/dist/app.mjs").pathname).toBe(
+        resolvedPath === null
+          ? "/root/dist/nested//worker.js"
+          : `/root/${resolvedPath}`,
+      );
+      for (const context of ["url-reference", "html-reference"] as const)
+        expect(
+          resolve({
+            declaredPath,
+            sourcePath: "dist/app.mjs",
+            context,
+            files: fileMap([
+              file("dist/worker.js", "root"),
+              file("dist/nested/worker.js", "root"),
+            ]),
+          }),
+          context,
+        ).toMatchObject({ resolved_path: resolvedPath });
      expect(
        resolve({
          declaredPath,
          sourcePath: "dist/app.mjs",
-          context: "url-reference",
+          context: "module-specifier",
+          moduleKind: "import",
          files: fileMap([
            file("dist/worker.js", "root"),
            file("dist/nested/worker.js", "root"),
          ]),
        }),
-      ).toMatchObject({ resolved_path: null });
+      ).toMatchObject({ resolved_path: resolvedPath });
+      // CommonJS keeps filesystem path semantics.
+      expect(
+        resolve({
+          declaredPath,
+          sourcePath: "dist/app.mjs",
+          context: "module-specifier",
+          moduleKind: "require",
+          files: fileMap([
+            file("dist/worker.js", "root"),
+            file("dist/nested/worker.js", "root"),
+          ]),
+        }),
+      ).toMatchObject({
+        resolved_path:
+          declaredPath === "./nested//worker.js"
+            ? "dist/nested/worker.js"
+            : "dist/worker.js",
+      });
    },
  );

@@ -551,22 +551,24 @@ const contextualCandidate = (
      return unresolvedCandidate("rejected", [
        "The URL reference path percent-decodes to NUL or to bytes that are not UTF-8.",
      ]);
-    // Empty URL segments are significant; canonical filesystem paths cannot
-    // preserve them, including their interaction with following dot segments.
-    if (decoded.includes("//"))
-      return unresolvedCandidate("unavailable", [
-        "Repeated URL path separators cannot be mapped to an exact canonical artifact file.",
-      ]);
-    return exactUrlPathCandidate(
+    const candidate = urlRelativeCandidate(
+      posix.dirname(input.sourcePath),
      decoded,
-      relativeCandidate(input.sourcePath, decoded),
-      "URL",
    );
+    return typeof candidate === "string"
+      ? exactUrlPathCandidate(decoded, candidate, "URL")
+      : candidate;
  }
-  const candidate = relativeCandidate(input.sourcePath, declared);
-  return context === "module-specifier" && input.moduleKind === "import"
-    ? exactUrlPathCandidate(declared, candidate, "module URL")
-    : candidate;
+  if (context === "module-specifier" && input.moduleKind === "import") {
+    const candidate = urlRelativeCandidate(
+      posix.dirname(input.sourcePath),
+      declared,
+    );
+    return typeof candidate === "string"
+      ? exactUrlPathCandidate(declared, candidate, "module URL")
+      : candidate;
+  }
+  return relativeCandidate(input.sourcePath, declared);
 };

 const decodeModuleUrlPath = (
@@ -593,6 +595,78 @@ const relativeCandidate = (sourcePath: string, declared: string): string =>
    ? declared.slice(1)
    : posix.join(posix.dirname(sourcePath), declared);

+/**
+ * A URL path during reference resolution. Above-root `..` markers are kept
+ * apart from segments, so a later `..` cannot cancel an escape, while empty
+ * segments stay removable until the final path is formed.
+ */
+interface UrlPathState {
+  readonly escapes: number;
+  readonly segments: readonly string[];
+}
+
+const urlDirectoryState = (directory: string): UrlPathState => ({
+  escapes: 0,
+  segments: directory === "" || directory === "." ? [] : directory.split("/"),
+});
+
+/**
+ * Apply URL dot segments: `..` removes the previous segment even when it is
+ * empty, so `assets//../app.js` names `assets/app.js`. A final `.` or `..`
+ * leaves directory form, as the URL parser does.
+ */
+const applyUrlReference = (
+  base: UrlPathState,
+  reference: string,
+): UrlPathState => {
+  const absolute = reference.startsWith("/");
+  const segments = absolute ? [] : [...base.segments];
+  let escapes = absolute ? 0 : base.escapes;
+  const parts = (absolute ? reference.slice(1) : reference).split("/");
+  for (const [index, part] of parts.entries()) {
+    if (part !== "." && part !== "..") {
+      segments.push(part);
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (part === "..")
+      if (segments.length > 0) segments.pop();
+      else escapes += 1;
+    if (index === parts.length - 1) segments.push("");
+  }
+  return { escapes, segments };
+};
+
+/** A relative reference replaces the base URL's final path segment. */
+const urlBaseDirectory = (base: UrlPathState): UrlPathState => ({
+  escapes: base.escapes,
+  segments: base.segments.slice(0, -1),
+});
+
+/**
+ * Form the artifact candidate. A remaining empty segment cannot name a
+ * canonical artifact file; a trailing one is directory form. Confinement
+ * rejects a candidate that keeps an above-root marker.
+ */
+const urlPathCandidate = (path: UrlPathState): string | CandidateResolution => {
+  const segments =
+    path.segments.at(-1) === "" ? path.segments.slice(0, -1) : path.segments;
+  if (segments.includes(""))
+    return unresolvedCandidate("unavailable", [
+      "Repeated URL path separators cannot be mapped to an exact canonical artifact file.",
+    ]);
+  return [
+    ...Array.from({ length: path.escapes }, () => ".."),
+    ...segments,
+  ].join("/");
+};
+
+/** Resolve a URL path reference against a canonical directory. */
+const urlRelativeCandidate = (
+  directory: string,
+  reference: string,
+): string | CandidateResolution =>
+  urlPathCandidate(applyUrlReference(urlDirectoryState(directory), reference));
+
 const bareModuleCandidate = (
  input: ResolveArtifactPathInput,
 ): CandidateResolution => {
@@ -1066,11 +1140,12 @@ const htmlCandidate = (
    return unresolvedCandidate("rejected", [
      "The HTML reference path percent-decodes to NUL or to bytes that are not UTF-8.",
    ]);
-  if (declaredPath.startsWith("/")) return declaredPath.slice(1);
+  if (declaredPath.startsWith("/"))
+    return urlRelativeCandidate("", declaredPath);
  if (base === undefined || base === null || base === "")
    return declaredPath === ""
      ? input.sourcePath
-      : posix.join(posix.dirname(input.sourcePath), declaredPath);
+      : urlRelativeCandidate(posix.dirname(input.sourcePath), declaredPath);
  // A local base href is a second untrusted path input; apply the same
  // admission rules a declared path gets so it cannot smuggle traversal or
  // separator syntax past canonicalization.
@@ -1083,12 +1158,21 @@ const htmlCandidate = (
    return unresolvedCandidate("rejected", [
      "The document base href path percent-decodes to NUL or to bytes that are not UTF-8.",
    ]);
-  const basePath = decodedBase.startsWith("/")
-    ? decodedBase.slice(1)
-    : posix.join(posix.dirname(input.sourcePath), decodedBase);
-  if (declaredPath === "")
-    return exactUrlPathCandidate(decodedBase, basePath, "HTML");
-  return posix.join(htmlBaseDirectory(decodedBase, basePath), declaredPath);
+  // Keep the base's empty segments and escapes until the reference is
+  // applied; only the final path must name a canonical artifact file.
+  const baseState = applyUrlReference(
+    urlDirectoryState(posix.dirname(input.sourcePath)),
+    decodedBase,
+  );
+  if (declaredPath === "") {
+    const basePath = urlPathCandidate(baseState);
+    return typeof basePath === "string"
+      ? exactUrlPathCandidate(decodedBase, basePath, "HTML")
+      : basePath;
+  }
+  return urlPathCandidate(
+    applyUrlReference(urlBaseDirectory(baseState), declaredPath),
+  );
 };

 const exactUrlPathCandidate = (
@@ -1112,9 +1196,6 @@ const urlPathIsDirectory = (path: string): boolean =>
  path === "." ||
  path === "..";

-const htmlBaseDirectory = (base: string, basePath: string): string =>
-  urlPathIsDirectory(base) ? basePath : posix.dirname(basePath);
-
 const confineCandidate = (candidate: string): string | CandidateResolution => {
  const normalized = normalizeJoinedLogicalPath(candidate);
  if (logicalPathEscapesRoot(normalized))
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ const paths = [
  "assets/app.js",
  "renderer/app.js",
  "renderer/a/app.js",
+  "renderer/assets/app.js",
  "app.js",
 ];
 const files = new Map<string, JavaScriptArtifactFile>(
@@ -105,6 +106,26 @@ describe("HTML base href dot segments", () => {
    },
  );
 });
+describe("HTML base href empty segments", () => {
+  it("lets the script reference remove an empty segment from the base", () => {
+    // URL resolution keeps the base's empty segment until `..` removes it.
+    expect(
+      new URL("../app.js", new URL("./assets//", documentUrl)).pathname,
+    ).toBe("/renderer/assets/app.js");
+    expect(resolve("../app.js", "./assets//")).toMatchObject({
+      resolution_status: "resolved",
+      resolved_path: "renderer/assets/app.js",
+    });
+  });
+  it("keeps an above-root base escape when the reference also climbs", () => {
+    expect(resolve("../app.js", "../../")).toMatchObject({
+      resolution_status: "rejected",
+      limitations: [
+        "The resolved candidate escapes the canonical artifact root.",
+      ],
+    });
+  });
+});
 describe("HTML base href path syntax", () => {
  it.each(["%2e%2e/secret/", "/a/%2e%2e/", "/a\\b/", "a\0b"])(
    "rejects base href %j with the same admission rules a declared path gets",
@@ -257,6 +257,56 @@ describe("native UI action trace", () => {
      }),
    );
  });
+  it("carries source-owned reference limitations into trace output without changing coverage", async () => {
+    const limitation = "SEH handler targets may be outside the function body.";
+    const run = async (limitations: readonly string[]) => {
+      const result = await new EnhancedTools(
+        testAnalysis({
+          procedure_address: () => execution("procedure_address", "0x1000"),
+          procedure_references: () =>
+            ok(
+              createAnalysisExecution(
+                {
+                  reference_kinds_available: false,
+                  references: [],
+                  unresolved_calls: [],
+                },
+                { id: "ghidra", name: "Ghidra", version: "fixture" },
+                { limitations },
+              ),
+            ),
+          procedure_callees: (parameters) =>
+            execution(
+              "procedure_callees",
+              parameters.procedure === "0x1000" ? ["0x2000"] : [],
+            ),
+        }),
+      ).execute("trace_native_ui_action", { action: "0x1000" });
+      if (!result.ok) throw result.error;
+      return nativeInvestigationTraceSchema.parse(result.value);
+    };
+
+    const withSourceLimitation = await run([limitation]);
+    const withoutSourceLimitation = await run([]);
+
+    expect(withSourceLimitation.limitations).toContain(
+      `Ghidra (ghidra fixture) procedure_references: ${limitation}`,
+    );
+    expect(
+      withSourceLimitation.limitations.filter((entry) =>
+        entry.endsWith(`procedure_references: ${limitation}`),
+      ),
+    ).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(withSourceLimitation.coverage).toEqual(
+      withoutSourceLimitation.coverage,
+    );
+    expect(withSourceLimitation.coverage).toContainEqual(
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        facet: "static_native_calls",
+        status: "partial",
+      }),
+    );
+  });
  it("accepts an explicit native seed without an authored UI connection", async () => {
    const result = await new EnhancedTools(
      testAnalysis({
@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@ describe("untyped native call route fallback", () => {
                operation === "procedure_references"
                  ? referenceProvider
                  : fallbackProvider,
+                {
+                  limitations:
+                    operation === "procedure_references"
+                      ? ["Reference-kind metadata is incomplete."]
+                      : ["Callee enumeration is limited to named functions."],
+                },
              ),
            );
          },
@@ -54,6 +60,18 @@ describe("untyped native call route fallback", () => {
            resolution: "inferred",
          })),
          unknowns: [{ ...unknown, provider: referenceProvider }],
+          limitations: [
+            {
+              provider: referenceProvider,
+              operation: "procedure_references",
+              limitation: "Reference-kind metadata is incomplete.",
+            },
+            {
+              provider: fallbackProvider,
+              operation: "procedure_callees",
+              limitation: "Callee enumeration is limited to named functions.",
+            },
+          ],
        },
      });
    },
@@ -105,6 +123,7 @@ describe("typed native call routes", () => {
                ],
              },
              provider,
+              { limitations: ["SEH handler targets may be outside the body."] },
            ),
          ),
      },
@@ -126,6 +145,13 @@ describe("typed native call routes", () => {
          },
        ],
        unknowns: [{ address: "0x1008" }],
+        limitations: [
+          {
+            provider,
+            operation: "procedure_references",
+            limitation: "SEH handler targets may be outside the body.",
+          },
+        ],
      },
    });
  });
@@ -146,12 +172,26 @@ describe("typed native call routes", () => {
    });
    expect(calls).toBe(1);
    const malformed = await readNativeCallRoutes(
-      { execute: async () => ok(createAnalysisExecution({}, provider)) },
+      {
+        execute: async () =>
+          ok(
+            createAnalysisExecution({}, provider, {
+              limitations: ["Malformed output still has source caveats."],
+            }),
+          ),
+      },
      "0x1000",
    );
    expect(malformed).toMatchObject({
      ok: false,
      error: { _tag: "AnalysisOutputError" },
+      limitations: [
+        {
+          provider,
+          operation: "procedure_references",
+          limitation: "Malformed output still has source caveats.",
+        },
+      ],
    });
  });
  it("rejects omitted unresolved-call observations instead of claiming none", async () => {
@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ import {
  referenceKindSchema,
 } from "../../domain/hopperValues.js";
 import { AnalysisOutputError } from "../../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
+import type { SourceLimitation } from "../SourceLimitations.js";
+
+const limitationsFrom = (
+  operation: SourceLimitation["operation"],
+  provider: ProviderIdentity,
+  limitations: readonly string[],
+): SourceLimitation[] =>
+  limitations.map((limitation) => ({ provider, operation, limitation }));

 const referencesSchema = z.object({
  reference_kinds_available: z.boolean(),
@@ -24,6 +32,33 @@ const referencesSchema = z.object({
    z.object({ address: z.string(), reason: z.string() }),
  ),
 });
+
+const typedCallRoutes = (
+  references: z.infer<typeof referencesSchema>["references"],
+) => {
+  const calls = references.filter(({ kind }) => kind.available && kind.call);
+  const countBySite = new Map<string, Set<string>>();
+  for (const call of calls) {
+    const targets = countBySite.get(call.source_address) ?? new Set<string>();
+    targets.add(call.target_address);
+    countBySite.set(call.source_address, targets);
+  }
+  return calls.map((call) => ({
+    address: call.target_procedure?.address ?? call.target_address,
+    site: call.source_address,
+    relation:
+      call.kind.available && (call.kind.computed || call.kind.indirect)
+        ? ("indirect_call" as const)
+        : ("direct_call" as const),
+    resolution:
+      (countBySite.get(call.source_address)?.size ?? 0) > 1
+        ? ("ambiguous" as const)
+        : call.kind.available && (call.kind.computed || call.kind.indirect)
+          ? ("resolved" as const)
+          : ("observed" as const),
+  }));
+};
+
 /** Prefer typed static call references, preserving computed targets and targetless sites. */
 export const readNativeCallRoutes = async (
  analysis: AnalysisOperationPort,
@@ -45,7 +80,13 @@ export const readNativeCallRoutes = async (
    reason: string;
    provider: ProviderIdentity;
  }> = [];
+  let limitations: SourceLimitation[] = [];
  if (execution.ok) {
+    limitations = limitationsFrom(
+      "procedure_references",
+      execution.value.provider,
+      execution.value.limitations,
+    );
    const parsed = referencesSchema.safeParse(execution.value.result);
    if (!parsed.success)
      return {
@@ -55,6 +96,7 @@ export const readNativeCallRoutes = async (
          "Invalid typed call references",
        ),
        unknowns,
+        limitations,
      };
    // Missing detailed reference flags do not invalidate observed targetless
    // calls. Keep their producing provider even if another provider supplies
@@ -68,48 +110,38 @@ export const readNativeCallRoutes = async (
      parsed.data.reference_kinds_available === true ||
      (references.length > 0 && references.every(({ kind }) => kind.available))
    ) {
-      const calls = references.filter(
-        ({ kind }) => kind.available && kind.call,
-      );
-      const countBySite = new Map<string, Set<string>>();
-      for (const call of calls) {
-        const targets =
-          countBySite.get(call.source_address) ?? new Set<string>();
-        targets.add(call.target_address);
-        countBySite.set(call.source_address, targets);
-      }
      return {
        ok: true as const,
        value: {
          provider: execution.value.provider,
-          routes: calls.map((call) => ({
-            address: call.target_procedure?.address ?? call.target_address,
-            site: call.source_address,
-            relation:
-              call.kind.available && (call.kind.computed || call.kind.indirect)
-                ? ("indirect_call" as const)
-                : ("direct_call" as const),
-            resolution:
-              (countBySite.get(call.source_address)?.size ?? 0) > 1
-                ? ("ambiguous" as const)
-                : call.kind.available &&
-                    (call.kind.computed || call.kind.indirect)
-                  ? ("resolved" as const)
-                  : ("observed" as const),
-          })),
+          routes: typedCallRoutes(references),
          unknowns,
+          limitations,
        },
      };
    }
  } else if (execution.error._tag !== "AnalysisCapabilityUnavailableError")
-    return { ok: false as const, error: execution.error, unknowns };
+    return {
+      ok: false as const,
+      error: execution.error,
+      unknowns,
+      limitations,
+    };
  const callees = await analysis.execute(
    "procedure_callees",
    { procedure },
    options,
  );
  if (!callees.ok)
-    return { ok: false as const, error: callees.error, unknowns };
+    return { ok: false as const, error: callees.error, unknowns, limitations };
+  limitations = [
+    ...limitations,
+    ...limitationsFrom(
+      "procedure_callees",
+      callees.value.provider,
+      callees.value.limitations,
+    ),
+  ];
  const parsed = parseRelatedAddresses(callees.value.result, "callees");
  return parsed.ok
    ? {
@@ -123,7 +155,8 @@ export const readNativeCallRoutes = async (
            resolution: "inferred" as const,
          })),
          unknowns,
+          limitations,
        },
      }
-    : { ok: false as const, error: parsed.error, unknowns };
+    : { ok: false as const, error: parsed.error, unknowns, limitations };
 };
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ import { nativeDispatchMetadataResultSchema } from "../../domain/native/objcSwif
 import { inspectNativeDispatch } from "./NativeDispatchMetadataInspection.js";
 import { jsonValueSchema } from "../../domain/jsonValue.js";
 import { readNativeCallRoutes } from "./NativeCallRoutes.js";
+import {
+  renderSourceLimitations,
+  type SourceLimitation,
+} from "../SourceLimitations.js";
 import { err, ok } from "../../domain/result.js";
 import { AnalysisOutputError } from "../../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
 import { projectAnalysisError } from "../../domain/analysisErrorProjection.js";
@@ -244,6 +248,10 @@ export const traceNativeUiAction = async (
            : graph.truncated && trace.reason === null
              ? "native_trace_output_bound_reached"
              : trace.reason,
+        limitations: [
+          ...trace.limitations,
+          ...renderSourceLimitations(expanded.limitations),
+        ],
      }),
    ),
  );
@@ -398,6 +406,7 @@ const addDirectCallees = async (input: {
  let examined = 0;
  let omitted = 0;
  let truncated = false;
+  const sourceLimitations: SourceLimitation[] = [];
  while (queueIndex < queue.length) {
    const current = queue[queueIndex++];
    if (current === undefined || visited.has(current.address)) continue;
@@ -419,6 +428,9 @@ const addDirectCallees = async (input: {
      "provider",
    );
    examined += 1;
+    sourceLimitations.push(
+      ...(execution.ok ? execution.value.limitations : execution.limitations),
+    );
    if (!execution.ok && execution.error._tag === "AnalysisCancelledError")
      return { error: execution.error };
    const unknowns = execution.ok
@@ -539,6 +551,7 @@ const addDirectCallees = async (input: {
    examined,
    omitted,
    truncated,
+    limitations: sourceLimitations,
  };
 };

@@ -291,31 +291,32 @@ const nativeFlowDossier = (
  });
 };

-const callBindingAnalysis = (
-  callerAddress: string,
-  calleeAddress: string,
-  caller: ReturnType<typeof jsonValueSchema.parse>,
-  callee: ReturnType<typeof jsonValueSchema.parse>,
-): AnalysisOperationPort => ({
+const callBindingAnalysis = (input: {
+  readonly callerAddress: string;
+  readonly calleeAddress: string;
+  readonly caller: ReturnType<typeof jsonValueSchema.parse>;
+  readonly callee: ReturnType<typeof jsonValueSchema.parse>;
+  readonly targetLimitations?: readonly string[];
+}): AnalysisOperationPort => ({
  execute: async (operation, parameters) => {
    if (operation === "resolve_native_call_targets")
      return ok(
        createAnalysisExecution(
          {
            call_site: String(parameters.address),
-            procedure: calleeAddress,
+            procedure: input.calleeAddress,
            status: "direct",
            mechanism: "direct",
            targets: [
              {
-                address: calleeAddress,
-                procedure: calleeAddress,
+                address: input.calleeAddress,
+                procedure: input.calleeAddress,
                status: "direct",
                basis: "provider-reference",
                references: [],
              },
            ],
-            limitations: [],
+            limitations: [...(input.targetLimitations ?? [])],
          },
          provider,
          { subject },
@@ -324,13 +325,15 @@ const callBindingAnalysis = (
    if (operation !== "analyze_function")
      throw new Error(`Unexpected native trace operation: ${operation}`);
    if (
-      parameters.procedure !== callerAddress &&
-      parameters.procedure !== calleeAddress
+      parameters.procedure !== input.callerAddress &&
+      parameters.procedure !== input.calleeAddress
    )
      throw new Error(`Unexpected procedure: ${String(parameters.procedure)}`);
    return ok(
      createAnalysisExecution(
-        parameters.procedure === callerAddress ? caller : callee,
+        parameters.procedure === input.callerAddress
+          ? input.caller
+          : input.callee,
        provider,
        { subject },
      ),
@@ -430,6 +433,40 @@ describe("native value failed-callee traversal", () => {
 });

 describe("native value call-binding fan-out", () => {
+  it("retains limitations embedded in resolved call-target results", async () => {
+    const callerAddress = "0x1000";
+    const calleeAddress = "0x2000";
+    const base = functionDossierSchema.parse(ghidraFunctionDossier());
+    const caller = nativeFlowDossier(base, {
+      address: callerAddress,
+      name: "caller",
+      operations: [node("call", callerAddress, "CALL")],
+      parameters: [],
+    });
+    const callee = nativeFlowDossier(base, {
+      address: calleeAddress,
+      name: "callee",
+      operations: [],
+      parameters: [],
+    });
+    const caveat = "Only statically resolved call sites are included.";
+    const result = await traceNativeValues(
+      callBindingAnalysis({
+        callerAddress,
+        calleeAddress,
+        caller,
+        callee,
+        targetLimitations: [caveat],
+      }),
+      { procedure: callerAddress, max_functions: 2 },
+    );
+
+    if (!result.ok) throw result.error;
+    expect(nativeValueTraceSchema.parse(result.value).limitations).toContain(
+      `Fixture (fixture 1) resolve_native_call_targets: ${caveat}`,
+    );
+  });
+
  it("preserves binding order and edge-budget behavior for repeated callees", async () => {
    const callCount = 128;
    const callerAddress = "0x1000";
@@ -455,12 +492,12 @@ describe("native value call-binding fan-out", () => {
      operations: [node("return", calleeAddress, "RETURN")],
      parameters: [{ ordinal: 0, name: "value", data_type: "/int" }],
    });
-    const fanoutAnalysis = callBindingAnalysis(
+    const fanoutAnalysis = callBindingAnalysis({
      callerAddress,
      calleeAddress,
      caller,
      callee,
-    );
+    });
    const expectedEdges = [
      ...Array.from({ length: callCount }, (_, index) => ({
        source: `${callerAddress}/call-${index}`,
@@ -803,7 +840,12 @@ describe("native value byte-bound call bindings", () => {
      ],
    });
    const result = await traceNativeValues(
-      callBindingAnalysis("0x1000", "0x2000", caller, callee),
+      callBindingAnalysis({
+        callerAddress: "0x1000",
+        calleeAddress: "0x2000",
+        caller,
+        callee,
+      }),
      { procedure: "0x1000" },
    );
    if (!result.ok) throw result.error;
@@ -13,6 +13,10 @@ import { err, ok } from "../../domain/result.js";
 import type { AnalysisOperationPort } from "../AnalysisProvider.js";
 import type { EnhancedResult } from "../EnhancedToolTypes.js";
 import { jsonParts } from "../../domain/jsonSerialization.js";
+import {
+  renderSourceLimitations,
+  type SourceLimitation,
+} from "../SourceLimitations.js";

 const NODE_PAYLOAD_BYTES = 8 * 1024 * 1024;

@@ -27,6 +31,7 @@ export const traceNativeValues = async (
  const edges: typeof nativeValueTraceSchema._output.edges = [];
  const procedures: typeof nativeValueTraceSchema._output.procedures = [];
  const unknowns: typeof nativeValueTraceSchema._output.unknowns = [];
+  const sourceLimitations: SourceLimitation[] = [];
  const callBindings: {
    caller: string;
    callee: string;
@@ -280,6 +285,13 @@ export const traceNativeValues = async (
            "Invalid static call resolution",
          ),
        );
+      sourceLimitations.push(
+        ...targets.data.limitations.map((limitation) => ({
+          provider: resolved.value.provider,
+          operation: "resolve_native_call_targets" as const,
+          limitation,
+        })),
+      );
      if (targets.data.targets.length === 0)
        unknowns.push({
          procedure: address,
@@ -424,6 +436,7 @@ export const traceNativeValues = async (
      "Static decompiler def-use graphs cover recovered block members; when membership is unavailable they exclude operations marked dead. Logical CALL argument positions bind to recovered HighParam ordinals and RETURN values bind to recovered CALL outputs; these are decompiler-derived dependencies, not original source or runtime observations. Missing parameters, variadic arguments and alias dependencies remain unknown.",
      "LOAD and STORE are memory operations; object fields, persistent state and RNG semantics are not inferred from names or pseudocode.",
      "Traversal caps depth, decompilations, call-site resolutions, nodes, edges and node payloads (8 MiB). Complete serialized output is bounded to 32 MiB. Pagination reruns analysis and returns edges whose source is on the node page; endpoints outside the page retain stable identities.",
+      ...renderSourceLimitations(sourceLimitations),
    ],
  });
  if (Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(result)) > 32 * 1024 * 1024)
@@ -8,8 +8,13 @@ import { ArtifactReaderFailure } from "./ArtifactReader.js";
 import type { SafeOutputTree } from "./SafeOutputTree.js";
 import type { PrivateRuntimeRoot } from "../process/PrivateRuntimeRoot.js";

-/** One artifact resource and its format-specific cleanup owner. */
+/** One artifact resource and the capability that owns its cleanup. */
 export type ArtifactResourceOwner =
+  | {
+      readonly kind: "lease";
+      readonly resource: string;
+      readonly lease: { release(): Promise<void> };
+    }
  | {
      readonly kind: "javascript-source-analysis";
      readonly resource: string;
@@ -156,6 +161,9 @@ export class ArtifactResourceScope {

 const cleanup = async (owner: ArtifactResourceOwner): Promise<void> => {
  switch (owner.kind) {
+    case "lease":
+      await owner.lease.release();
+      return;
    case "javascript-source-analysis":
      await owner.analysis.close();
      return;
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ import {
  isUIKitRuntimeConnectionClass,
 } from "../../domain/apple/interfaceBuilderKeyedArchive.js";
 import { DirectoryArtifactReader } from "../DirectoryArtifactReader.js";
-import { projectPlistValue } from "../../domain/apple/plistValue.js";
+import {
+  projectPlistValue,
+  unknownDateLimitation,
+} from "../../domain/apple/plistValue.js";
 import {
  omittedPrototypeKeysLimitation,
  parseXmlPropertyList,
@@ -58,6 +61,7 @@ export const analyzeInterfaceBuilderBundle = async (input: {
  const incompleteHierarchies = new Map<string, number>();
  const unresolvedConnections = new Map<string, number>();
  const prototypeKeyOmissions = new Map<string, number | null>();
+  const unknownDates = new Map<string, number>();
  let omitted = 0;
  let attempted = 0;
  let aggregateInputBytes = 0;
@@ -131,16 +135,21 @@ export const analyzeInterfaceBuilderBundle = async (input: {
          binaryPrototypeKeyObserved =
            decodedReservation.binaryPrototypeKeyObserved;
        }
-        const { value: raw, omittedPrototypeKeys } =
-          nib === null
-            ? decodePlist(bytes, xmlText, binaryPrototypeKeyObserved)
-            : { value: nib.raw, omittedPrototypeKeys: 0 };
+        const {
+          value: raw,
+          omittedPrototypeKeys,
+          unknownDateCount,
+        } = nib === null
+          ? decodePlist(bytes, xmlText, binaryPrototypeKeyObserved)
+          : { value: nib.raw, omittedPrototypeKeys: 0, unknownDateCount: 0 };
        if (nib !== null && nib.omitted > 0)
          incompleteHierarchies.set(entry.path, nib.omitted);
        if (nib !== null && nib.unresolvedConnections > 0)
          unresolvedConnections.set(entry.path, nib.unresolvedConnections);
        if (omittedPrototypeKeys !== 0)
          prototypeKeyOmissions.set(entry.path, omittedPrototypeKeys);
+        if (unknownDateCount !== 0)
+          unknownDates.set(entry.path, unknownDateCount);
        const documentHash = createHash("sha256").update(bytes).digest("hex");
        documents.push({
          relativePath: entry.path,
@@ -178,6 +187,7 @@ export const analyzeInterfaceBuilderBundle = async (input: {
    incompleteHierarchies,
    unresolvedConnections,
    prototypeKeyOmissions,
+    unknownDates,
    invalid,
    omittedArchives,
    unreportedOmittedArchives,
@@ -246,6 +256,7 @@ const finalizeHierarchyCoverage = (
    incompleteHierarchies: ReadonlyMap<string, number>;
    unresolvedConnections: ReadonlyMap<string, number>;
    prototypeKeyOmissions: ReadonlyMap<string, number | null>;
+    unknownDates: ReadonlyMap<string, number>;
    invalid: readonly string[];
    omittedArchives: readonly { path: string; reason: string }[];
    unreportedOmittedArchives: number;
@@ -257,6 +268,7 @@ const finalizeHierarchyCoverage = (
    incompleteHierarchies,
    unresolvedConnections,
    prototypeKeyOmissions,
+    unknownDates,
    invalid,
    omittedArchives,
    unreportedOmittedArchives,
@@ -342,6 +354,9 @@ const finalizeHierarchyCoverage = (
      ...[...prototypeKeyOmissions].map(
        ([path, count]) => `${path}: ${omittedPrototypeKeysLimitation(count)}`,
      ),
+      ...[...unknownDates].map(
+        ([path, count]) => `${path}: ${unknownDateLimitation(count)}`,
+      ),
      ...omittedArchives.map(
        ({ path, reason }) =>
          `${path}: omitted because ${reason.replaceAll("_", " ")}.`,
@@ -693,6 +708,7 @@ const decodePlist = (
 ): {
  readonly value: JsonValue;
  readonly omittedPrototypeKeys: number | null;
+  readonly unknownDateCount: number;
 } => {
  const binary = hasBinaryPlistSignature(bytes);
  const { value, omittedPrototypeKeys } = binary
@@ -701,5 +717,10 @@ const decodePlist = (
        omittedPrototypeKeys: binaryPrototypeKeyObserved ? null : 0,
      }
    : parseXmlPropertyList(xmlText ?? decodeXmlPlistText(bytes));
-  return { value: projectPlistValue(value).value, omittedPrototypeKeys };
+  const projected = projectPlistValue(value);
+  return {
+    value: projected.value,
+    omittedPrototypeKeys,
+    unknownDateCount: projected.unknownDateCount,
+  };
 };
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@ import {
  AnalysisInputError,
  AnalysisUnsupportedTargetError,
 } from "../../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
-import { projectPlistValue } from "../../domain/apple/plistValue.js";
+import {
+  projectPlistValue,
+  unknownDateLimitation,
+} from "../../domain/apple/plistValue.js";
 import { createPlistNumberProjection } from "../../domain/apple/plistNumbers.js";
 import {
  binaryPlistNumberLiterals,
@@ -75,9 +78,11 @@ export const decodeKeyedArchiveBytes = (
            : 0,
        }
      : parseXmlPropertyList(xmlText ?? "");
-  const { value: plistValue, unknownRealCount } = projectPlistValue(
-    parsed.value,
-  );
+  const {
+    value: plistValue,
+    unknownRealCount,
+    unknownDateCount,
+  } = projectPlistValue(parsed.value);
  const graph = projectKeyedArchive(plistValue, selection);
  const numbers = createPlistNumberProjection(
    binary
@@ -112,6 +117,9 @@ export const decodeKeyedArchiveBytes = (
        : [
            `${String(unknownRealCount)} non-finite real value(s) are reported as { "$plist_type": "real", "value": null } because JSON evidence cannot preserve NaN vs infinity.`,
          ]),
+      ...(unknownDateCount === 0
+        ? []
+        : [unknownDateLimitation(unknownDateCount)]),
    ],
  };
 };
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 import { afterEach, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import type { Browser } from "playwright-core";
+import type {
+  Browser,
+  BrowserContext,
+  CDPSession,
+  Page,
+} from "playwright-core";

 import { browserScenarioSchema } from "../domain/browserScenario.js";
 import {
@@ -157,11 +162,12 @@ it("keeps attached-target ownership after the cleanup response timeout", async (

 it("does not configure a late attached connection after cancellation", async () => {
  const connection =
-    deferred<Pick<Browser, "contexts" | "close" | "version">>();
+    deferred<Pick<Browser, "contexts" | "close" | "isConnected" | "version">>();
  const connectionStarted = deferred<void>();
  const connectedBrowser = {
    close: vi.fn(async () => undefined),
    contexts: vi.fn(() => []),
+    isConnected: vi.fn(() => true),
    version: () => "fixture",
  };
  const controller = new AbortController();
@@ -211,6 +217,7 @@ it("closes an attached connection when cancellation starts target discovery", as
      controller.abort();
      return [];
    }),
+    isConnected: vi.fn(() => true),
    version: () => "fixture",
  };
  const launcher = {
@@ -245,6 +252,265 @@ it("closes an attached connection when cancellation starts target discovery", as
  expect(connectedBrowser.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
 });

+const attachedBrowserFixture = (
+  callbacks: {
+    readonly send?: (method: string, parameters?: unknown) => Promise<unknown>;
+    readonly emulateMedia?: (
+      options: Parameters<Page["emulateMedia"]>[0],
+    ) => Promise<void>;
+    readonly detach?: () => Promise<void>;
+    readonly closeBrowser?: () => Promise<void>;
+    readonly isTargetClosed?: () => boolean;
+    readonly isBrowserConnected?: () => boolean;
+  } = {},
+) => {
+  const discoverySession = {
+    send: vi.fn(async () => ({ targetInfo: { targetId: "page-1" } })),
+    detach: vi.fn(async () => undefined),
+  } as unknown as CDPSession;
+  const environmentSession = {
+    send: vi.fn(callbacks.send ?? (async () => undefined)),
+    detach: vi.fn(callbacks.detach ?? (async () => undefined)),
+  } as unknown as CDPSession;
+  const page = {
+    emulateMedia: vi.fn(callbacks.emulateMedia ?? (async () => undefined)),
+    isClosed: vi.fn(callbacks.isTargetClosed ?? (() => false)),
+  } as unknown as Page;
+  const context = {
+    pages: () => [page],
+    newCDPSession: vi
+      .fn()
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(discoverySession)
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(environmentSession),
+  } as unknown as BrowserContext;
+  const browser = {
+    close: vi.fn(callbacks.closeBrowser ?? (async () => undefined)),
+    contexts: () => [context],
+    isConnected: vi.fn(callbacks.isBrowserConnected ?? (() => true)),
+    version: () => "fixture",
+  } as unknown as Pick<
+    Browser,
+    "contexts" | "close" | "isConnected" | "version"
+  >;
+  const scenario = browserScenarioSchema.parse({
+    browser: {
+      mode: "connect",
+      cdp_endpoint: "http://127.0.0.1:9222",
+      target_id: "page-1",
+    },
+    start_url: { url: "https://example.test" },
+    actions: [{ step_id: "wait", action: "wait_for_timeout", duration_ms: 1 }],
+  });
+  return {
+    browser,
+    environmentSession,
+    page,
+    open: (signal?: AbortSignal) =>
+      openPlaywrightScenarioBrowser(
+        scenario,
+        {},
+        {
+          launcher: {
+            connectOverCDP: async () => browser,
+            launchPersistentContext: async () => {
+              throw new Error("Unexpected launch");
+            },
+          },
+          signal,
+        },
+      ),
+  };
+};
+
+it("restores its environment overrides before releasing an attached browser", async () => {
+  const cleanupOrder: string[] = [];
+  const fixture = attachedBrowserFixture({
+    send: async (method, parameters) => {
+      if (
+        method === "Emulation.setTimezoneOverride" &&
+        (parameters as { timezoneId?: string }).timezoneId === ""
+      )
+        cleanupOrder.push("timezone");
+      if (
+        method === "Emulation.setLocaleOverride" &&
+        (parameters as { locale?: string }).locale === ""
+      )
+        cleanupOrder.push("locale");
+      if (method === "Emulation.clearDeviceMetricsOverride")
+        cleanupOrder.push("device-metrics");
+    },
+    emulateMedia: async (options) => {
+      if (options?.colorScheme === null) cleanupOrder.push("media");
+    },
+    detach: async () => {
+      cleanupOrder.push("session");
+    },
+    closeBrowser: async () => {
+      cleanupOrder.push("browser");
+    },
+  });
+  const opened = await fixture.open();
+  await opened.cleanup.close();
+
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.setLocaleOverride",
+    { locale: "en-US" },
+  );
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.setLocaleOverride",
+    { locale: "" },
+  );
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.setTimezoneOverride",
+    { timezoneId: "" },
+  );
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.clearDeviceMetricsOverride",
+  );
+  expect(fixture.page.emulateMedia).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith({
+    colorScheme: null,
+    reducedMotion: null,
+  });
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.detach).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  expect(fixture.browser.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  expect(cleanupOrder).toEqual([
+    "timezone",
+    "locale",
+    "device-metrics",
+    "media",
+    "session",
+    "browser",
+  ]);
+});
+
+it("retains attached environment ownership until a failed reset can be retried", async () => {
+  let localeResetAttempts = 0;
+  const fixture = attachedBrowserFixture({
+    send: async (method, parameters) => {
+      if (
+        method === "Emulation.setLocaleOverride" &&
+        (parameters as { locale?: string }).locale === ""
+      ) {
+        localeResetAttempts += 1;
+        if (localeResetAttempts === 1) throw new Error("reset interrupted");
+      }
+    },
+  });
+  const opened = await fixture.open();
+
+  await expect(opened.cleanup.close()).rejects.toMatchObject({
+    reason: "cleanup_failed",
+    cleanup: { reason: "reset interrupted" },
+  });
+  expect(fixture.browser.close).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.detach).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+  await opened.cleanup.close();
+  expect(localeResetAttempts).toBe(2);
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.detach).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  expect(fixture.browser.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+});
+
+it("does not clear an attached environment override it failed to acquire", async () => {
+  const fixture = attachedBrowserFixture({
+    send: async (method, parameters) => {
+      if (
+        method === "Emulation.setLocaleOverride" &&
+        (parameters as { locale?: string }).locale === "en-US"
+      )
+        throw new Error("caller already owns locale");
+    },
+  });
+
+  await expect(fixture.open()).rejects.toThrow("caller already owns locale");
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.setLocaleOverride",
+    { locale: "" },
+  );
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.clearDeviceMetricsOverride",
+  );
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.detach).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  expect(fixture.browser.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+});
+
+it("waits for a cancelled environment mutation before restoring it", async () => {
+  const localeStarted = deferred<void>();
+  const localeResult = deferred<void>();
+  const fixture = attachedBrowserFixture({
+    send: async (method, parameters) => {
+      if (
+        method === "Emulation.setLocaleOverride" &&
+        (parameters as { locale?: string }).locale === "en-US"
+      ) {
+        localeStarted.resolve(undefined);
+        await localeResult.promise;
+      }
+    },
+  });
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const opening = fixture.open(controller.signal);
+  await localeStarted.promise;
+  const cancelled = expect(opening).rejects.toMatchObject({
+    _tag: "AnalysisCancelledError",
+  });
+  controller.abort();
+  await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.setLocaleOverride",
+    { locale: "" },
+  );
+
+  localeResult.resolve(undefined);
+  await cancelled;
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.send).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+    "Emulation.setLocaleOverride",
+    { locale: "" },
+  );
+  expect(fixture.environmentSession.detach).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+  expect(fixture.browser.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+});
+
+it("releases cleanup ownership when the attached target is destroyed", async () => {
+  let targetClosed = false;
+  const fixture = attachedBrowserFixture({
+    send: async (method, parameters) => {
+      if (
+        targetClosed &&
+        method === "Emulation.setTimezoneOverride" &&
+        (parameters as { timezoneId?: string }).timezoneId === ""
+      )
+        throw new Error("Target closed");
+    },
+    isTargetClosed: () => targetClosed,
+  });
+  const opened = await fixture.open();
+  targetClosed = true;
+
+  await opened.cleanup.close();
+  expect(fixture.browser.close).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+});
+
+it("releases cleanup ownership when the attached browser disconnects", async () => {
+  let connected = true;
+  const fixture = attachedBrowserFixture({
+    send: async (method, parameters) => {
+      if (
+        !connected &&
+        method === "Emulation.setTimezoneOverride" &&
+        (parameters as { timezoneId?: string }).timezoneId === ""
+      )
+        throw new Error("Browser disconnected");
+    },
+    isBrowserConnected: () => connected,
+  });
+  const opened = await fixture.open();
+  connected = false;
+
+  await opened.cleanup.close();
+  expect(fixture.browser.close).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+});
+
 it("cancels same-target queued connection before acquiring a browser", async () => {
  const makeScenario = (targetId: string) =>
    browserScenarioSchema.parse({
@@ -350,7 +616,7 @@ it("serializes concurrent attach across loopback spellings of one browser", asyn
      ],
    });
  const firstConnection =
-    deferred<Pick<Browser, "contexts" | "close" | "version">>();
+    deferred<Pick<Browser, "contexts" | "close" | "isConnected" | "version">>();
  let rejectFirstConnection: ((cause: Error) => void) | undefined;
  const failingConnection = new Promise<never>((_resolve, reject) => {
    rejectFirstConnection = reject;
@@ -399,6 +665,7 @@ it("serializes concurrent attach across loopback spellings of one browser", asyn
  firstConnection.resolve({
    close: vi.fn(async () => undefined),
    contexts: vi.fn(() => []),
+    isConnected: vi.fn(() => true),
    version: () => "fixture",
  });
  await expect(first).rejects.toThrow();
@@ -2,7 +2,13 @@ import { chmod, mkdtemp, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
 import { tmpdir } from "node:os";
 import { join, resolve } from "node:path";

-import type { Browser, BrowserContext, Page, chromium } from "playwright-core";
+import type {
+  Browser,
+  BrowserContext,
+  CDPSession,
+  Page,
+  chromium,
+} from "playwright-core";

 import type { BrowserScenario } from "../domain/browserScenario.js";
 import { AnalysisError } from "../domain/analysisErrorBase.js";
@@ -314,39 +320,148 @@ const findConnectedPage = async (
  throw new BrowserObservationError(OPERATION, "target_not_found");
 };

-const configureAttachedEnvironment = async (
-  context: BrowserContext,
-  page: Page,
-  environment: BrowserScenario["environment"],
-  signal: AbortSignal | undefined,
-): Promise<void> => {
-  // setViewportSize also resizes the external browser window. The scenario's
-  // CDP metrics override below supplies the viewport and expires on disconnect.
-  await page.emulateMedia({
-    colorScheme: environment.color_scheme,
-    reducedMotion: environment.reduced_motion,
-  });
-  throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
-  const session = await context.newCDPSession(page);
-  throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
-  // Chromium resets these overrides when the CDP session detaches. Keep it on
-  // the scenario transport until cleanup disconnects the attached browser.
-  await session.send("Emulation.setDeviceMetricsOverride", {
-    width: environment.viewport.width,
-    height: environment.viewport.height,
-    deviceScaleFactor: environment.viewport.device_scale_factor,
-    mobile: false,
-    dontSetVisibleSize: true,
-  });
-  throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
-  await session.send("Emulation.setLocaleOverride", {
-    locale: environment.locale,
-  });
-  throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
-  await session.send("Emulation.setTimezoneOverride", {
-    timezoneId: environment.timezone,
-  });
-};
+/** Owns the target state changed while one scenario uses an attached page. */
+class AttachedScenarioEnvironmentOwner {
+  #mediaOverride = false;
+  #deviceMetricsOverride = false;
+  #localeOverride = false;
+  #timezoneOverride = false;
+  #detached = false;
+  #application: Promise<void> | undefined;
+
+  private constructor(
+    private readonly page: Page,
+    private readonly session: CDPSession,
+  ) {}
+
+  static async create(
+    context: BrowserContext,
+    page: Page,
+  ): Promise<AttachedScenarioEnvironmentOwner> {
+    return new AttachedScenarioEnvironmentOwner(
+      page,
+      await context.newCDPSession(page),
+    );
+  }
+
+  get restored(): boolean {
+    return (
+      !this.#mediaOverride &&
+      !this.#deviceMetricsOverride &&
+      !this.#localeOverride &&
+      !this.#timezoneOverride
+    );
+  }
+
+  get targetClosed(): boolean {
+    return this.page.isClosed();
+  }
+
+  apply(
+    environment: BrowserScenario["environment"],
+    signal: AbortSignal | undefined,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const application =
+      this.#application ?? this.#applyEnvironment(environment, signal);
+    this.#application = application;
+    return application;
+  }
+
+  async #applyEnvironment(
+    environment: BrowserScenario["environment"],
+    signal: AbortSignal | undefined,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this.page.emulateMedia({
+      colorScheme: environment.color_scheme,
+      reducedMotion: environment.reduced_motion,
+    });
+    this.#mediaOverride = true;
+    throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
+
+    // setViewportSize also resizes the external browser window. CDP metrics
+    // provide the scenario viewport without changing that caller-owned window.
+    await this.session.send("Emulation.setDeviceMetricsOverride", {
+      width: environment.viewport.width,
+      height: environment.viewport.height,
+      deviceScaleFactor: environment.viewport.device_scale_factor,
+      mobile: false,
+      dontSetVisibleSize: true,
+    });
+    this.#deviceMetricsOverride = true;
+    throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
+
+    await this.session.send("Emulation.setLocaleOverride", {
+      locale: environment.locale,
+    });
+    this.#localeOverride = true;
+    throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
+
+    await this.session.send("Emulation.setTimezoneOverride", {
+      timezoneId: environment.timezone,
+    });
+    this.#timezoneOverride = true;
+    throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
+  }
+
+  async close(): Promise<void> {
+    if (this.#detached) return;
+    // The execution boundary can report cancellation before a pending CDP
+    // command settles. Wait for that producer so every successful mutation is
+    // recorded before deciding which state this owner must restore.
+    try {
+      await this.#application;
+    } catch {
+      // The operation path reports application failures. Cleanup still owns
+      // and restores every mutation that completed before the failure.
+    }
+    const failures: unknown[] = [];
+    if (this.#timezoneOverride) {
+      try {
+        await this.session.send("Emulation.setTimezoneOverride", {
+          timezoneId: "",
+        });
+        this.#timezoneOverride = false;
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        failures.push(cause);
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.#localeOverride) {
+      try {
+        await this.session.send("Emulation.setLocaleOverride", { locale: "" });
+        this.#localeOverride = false;
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        failures.push(cause);
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.#deviceMetricsOverride) {
+      try {
+        await this.session.send("Emulation.clearDeviceMetricsOverride");
+        this.#deviceMetricsOverride = false;
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        failures.push(cause);
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.#mediaOverride) {
+      try {
+        await this.page.emulateMedia({
+          colorScheme: null,
+          reducedMotion: null,
+        });
+        this.#mediaOverride = false;
+      } catch (cause: unknown) {
+        failures.push(cause);
+      }
+    }
+    if (failures.length === 1) throw failures[0];
+    if (failures.length > 1)
+      throw new AggregateError(
+        failures,
+        "Attached browser environment restoration failed",
+      );
+    await this.session.detach();
+    this.#detached = true;
+  }
+}

 /** Preserve an operation failure while reporting any incomplete cleanup. */
 export const failBrowserScenarioOperation = async (
@@ -389,7 +504,7 @@ type ScenarioBrowserLauncher = Pick<
 > & {
  readonly connectOverCDP: (
    endpoint: string,
-  ) => Promise<Pick<Browser, "contexts" | "close" | "version">>;
+  ) => Promise<Pick<Browser, "contexts" | "close" | "isConnected" | "version">>;
 };

 type AttachedBrowserRequest = Extract<
@@ -406,6 +521,7 @@ const openAttachedScenarioBrowser = async (
 ): Promise<OpenedScenarioBrowser> => {
  const lease = await acquireAttachedScenario(browserRequest, signal);
  let cleanupOwner: PlaywrightScenarioBrowserCleanupOwner | undefined;
+  let environmentOwner: AttachedScenarioEnvironmentOwner | undefined;
  try {
    const priorOwner = lease.admission.cleanupOwner;
    if (priorOwner !== undefined) await priorOwner.close();
@@ -414,7 +530,43 @@ const openAttachedScenarioBrowser = async (
    const browser = await launcher.connectOverCDP(browserRequest.cdp_endpoint);
    const cleanup: PlaywrightScenarioBrowserCleanupOwner =
      new PlaywrightScenarioBrowserCleanupOwner({
-        closeBrowser: () => browser.close(),
+        closeBrowser: async () => {
+          let environmentFailure: unknown;
+          const ownedEnvironment = environmentOwner;
+          if (ownedEnvironment !== undefined) {
+            try {
+              await ownedEnvironment.close();
+              environmentOwner = undefined;
+            } catch (cause: unknown) {
+              environmentFailure = cause;
+              const browserConnected = browser.isConnected();
+              if (ownedEnvironment.targetClosed || !browserConnected) {
+                // A destroyed target has no remaining emulation state. A lost
+                // transport cannot be retained or retried; release its local
+                // owner so later discovery can establish current target state.
+                environmentOwner = undefined;
+                if (!browserConnected) return;
+              } else if (!ownedEnvironment.restored) {
+                // Keep the live transport and target session for a cleanup
+                // retry while any target override remains.
+                throw cause;
+              }
+            }
+          }
+          try {
+            await browser.close();
+            // Once target state is restored, disconnecting the transport is a
+            // definitive fallback for an explicit session detach failure.
+            environmentOwner = undefined;
+          } catch (browserFailure: unknown) {
+            if (environmentFailure !== undefined)
+              throw new AggregateError(
+                [environmentFailure, browserFailure],
+                "Attached browser environment cleanup failed",
+              );
+            throw browserFailure;
+          }
+        },
        onSettled: (browserClosed) => {
          if (browserClosed && lease.admission.cleanupOwner === cleanup)
            lease.admission.cleanupOwner = undefined;
@@ -431,14 +583,15 @@ const openAttachedScenarioBrowser = async (
      signal,
    );
    throwIfScenarioCancelled(signal);
-    await withPlaywrightExecutionBoundary(
+    const configuredEnvironment = await withPlaywrightExecutionBoundary(
      () =>
-        configureAttachedEnvironment(
-          target.context,
-          target.page,
-          environment,
-          signal,
-        ),
+        AttachedScenarioEnvironmentOwner.create(target.context, target.page),
+      undefined,
+      signal,
+    );
+    environmentOwner = configuredEnvironment;
+    await withPlaywrightExecutionBoundary(
+      () => configuredEnvironment.apply(environment, signal),
      undefined,
      signal,
    );
@@ -3,13 +3,40 @@ const UNSUPPORTED_OUTPUT_COMBINATION_MESSAGE =

 type StructuredOutputFormat = "json" | "jsonl" | "yaml";
 const INCUR_OUTPUT_FORMATS = new Set(["toon", "json", "yaml", "md", "jsonl"]);
+/** Global output flags that take a value. */
+const VALUED_OUTPUT_FLAGS = new Set([
+  "--format",
+  "--filter-output",
+  "--token-limit",
+  "--token-offset",
+]);
+
+/**
+ * Split `--flag=value` forms of the valued output flags. Incur reads these
+ * flags only in spaced form, so `--format=json` otherwise reaches the command
+ * parser and fails as an unknown flag. Command options accept both forms.
+ */
+export const normalizeCliOutputArguments = (
+  arguments_: readonly string[],
+): string[] =>
+  arguments_.flatMap((argument) => {
+    const separator = argument.indexOf("=");
+    if (separator < 0) return [argument];
+    const flag = argument.slice(0, separator);
+    return VALUED_OUTPUT_FLAGS.has(flag)
+      ? [flag, argument.slice(separator + 1)]
+      : [argument];
+  });

 export type CliOutputArgumentValidation =
  | { readonly ok: true }
  | {
      readonly ok: false;
      readonly format: StructuredOutputFormat;
-      readonly code: "UNSUPPORTED_OUTPUT_COMBINATION" | "INVALID_OUTPUT_FILTER";
+      readonly code:
+        | "UNSUPPORTED_OUTPUT_COMBINATION"
+        | "INVALID_OUTPUT_FILTER"
+        | "MISSING_OUTPUT_VALUE";
      readonly message: string;
    };

@@ -17,6 +44,8 @@ interface ParsedCliOutputArguments {
  readonly filterOutput: string | undefined;
  readonly format: string;
  readonly fullOutput: boolean;
+  /** First valued output flag that Incur skips because it has no value. */
+  readonly missingValue: string | undefined;
  readonly parseError: boolean;
  readonly tokenCount: boolean;
  readonly tokenWindow: boolean;
@@ -31,6 +60,7 @@ export const parseCliOutputArguments = (
  let format: string = "toon";
  let filterOutput: string | undefined;
  let fullOutput = false;
+  let missingValue: string | undefined;
  let tokenCount = false;
  let tokenLimit: number | undefined;
  let tokenOffset: number | undefined;
@@ -38,6 +68,7 @@ export const parseCliOutputArguments = (
    filterOutput,
    format,
    fullOutput,
+    missingValue,
    parseError,
    tokenCount,
    tokenWindow:
@@ -47,8 +78,8 @@ export const parseCliOutputArguments = (
  });
  for (let index = 0; index < arguments_.length; index += 1) {
    const argument = arguments_[index];
-    // Incur scans builtins across `--` and accepts only spaced value forms.
-    // Mirror those effective values at the executable output boundary.
+    // Incur scans builtins across `--` and reads spaced value forms, which
+    // normalizeCliOutputArguments has produced. Mirror those effective values.
    if (argument === "--json") {
      format = "json";
      continue;
@@ -61,14 +92,14 @@ export const parseCliOutputArguments = (
        if (!INCUR_OUTPUT_FORMATS.has(value)) return parsed(true);
        format = value;
        index += 1;
-      }
+      } else missingValue ??= argument;
      continue;
    }
    if (argument === "--filter-output") {
      if (arguments_[index + 1]) {
        filterOutput = arguments_[index + 1];
        index += 1;
-      }
+      } else missingValue ??= argument;
      continue;
    }
    if (argument === "--token-limit" || argument === "--token-offset") {
@@ -80,7 +111,7 @@ export const parseCliOutputArguments = (
        if (argument === "--token-limit") tokenLimit = numericValue;
        else tokenOffset = numericValue;
        index += 1;
-      }
+      } else missingValue ??= argument;
      continue;
    }
    if (argument === "--full-output") fullOutput = true;
@@ -111,7 +142,7 @@ const hasUnclosedFilterSlice = (expression: string): boolean => {
 export const validateCliOutputArguments = (
  arguments_: readonly string[],
 ): CliOutputArgumentValidation => {
-  const { filterOutput, format, parseError, tokenWindow } =
+  const { filterOutput, format, missingValue, parseError, tokenWindow } =
    parseCliOutputArguments(arguments_);
  if (parseError) return { ok: true };
  if (filterOutput !== undefined && hasUnclosedFilterSlice(filterOutput))
@@ -132,6 +163,15 @@ export const validateCliOutputArguments = (
      code: "UNSUPPORTED_OUTPUT_COMBINATION",
      message: UNSUPPORTED_OUTPUT_COMBINATION_MESSAGE,
    };
+  // Incur skips a valued flag without a value and then reports the flag
+  // itself as unknown. Name the missing value instead.
+  if (missingValue !== undefined)
+    return {
+      ok: false,
+      format: format === "yaml" || format === "jsonl" ? format : "json",
+      code: "MISSING_OUTPUT_VALUE",
+      message: `${missingValue} requires a value, as in ${missingValue} <value> or ${missingValue}=<value>.`,
+    };
  return { ok: true };
 };

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 import { moduleResolutionModeForJavaScriptReference } from "../domain/javascript/javascriptModuleResolutionMode.js";
 import { parseJavaScriptSource } from "../domain/javascript/javascriptSourceParser.js";
 import { analyzeParsedJavaScriptStaticSourceSteps } from "../domain/javascript/javascriptStaticAnalysis.js";
-import {
-  analyzeParsedJavaScriptSemanticsSteps,
-  classifyParsedJavaScriptOpenReceiversSteps,
-} from "../domain/javascript/javascriptSemanticAnalysis.js";
+import { analyzeParsedJavaScriptSemanticsSteps } from "../domain/javascript/javascriptSemanticAnalysis.js";
 import { failedJavaScriptStaticAnalysis } from "../domain/javascript/javascriptStaticAnalysisHelpers.js";
 import { projectJavaScriptModuleSemantics } from "../domain/javascript/javascriptModuleSemanticIr.js";
 import {
@@ -33,15 +30,8 @@ const analyze: JavaScriptSourceWorkerAnalyzer = async (
    return null;
  }
  await callbacks.phase("static");
-  const receivers = await completeJavaScriptAnalysisSteps(
-    classifyParsedJavaScriptOpenReceiversSteps(parsed),
-  );
  const facts = await completeJavaScriptAnalysisSteps(
-    analyzeParsedJavaScriptStaticSourceSteps(
-      file.text.value,
-      parsed,
-      receivers,
-    ),
+    analyzeParsedJavaScriptStaticSourceSteps(file.text.value, parsed),
  );
  const resultBudgetBytes = await callbacks.checkpoint(facts);
  if (facts.parse_status === "failed") return null;
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import type { JebAnalysisPort } from "../application/jeb/JebAnalysisPort.js";
+import { parseJebMcpTimeoutMs } from "../config/environment.js";
 import { ConfigurationError } from "../domain/configurationErrors.js";
+import { AnalysisInputError } from "../domain/analysisErrorCore.js";
 import { err } from "../domain/result.js";
 import type { JebMcpConnectionFactory } from "../jeb/JebMcpConnection.js";
-import { parseJebMcpEndpoint } from "../jeb/JebMcpEndpoint.js";
 import { JebProvider } from "../jeb/JebProvider.js";

 /**
@@ -14,35 +15,44 @@ export const createJebAnalysisProvider = (
  environment: Readonly<Record<string, string | undefined>> = process.env,
  connectionFactory?: JebMcpConnectionFactory,
 ): JebAnalysisPort => {
-  const endpoint = parseJebMcpEndpoint(environment.REA_JEB_MCP_URL);
-  if (!endpoint.ok) {
+  const requestTimeout = parseJebMcpTimeoutMs(
+    environment.REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  );
+  if (!requestTimeout.ok) return unconfiguredJebProvider(requestTimeout.error);
+  try {
+    return new JebProvider({
+      environment,
+      ...(requestTimeout.value === undefined
+        ? {}
+        : { requestTimeoutMs: requestTimeout.value }),
+      ...(connectionFactory === undefined ? {} : { connectionFactory }),
+    });
+  } catch (cause: unknown) {
+    if (!(cause instanceof AnalysisInputError)) throw cause;
    const constraint =
-      typeof endpoint.error.cause === "string"
-        ? endpoint.error.cause
-        : endpoint.error.message;
+      typeof cause.cause === "string" ? cause.cause : cause.message;
    return unconfiguredJebProvider(
      new ConfigurationError("Invalid REA environment configuration", {
-        cause: endpoint.error,
+        cause,
        settings: [{ setting: "REA_JEB_MCP_URL", constraint }],
      }),
    );
  }
-  return new JebProvider({
-    environment,
-    ...(connectionFactory === undefined ? {} : { connectionFactory }),
-  });
 };

 const unconfiguredJebProvider = (
  error: ConfigurationError,
-): JebAnalysisPort => ({
-  inspectAvailability: () =>
-    Promise.resolve({
-      status: "unavailable",
-      code: "not_configured",
-      reason: `REA_JEB_MCP_URL is invalid: ${error.settings[0]?.constraint ?? error.message}`,
-      diagnostics: { setting: "REA_JEB_MCP_URL" },
-    }),
-  close: () => Promise.resolve(),
-  execute: () => Promise.resolve(err(error)),
-});
+): JebAnalysisPort => {
+  const setting = error.settings[0]?.setting ?? "REA_JEB_MCP_URL";
+  return {
+    inspectAvailability: () =>
+      Promise.resolve({
+        status: "unavailable",
+        code: "not_configured",
+        reason: `${setting} is invalid: ${error.settings[0]?.constraint ?? error.message}`,
+        diagnostics: { setting },
+      }),
+    close: () => Promise.resolve(),
+    execute: () => Promise.resolve(err(error)),
+  };
+};
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ import {
  defaultHopperLauncherPath,
  parseConfig,
 } from "./config/parseConfig.js";
+import {
+  parseEnvironmentValues,
+  parseJebMcpTimeoutMs,
+} from "./config/environment.js";
 import { projectAnalysisError } from "./domain/analysisErrorProjection.js";

 it("reports a configuration failure for a NUL in Hopper loader arguments", () => {
@@ -328,6 +332,40 @@ describe("configuration failure diagnostics", () => {
  });
 });

+describe("JEB MCP timeout configuration", () => {
+  it("stays optional and validates the caller-selected environment value", () => {
+    expect(parseJebMcpTimeoutMs(undefined)).toEqual({
+      ok: true,
+      value: undefined,
+    });
+    expect(parseJebMcpTimeoutMs("900000")).toEqual({
+      ok: true,
+      value: 900_000,
+    });
+    expect(
+      parseEnvironmentValues({ REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS: "900000" }),
+    ).toMatchObject({ ok: true, value: { REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS: 900_000 } });
+  });
+
+  it.each(["", "0", "-1", "1.5", "1e3", "invalid", "2147483648"])(
+    "rejects malformed timeout %j with its setting",
+    (value) => {
+      const result = parseJebMcpTimeoutMs(value);
+      if (result.ok) throw new Error("Expected invalid JEB MCP timeout");
+      expect(projectAnalysisError(result.error)).toMatchObject({
+        details: {
+          settings: [
+            {
+              setting: "REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS",
+              constraint: expect.any(String),
+            },
+          ],
+        },
+      });
+    },
+  );
+});
+
 describe("default Linux Hopper launcher", () => {
  const home = "/fixture/home";
  const withExecutables =
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ const environmentSchema = z.object({
    .min(1)
    .refine(isAbsolute, "REA_IDA_MCP_CONFIG must be absolute")
    .optional(),
+  REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS: providerStartupTimeoutSchema.optional(),
  GHIDRA_INSTALL_DIR: z
    .string()
    .min(1)
@@ -77,6 +78,27 @@ const environmentSchema = z.object({
  REA_REFERENCE_SECRET_PATTERNS_JSON: z.string().default("[]"),
 });

+/** Parse the JEB-only timeout at its isolated provider-composition boundary. */
+export const parseJebMcpTimeoutMs = (
+  value: string | undefined,
+): Result<number | undefined, ConfigurationError> => {
+  if (value === undefined) return ok(undefined);
+  const parsed = providerStartupTimeoutSchema.safeParse(value);
+  if (parsed.success) return ok(parsed.data);
+  return err(
+    new ConfigurationError("Invalid REA environment configuration", {
+      cause: parsed.error,
+      settings: [
+        {
+          setting: "REA_JEB_MCP_TIMEOUT_MS",
+          constraint:
+            parsed.error.issues[0]?.message ?? "must be a valid timeout",
+        },
+      ],
+    }),
+  );
+};
+
 type Environment = Omit<
  z.infer<typeof environmentSchema>,
  "HOPPER_LOADER_ARGS_JSON" | "REA_REFERENCE_SECRET_PATTERNS_JSON"
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ export const compactPresentationForMcpInputSchemaProfile = (
    : undefined;

 const profileConstraint =
-  'REA_MCP_INPUT_SCHEMA_PROFILE must be "full" (default) or "compact". The compact profile advertises input schemas without nested annotation prose for providers that cap each tool schema\'s serialized size.';
+  'REA_MCP_INPUT_SCHEMA_PROFILE must be "full" (default) or "compact". The compact profile advertises bounded input schemas with fewer nested annotations for providers with schema compatibility constraints.';

 export type McpInputSchemaProfile = z.infer<typeof mcpInputSchemaProfileSchema>;

@@ -69,12 +69,12 @@ export const exportEvidenceBundleInputSchema = z.strictObject({
 export const SESSION_TOOL_CONTRACTS = [
  session(
    "open_binary",
-    "Open a local executable, application bundle, archive, JavaScript, source map, plist, or analysis database after validation. format=dos-com explicitly interprets 1..65280 headerless bytes as a DOS COM analysis image. format=raw-binary interprets headerless bytes with a required architecture and entry_point; file offset 0 maps at that address. Omission preserves header-based detection. provider_id selects one deep provider or deterministic auto selection; the binding remains stable until close or an explicit switch, with no failure fallback. Reopening the same target and profile retains its active database and metadata edits. An optional analysis snapshot is imported atomically and must match the binary identity, concrete provider, and canonical analysis profile exactly; importing into a session with metadata mutations requires closing and reopening it first.",
+    "Open a local executable, application bundle, archive, JavaScript, source map, plist, or analysis database after validation. format=dos-com explicitly interprets 1..65280 headerless bytes as a DOS COM analysis image. format=raw-binary interprets headerless bytes with a required architecture and entry_point; file offset 0 maps at that address. Omission preserves header-based detection. provider_id selects one deep provider or deterministic auto selection; the binding remains stable until close or an explicit switch, with no failure fallback. Reopening the same target and profile retains its active database and metadata edits. An optional analysis snapshot is imported atomically and must match the binary identity, concrete provider, and canonical analysis profile exactly; importing into a session with metadata mutations requires closing and reopening it first. Call close_binary when the investigation is finished.",
    openBinaryInputSchema,
  ),
  session(
    "close_binary",
-    "Drain earlier provider requests, optionally write a provider-neutral analysis snapshot atomically to the caller-supplied path, then close the active target and every provider resource started for it. Later provider requests wait until this lifecycle operation finishes. Existing files require explicit overwrite; a failed save leaves the session open so cached analysis is not lost. Metadata edits prevent immutable snapshot saves until the session is recreated; export_evidence_bundle preserves mutable observations before closing without a snapshot.",
+    "When the investigation is finished, drain earlier provider requests, optionally write a provider-neutral analysis snapshot atomically to the caller-supplied path, then close the active target and every provider resource started for it. Later provider requests wait until this lifecycle operation finishes. Existing files require explicit overwrite; a failed save leaves the session open so cached analysis is not lost. Metadata edits prevent immutable snapshot saves until the session is recreated; export_evidence_bundle preserves mutable observations before closing without a snapshot.",
    closeBinaryInputSchema,
  ),
  session(
@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ import { fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
 import { inspectJadxProvider } from "./android/JadxDoctor.js";
 import { inspectSystemGhidraProvider } from "./ghidra/GhidraDoctor.js";
 import { inspectIdaRegistration } from "./ida/IdaDoctor.js";
+import { readIdaConfiguration } from "./ida/IdaConfiguration.js";
 import { parseJebMcpEndpoint } from "./jeb/JebMcpEndpoint.js";
 import { selectLinuxPrivateDisplayStrategy } from "./hopper/LinuxPrivateDisplayProbe.js";
+import { ok } from "./domain/result.js";

 /** Compose provider diagnostics at the outer CLI adapter boundary. */
 export const createSystemDoctorHost = (
@@ -24,6 +26,21 @@ export const createSystemDoctorHost = (
  return systemDoctorHost({
    environment,
    providerRegistrationEnvironment: () => selectedJebRegistrationEnvironment,
+    resolveProviderRequestBudget: (
+      analysisProvider,
+      registrationEnvironment,
+    ) => {
+      if (analysisProvider !== "ida" && analysisProvider !== "auto")
+        return ok(undefined);
+      const path = registrationEnvironment.REA_IDA_MCP_CONFIG;
+      if (path === undefined) return ok(undefined);
+      const registration = readIdaConfiguration(path);
+      if (registration.ok) return ok(registration.value.timeoutMs);
+      // An invalid IDA registration cannot be selected automatically. Keep it
+      // out of recommendations for another available provider, but surface the
+      // parser-owned error when IDA itself was explicitly selected.
+      return analysisProvider === "ida" ? registration : ok(undefined);
+    },
    providerInspections: async () => [
      await inspectSystemGhidraProvider(environment),
      inspectIdaRegistration(environment.REA_IDA_MCP_CONFIG),
@@ -527,7 +527,13 @@ export const adbResultSchemas = {
    serial: z.string().min(1),
    package_name: packageNameSchema,
    version_name: z.string().nullable(),
-    version_code: z.number().int().nullable(),
+    version_code: z
+      .string()
+      .regex(/^-?\d+$/u)
+      .nullable()
+      .describe(
+        "Long version code exactly as dumpsys package prints it; may exceed the JSON safe-integer range",
+      ),
    first_install_time: z.string().nullable(),
    last_update_time: z.string().nullable(),
    installer_package_name: z.string().nullable(),
@@ -422,6 +422,9 @@ const providerErrorDetails = (
    return {
      stage: "launch",
      provider_state: "unknown",
+      ...(error.launchRejection === undefined
+        ? {}
+        : { launch_rejection: { ...error.launchRejection } }),
      retry_action: error.ownerRunId === undefined ? "retry" : "unknown",
      ...(error.ownerRunId === undefined
        ? {}
@@ -2,6 +2,20 @@ import { expect, it } from "vitest";

 import { projectPlistValue } from "./plistValue.js";

+// Binary decoders build dates from seconds; beyond the Date range they are invalid.
+it("projects an unrepresentable date as unknown and counts it", () => {
+  expect(
+    projectPlistValue({ far: new Date(Number.NaN), near: new Date(0) }),
+  ).toEqual({
+    value: {
+      far: { $plist_type: "date", iso8601: null },
+      near: { $plist_type: "date", iso8601: "1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z" },
+    },
+    unknownRealCount: 0,
+    unknownDateCount: 1,
+  });
+});
+
 it("rejects excessive plist nesting without exhausting the stack", () => {
  const deep: unknown[] = [];
  let cursor = deep;
@@ -14,8 +14,14 @@ export interface ProjectedPlistValue {
  readonly value: JsonValue;
  /** Reals decoded as NaN, which the decoder also uses for ±infinity. */
  readonly unknownRealCount: number;
+  /** Dates the decoder could not represent, reported without a timestamp. */
+  readonly unknownDateCount: number;
 }

+/** Limitation for results whose plist held dates the decoder could not represent. */
+export const unknownDateLimitation = (count: number): string =>
+  `${String(count)} date value(s) are reported as { "$plist_type": "date", "iso8601": null } because the decoder could not represent them, such as XML dates with years beyond 9999 or negative years, or dates outside the JavaScript date range.`;
+
 /**
 * Project a decoded plist into JSON. Data and dates become explicit
 * `$plist_type` objects; a non-finite real becomes an explicit unknown
@@ -23,6 +29,7 @@ export interface ProjectedPlistValue {
 */
 export const projectPlistValue = (value: unknown): ProjectedPlistValue => {
  let unknownRealCount = 0;
+  let unknownDateCount = 0;
  const project = (item: unknown, depth: number): JsonValue => {
    if (depth > MAX_PLIST_DEPTH)
      throw new RangeError(
@@ -33,8 +40,12 @@ export const projectPlistValue = (value: unknown): ProjectedPlistValue => {
        $plist_type: "data",
        base64: Buffer.from(item).toString("base64"),
      };
-    if (item instanceof Date)
-      return { $plist_type: "date", iso8601: item.toISOString() };
+    if (item instanceof Date) {
+      if (!Number.isNaN(item.getTime()))
+        return { $plist_type: "date", iso8601: item.toISOString() };
+      unknownDateCount += 1;
+      return { $plist_type: "date", iso8601: null };
+    }
    if (typeof item === "number" && !Number.isFinite(item)) {
      unknownRealCount += 1;
      return { $plist_type: "real", value: null };
@@ -51,5 +62,5 @@ export const projectPlistValue = (value: unknown): ProjectedPlistValue => {
    return z.union([z.string(), z.number(), z.boolean(), z.null()]).parse(item);
  };
  const projected = project(value, 0);
-  return { value: projected, unknownRealCount };
+  return { value: projected, unknownRealCount, unknownDateCount };
 };
@@ -599,11 +599,20 @@ describe("function comparison ordering controls", () => {
      makeEvidence("e", rightWithoutNativeApi),
    );

-    expect(comparison.status).toBe("unchanged");
-    for (const dimension of ["calls", "references", "strings_names"] as const)
+    for (const dimension of ["calls", "strings_names"] as const)
      expect(
        comparison.dimensions.find((item) => item.dimension === dimension),
      ).toMatchObject({ status: "unchanged" });
+    // Unnamed endpoints in different artifacts have no stable identity.
+    expect(
+      comparison.dimensions.find((item) => item.dimension === "references"),
+    ).toMatchObject({
+      status: "unknown",
+      limitations: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.stringContaining("Unnamed reference endpoints"),
+      ]),
+    });
+    expect(comparison.status).toBe("unknown");
  });
 });

@@ -1274,3 +1283,48 @@ it.each([
    }
  },
 );
+
+describe("function comparison unnamed reference endpoints", () => {
+  it("distinguishes unnamed reference targets by address within one artifact", () => {
+    const unnamedTarget = (target: string) =>
+      functionDossierSchema.parse({
+        ...dossierWithReference("0x1000", "call"),
+        outgoing_references: [
+          {
+            ...dossierWithReference("0x1000", "call").outgoing_references[0],
+            target_address: target,
+            target_procedure: null,
+          },
+        ],
+      });
+    const reference = (left: string, right: string, digits = ["a", "a"]) =>
+      compareFunctions(
+        observe(digits[0] ?? "a", unnamedTarget(left)),
+        observe(digits[1] ?? "a", unnamedTarget(right)),
+      ).dimensions.find(({ dimension }) => dimension === "references");
+    expect(reference("0x1010", "0x1020")).toMatchObject({ status: "changed" });
+    expect(reference("0x1010", "0x1010")).toMatchObject({
+      status: "unchanged",
+    });
+    // Across artifacts the same address does not identify the same target.
+    expect(reference("0x1010", "0x1010", ["a", "b"])).toMatchObject({
+      status: "unknown",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("keeps known reference-kind changes beside unnamed endpoints", () => {
+    const unnamed = (kind: "call" | "data") => {
+      const edge = dossierWithReference("0x1000", kind).outgoing_references[0];
+      return functionDossierSchema.parse({
+        ...dossierWithReference("0x1000", kind),
+        outgoing_references: [{ ...edge, target_procedure: null }],
+      });
+    };
+    expect(
+      compareFunctions(
+        observe("a", unnamed("call")),
+        observe("b", unnamed("data")),
+      ).dimensions.find(({ dimension }) => dimension === "references"),
+    ).toMatchObject({ status: "changed" });
+  });
+});
@@ -253,13 +253,23 @@ const swiftLiteralCoverage = (
      ? "absent"
      : "complete";

+const hasUnnamedEndpoint = (snapshot: FunctionSnapshot): boolean =>
+  [
+    ...snapshot.dossier.incoming_references,
+    ...snapshot.dossier.outgoing_references,
+  ].some(
+    (edge) => edge.source_procedure === null || edge.target_procedure === null,
+  );
+
 const compareReferences = (
  left: FunctionSnapshot,
  right: FunctionSnapshot,
  context: ComparisonContext,
 ): FunctionDimension => {
-  const leftProjection = referenceProjection(left);
-  const rightProjection = referenceProjection(right);
+  const sameArtifact =
+    left.subject.digest.sha256 === right.subject.digest.sha256;
+  const leftProjection = referenceProjection(left, sameArtifact);
+  const rightProjection = referenceProjection(right, sameArtifact);
  if (leftProjection.length === 0 && rightProjection.length === 0)
    return compareValues(
      "references",
@@ -284,9 +294,28 @@ const compareReferences = (
        "Reference endpoints differ independently of provider reference-kind metadata.",
      ],
    });
-  const leftKinds = referenceKindProjection(left);
-  const rightKinds = referenceKindProjection(right);
-  if (leftKinds !== null && rightKinds !== null)
+  const leftKinds = referenceKindProjection(left, sameArtifact);
+  const rightKinds = referenceKindProjection(right, sameArtifact);
+  const kindsKnown = leftKinds !== null && rightKinds !== null;
+  // Differing known edge kinds are a change whatever the endpoint identity.
+  if (
+    kindsKnown &&
+    canonicalJson(leftKinds, "Function comparison") !==
+      canonicalJson(rightKinds, "Function comparison")
+  )
+    return compareValues("references", leftKinds, rightKinds, context);
+  // Equal projections with unknown endpoints do not establish equal targets.
+  if (!sameArtifact && (hasUnnamedEndpoint(left) || hasUnnamedEndpoint(right)))
+    return unresolvedDimension({
+      dimension: "references",
+      links: context.links,
+      leftCount: leftProjection.length,
+      rightCount: rightProjection.length,
+      limitations: [
+        "Unnamed reference endpoints have no stable identity across different artifacts, so equal named endpoints do not establish equal references.",
+      ],
+    });
+  if (kindsKnown)
    return compareValues("references", leftKinds, rightKinds, context);
  return unresolvedDimension({
    dimension: "references",
@@ -72,22 +72,52 @@ export const normalizeCfg = (
  return graph;
 };

-export const referenceProjection = (snapshot: FunctionSnapshot) =>
-  sorted([
-    ...snapshot.dossier.incoming_references.map((item) => ({
-      direction: "in",
-      source: item.source_procedure?.name ?? null,
-      target: item.target_procedure?.name ?? null,
+type ReferenceEdge = FunctionSnapshot["dossier"]["outgoing_references"][number];
+
+/**
+ * A named endpoint survives relocation. An unnamed endpoint is identified
+ * only by its address, which names one location only within one artifact;
+ * across artifacts it stays unknown (null).
+ */
+const referenceEndpoint = (
+  procedure: ReferenceEdge["source_procedure"],
+  address: string,
+  sameArtifact: boolean,
+): string | { readonly address: string } | null =>
+  procedure !== null ? procedure.name : sameArtifact ? { address } : null;
+
+export const referenceProjection = (
+  snapshot: FunctionSnapshot,
+  sameArtifact: boolean,
+) =>
+  sorted(
+    [
+      ...snapshot.dossier.incoming_references.map((item) => ({
+        direction: "in",
+        item,
+      })),
+      ...snapshot.dossier.outgoing_references.map((item) => ({
+        direction: "out",
+        item,
+      })),
+    ].map(({ direction, item }) => ({
+      direction,
+      source: referenceEndpoint(
+        item.source_procedure,
+        item.source_address,
+        sameArtifact,
+      ),
+      target: referenceEndpoint(
+        item.target_procedure,
+        item.target_address,
+        sameArtifact,
+      ),
    })),
-    ...snapshot.dossier.outgoing_references.map((item) => ({
-      direction: "out",
-      source: item.source_procedure?.name ?? null,
-      target: item.target_procedure?.name ?? null,
-    })),
-  ]);
+  );

 export const referenceKindProjection = (
  snapshot: FunctionSnapshot,
+  sameArtifact: boolean,
 ): readonly unknown[] | null => {
  const edges = [
    ...snapshot.dossier.incoming_references.map((edge) => ({
@@ -108,8 +138,16 @@ export const referenceKindProjection = (
        );
      return {
        direction,
-        source: edge.source_procedure?.name ?? null,
-        target: edge.target_procedure?.name ?? null,
+        source: referenceEndpoint(
+          edge.source_procedure,
+          edge.source_address,
+          sameArtifact,
+        ),
+        target: referenceEndpoint(
+          edge.target_procedure,
+          edge.target_address,
+          sameArtifact,
+        ),
        type: edge.kind.type,
        flow: edge.kind.flow,
        call: edge.kind.call,