feat(overtime): Auszahlungs-Anträge durch Mitarbeiter (opt-in pro Firma)

Mitarbeiter beantragt Überstunden-Auszahlung, HR genehmigt/lehnt ab.
Firmen-Opt-in payout_request_enabled (Default aus - nur HR-Direktbuchung).
Saldo-Abzug erst bei Genehmigung; Reject/Cancel bucht nichts.

- Migration 0042: hours_payouts.status/decided_by/decided_at/rejection_reason
  + companies.payout_request_enabled (nur Spalten, RLS unveraendert)
- Router: POST /hr/payouts/request|{id}/approve|reject|cancel; list status-Filter;
  HR-Direktbuchung bleibt (status approved)
- Frontend: PayoutRequestCard (Selbstbedienung in AbsencesPage), HR-Page
  Status-Spalte + Genehmigen/Ablehnen, CompanySettings-Toggle
- 4 pytest-Cases

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>

DEVLOG.md

@@ -2176,3 +2176,463 @@ Keine Commits in dieser Session.
 - frontend/src/pages/TenantsPage.tsx           | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++---------
 
 ---
+## 2026-06-23 01:44 – 01:44 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- c3cb9ce docs: DEVLOG – agent-10 Reseller/Mandantenübersicht
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- DEVLOG.md | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 01:45 – 01:45 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- DEVLOG.md | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 01:45 – 01:47 (1m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- DEVLOG.md | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 01:47 – 01:48 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- DEVLOG.md | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 10:45 – 10:47 (1m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- DEVLOG.md | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 10:54 – 11:01 (7m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- DEVLOG.md | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 11:04 – 11:35 (30m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- DEVLOG.md | 154 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 11:46 – 11:48 (2m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- 3b2df1c feat: agent-11 PR1 – Vertretung, Storno-Re-Genehmigung, Kommentare
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/models/__init__.py                            |   2 ++
+- backend/app/models/absence.py                             |  11 +++---
+- backend/app/models/absence_comment.py                     |  44 +++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/app/routers/absences.py                           |  43 ++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/app/routers/users.py                              |  21 +++++++++++
+- backend/app/schemas/absence.py                            |  22 ++++++++++++
+- backend/app/services/absence_service.py                   | 244 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
+- backend/app/services/caldav_service.py                    |  28 +++++++++++++++
+- backend/app/services/email_service.py                     |  22 ++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0035_absence_comments.py      |  61 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/conftest.py                                 |   2 +-
+- backend/tests/test_absences.py                            | 144 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/components/absences/AbsenceCommentsModal.tsx |  83 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/components/absences/AbsenceModals.tsx        |  17 ++++++++-
+- frontend/src/hooks/useAbsences.ts                         |  22 ++++++++----
+- frontend/src/pages/AbsencesPage.tsx                       |  40 +++++++++++++++++----
+- frontend/src/types/absence.ts                             |  12 ++++++-
+- frontend/src/utils/calendar.ts                            |   2 ++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 11:48 – 12:04 (15m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- c9c197d feat: agent-11 PR2 – Urlaubsanspruch (Verfall scharf, Pro-rata, Teilzeit)
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/models/company.py                            |  8 ++++++++
+- backend/app/models/user.py                               |  8 ++++++--
+- backend/app/routers/absences.py                          | 16 ++++------------
+- backend/app/schemas/absence.py                           |  2 ++
+- backend/app/schemas/company.py                           |  6 ++++++
+- backend/app/schemas/user.py                              |  7 ++++++-
+- backend/app/services/absence_service.py                  | 80 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---
+- backend/migrations/versions/0036_vacation_entitlement.py | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_absences.py                           | 67 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/AbsencesPage.tsx                      |  7 +++++--
+- frontend/src/pages/CompanySettingsPage.tsx               | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/UsersPage.tsx                         | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/types/absence.ts                            |  1 +
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 12:06 – 12:39 (33m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- c83fb31 feat: agent-11 PR3 – Scheduler + Erinnerungs-Mails + Notification-Prefs
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/core/config.py                             |   5 +++
+- backend/app/core/notifications.py                      |  27 ++++++++++++++++
+- backend/app/main.py                                    |   9 ++++++
+- backend/app/models/user.py                             |   5 ++-
+- backend/app/routers/absences.py                        |  18 ++++++-----
+- backend/app/routers/companies.py                       |  13 ++++++++
+- backend/app/routers/users.py                           |  28 +++++++++++++++++
+- backend/app/schemas/user.py                            |  10 ++++++
+- backend/app/services/absence_service.py                |   3 ++
+- backend/app/services/email_service.py                  |  59 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/app/services/scheduler_service.py              | 215 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0037_notification_prefs.py |  24 +++++++++++++++
+- backend/requirements.txt                               |   1 +
+- backend/tests/test_reminders.py                        |  98 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/ProfilePage.tsx                     |  36 +++++++++++++++++++++-
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 12:41 – 13:19 (38m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- 450dbdb feat: agent-12 – Zwei-Stufen-Genehmigung für Abwesenheiten
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/models/absence.py                          |  6 ++++++
+- backend/app/models/company.py                          |  5 +++++
+- backend/app/schemas/absence.py                         |  1 +
+- backend/app/schemas/company.py                         |  4 ++++
+- backend/app/services/absence_service.py                | 42 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
+- backend/app/services/scheduler_service.py              |  5 ++++-
+- backend/migrations/versions/0038_two_stage_approval.py | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_absences.py                         | 66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/AbsencesPage.tsx                    |  6 ++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/CompanySettingsPage.tsx             | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
+- frontend/src/types/absence.ts                          |  1 +
+- frontend/src/utils/calendar.ts                         |  2 ++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 13:20 – 13:24 (4m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- 6a34bd1 fix: AuditLogPage – React-key am Listen-Fragment (Konsolen-Warnung)
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- frontend/src/pages/AuditLogPage.tsx | 9 ++++-----
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 13:24 – 13:28 (4m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- e1d423e feat: agent-04 – Team-Dashboard für Manager/HR im Frontend angebunden
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- frontend/src/pages/DashboardPage.tsx | 95 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 13:45 – 14:07 (21m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** backend
+
+### Commits
+- fe00eb4 fix(security/dsgvo): RLS für hours_payouts nachgezogen (Mandantentrennung)
+- 31e39c6 fix(security): K-5 – LDAP/CalDAV/SMTP-Verschlüsselung auf zentralen Datenschlüssel
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/migrations/versions/0039_rls_hours_payouts.py | 43 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/conftest.py                             |  2 +-
+- backend/tests/test_rls.py                             | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 14:23 – 14:31 (8m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- 2af2269 feat(dsgvo): Art. 17 Anonymisierung von Mitarbeiterkonten
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/models/user.py                             |  3 +++
+- backend/app/routers/users.py                           | 12 ++++++++++++
+- backend/app/schemas/user.py                            |  1 +
+- backend/app/services/user_service.py                   | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0040_user_anonymization.py | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_users.py                            | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/UsersPage.tsx                       | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 14:31 – 14:32 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/models/user.py                             |  3 +++
+- backend/app/routers/users.py                           | 12 ++++++++++++
+- backend/app/schemas/user.py                            |  1 +
+- backend/app/services/user_service.py                   | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0040_user_anonymization.py | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_users.py                            | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/UsersPage.tsx                       | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 14:36 – 21:41 (7h 04m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/models/user.py                         |  3 ++
+- backend/app/routers/users.py                       | 12 ++++++
+- backend/app/schemas/user.py                        |  1 +
+- backend/app/services/user_service.py               | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++
+- .../migrations/versions/0040_user_anonymization.py | 23 +++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_users.py                        | 35 ++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/UsersPage.tsx                   | 33 ++++++++++++++-
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 22:07 – 22:07 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** frontend
+
+### Commits
+- 89d85a9 feat(ui): Navigation neu strukturiert (flache Topbar + Verwaltung-Menü + /settings)
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- frontend/src/App.tsx                 |   2 ++
+- frontend/src/components/Layout.tsx   | 150 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------------------------------------------------------
+- frontend/src/components/navConfig.ts |  86 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/SettingsPage.tsx  |  61 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 22:25 – 22:28 (2m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- add154b refactor(ui): Verwaltung-Dropdown aufgelöst – Berichte flach, Rest in /settings
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- frontend/src/components/Layout.tsx   | 60 ++++--------------------------------------------------------
+- frontend/src/components/navConfig.ts | 27 +++++++++++++++++----------
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 22:34 – 22:35 (1m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- 1978d58 fix(payouts): 500 in GET /hr/payouts – computed Felder als optional
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---
+## 2026-06-23 23:22 – 23:22 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 14:12 – 14:12 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 14:14 – 14:15 (1m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:02 – 16:06 (3m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** frontend
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:09 – 16:09 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:11 – 16:13 (1m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- 43ebc83 feat(ical): abonnierbarer read-only Kalender-Feed pro Nutzer
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/main.py                            |   2 ++
+- backend/app/models/user.py                     |   4 ++++
+- backend/app/routers/ical.py                    | 132 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0041_ical_token.py |  29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_ical.py                     |  66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/ProfilePage.tsx             |  87 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:15 – 16:16 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/main.py                            |   2 ++
+- backend/app/models/user.py                     |   4 ++++
+- backend/app/routers/ical.py                    | 132 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0041_ical_token.py |  29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_ical.py                     |  66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/ProfilePage.tsx             |  87 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:16 – 16:20 (4m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/main.py                            |   2 ++
+- backend/app/models/user.py                     |   4 ++++
+- backend/app/routers/ical.py                    | 132 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0041_ical_token.py |  29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_ical.py                     |  66 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/ProfilePage.tsx             |  87 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:23 – 16:30 (7m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- f24b25b chore(deploy): entkoppelte Self-Update-Skripte pro Server
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- deploy.sh        | 121 +++++-------------------------------
+- push-frontend.sh |  49 +++++++++++++++
+- server-update.sh |  68 ++++++++++++++++++++
+- update.sh        | 562 ++++-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:31 – 16:34 (3m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- fad27cb fix(deploy): server-update.sh Health-Check mit Retry (Worker-Startzeit)
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- server-update.sh | 11 +++++++++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:39 – 16:48 (8m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+- 2c57c36 fix(deploy): server-update.sh re-exec nach git pull (Self-Edit-Falle)
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- server-update.sh | 14 ++++++++++----
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 16:52 – 16:53 (0m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- server-update.sh | 14 ++++++++++----
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 17:10 – 17:12 (1m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- server-update.sh | 14 ++++++++++----
+
+---

backend/DEVLOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# backend – Dev Log
+
+## 2026-06-23 13:31 – 13:43 (12m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- frontend/src/pages/DashboardPage.tsx | 95 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+
+---

backend/app/models/company.py

@@ -93,6 +93,8 @@ class Company(Base):
     overtime_expiry_month: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=3)   # März
     overtime_expiry_day: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=31)    # 31.
     overtime_max_carryover_hours: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True) # None = alles
+    # Überstunden-Auszahlung: Selbstbedienung durch Mitarbeiter (Antrag → HR-Genehmigung)
+    payout_request_enabled: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
 
     # Relationships
     users: Mapped[list["User"]] = relationship(

backend/app/models/hours_payout.py

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 """Stunden-Auszahlung: HR/Admin weist Überstunden-Stunden zur Lohn-Auszahlung an."""
+import enum
 import uuid
 from datetime import datetime
 from decimal import Decimal
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
-from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, Numeric, Text, func
+from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, Numeric, String, Text, func
 from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
 
@@ -15,6 +16,13 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from app.models.company import Company
 
 
+class PayoutStatus(str, enum.Enum):
+    REQUESTED = "requested"   # Mitarbeiter hat beantragt, wartet auf HR
+    APPROVED = "approved"     # genehmigt / HR-Direktbuchung – Saldo abgezogen
+    REJECTED = "rejected"     # HR hat abgelehnt
+    CANCELLED = "cancelled"   # Antragsteller hat zurückgezogen (nur requested)
+
+
 class HoursPayout(Base):
     """Ein Auszahlungsvorgang für Überstunden-Stunden."""
     __tablename__ = "hours_payouts"
@@ -32,14 +40,21 @@ class HoursPayout(Base):
     period_year: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer)               # Abrechnungsmonat Jahr
     period_month: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer)              # Abrechnungsmonat Monat
     note: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text)                         # Notiz für Buchhaltung
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(12), nullable=False, default=PayoutStatus.APPROVED.value)
+    rejection_reason: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text)
     created_by: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
         UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
         nullable=False
     )
+    decided_by: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        UUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL")
+    )
+    decided_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True))
     created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
         DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now(), index=True
     )
 
     user: Mapped["User"] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[user_id], lazy="noload")
     creator: Mapped["User"] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[created_by], lazy="noload")
+    decider: Mapped["User"] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[decided_by], lazy="noload")
     company: Mapped["Company"] = relationship("Company", lazy="noload")

backend/app/routers/hours_payouts.py

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-"""Stunden-Auszahlung: HR/Admin bucht Überstunden-Stunden zur Lohn-Auszahlung aus."""
+"""Stunden-Auszahlung: HR/Admin bucht Überstunden aus – oder Mitarbeiter beantragt
+Auszahlung und HR genehmigt (Firmen-Opt-in `payout_request_enabled`)."""
+from datetime import datetime
 from decimal import Decimal
 from uuid import UUID
 
@@ -9,10 +11,17 @@ from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 from app.core.database import get_db
 from app.core.dependencies import get_client_ip, require_role
 from app.models.audit_log import AuditLog
-from app.models.hours_payout import HoursPayout
+from app.models.company import Company
+from app.models.hours_payout import HoursPayout, PayoutStatus
 from app.models.overtime_balance import OvertimeBalance
 from app.models.user import User, UserRole
-from app.schemas.hours_payout import HoursPayoutCreate, HoursPayoutListResponse, HoursPayoutOut
+from app.schemas.hours_payout import (
+    HoursPayoutCreate,
+    HoursPayoutListResponse,
+    HoursPayoutOut,
+    HoursPayoutReject,
+    HoursPayoutRequest,
+)
 
 router = APIRouter(tags=["Stunden-Auszahlung"])
 
@@ -20,17 +29,30 @@ _hr_roles = (UserRole.HR, UserRole.COMPANY_ADMIN, UserRole.SUPER_ADMIN)
 _all_roles = (UserRole.EMPLOYEE, UserRole.MANAGER, UserRole.HR, UserRole.COMPANY_ADMIN, UserRole.SUPER_ADMIN)
 
 
-def _build_out(payout: HoursPayout, user: User | None, creator: User | None) -> HoursPayoutOut:
+async def _build_out(payout: HoursPayout, db: AsyncSession) -> HoursPayoutOut:
     out = HoursPayoutOut.model_validate(payout)
-    out.user_name = (
-        f"{user.first_name} {user.last_name}" if user else str(payout.user_id)
-    )
-    out.created_by_name = (
-        f"{creator.first_name} {creator.last_name}" if creator else str(payout.created_by)
-    )
+    user = await db.get(User, payout.user_id)
+    creator = await db.get(User, payout.created_by)
+    out.user_name = f"{user.first_name} {user.last_name}" if user else str(payout.user_id)
+    out.created_by_name = f"{creator.first_name} {creator.last_name}" if creator else str(payout.created_by)
+    if payout.decided_by:
+        decider = await db.get(User, payout.decided_by)
+        out.decided_by_name = f"{decider.first_name} {decider.last_name}" if decider else str(payout.decided_by)
     return out
 
 
+async def _get_or_create_balance(user_id: UUID, company_id: UUID, db: AsyncSession) -> OvertimeBalance:
+    ob = await db.scalar(select(OvertimeBalance).where(OvertimeBalance.user_id == user_id))
+    if ob is None:
+        ob = OvertimeBalance(
+            user_id=user_id, company_id=company_id,
+            total_hours=Decimal("0"), taken_hours=Decimal("0"),
+        )
+        db.add(ob)
+        await db.flush()
+    return ob
+
+
 # ── GET /hr/payouts ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 @router.get("/hr/payouts", response_model=HoursPayoutListResponse)
@@ -38,13 +60,11 @@ async def list_payouts(
     user_id: UUID | None = Query(None),
     year: int | None = Query(None, ge=2000, le=2100),
     month: int | None = Query(None, ge=1, le=12),
+    status: str | None = Query(None),
     current_user: User = require_role(*_all_roles),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ):
-    """Alle Auszahlungen der eigenen Firma, optional gefiltert nach Mitarbeiter / Monat.
-    EMPLOYEE und MANAGER sehen ausschließlich ihre eigenen Auszahlungen.
-    """
-    # Employees und Manager sehen nur ihre eigenen Daten – Query-Param wird ignoriert
+    """Auszahlungen der eigenen Firma, optional gefiltert. EMPLOYEE/MANAGER sehen nur eigene."""
     if current_user.role not in _hr_roles:
         user_id = current_user.id
 
@@ -55,24 +75,18 @@ async def list_payouts(
         filters.append(HoursPayout.period_year == year)
     if month is not None:
         filters.append(HoursPayout.period_month == month)
+    if status is not None:
+        filters.append(HoursPayout.status == status)
 
-    total_count = await db.scalar(
-        select(func.count()).select_from(HoursPayout).where(*filters)
-    )
+    total_count = await db.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(HoursPayout).where(*filters))
     rows = list(await db.scalars(
         select(HoursPayout).where(*filters).order_by(HoursPayout.created_at.desc())
     ))
-
-    result: list[HoursPayoutOut] = []
-    for payout in rows:
-        user = await db.get(User, payout.user_id)
-        creator = await db.get(User, payout.created_by)
-        result.append(_build_out(payout, user, creator))
-
+    result = [await _build_out(p, db) for p in rows]
     return HoursPayoutListResponse(payouts=result, total_count=total_count or 0)
 
 
-# ── POST /hr/payouts ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# ── POST /hr/payouts (HR-Direktbuchung) ───────────────────────────────────────
 
 @router.post("/hr/payouts", response_model=HoursPayoutOut, status_code=201)
 async def create_payout(
@@ -81,36 +95,15 @@ async def create_payout(
     current_user: User = require_role(*_hr_roles),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ):
-    """Neue Auszahlung anlegen – reduziert sofort den Überstunden-Saldo."""
-    # Ziel-User prüfen
+    """HR bucht Auszahlung direkt (sofort genehmigt) – reduziert sofort den Saldo."""
     target = await db.get(User, data.user_id)
     if not target or target.company_id != current_user.company_id:
         raise HTTPException(404, "Mitarbeiter nicht gefunden")
 
-    # OvertimeBalance laden oder anlegen
-    ob = await db.scalar(
-        select(OvertimeBalance).where(OvertimeBalance.user_id == data.user_id)
-    )
-    if ob is None:
-        ob = OvertimeBalance(
-            user_id=data.user_id,
-            company_id=current_user.company_id,
-            total_hours=Decimal("0"),
-            taken_hours=Decimal("0"),
-        )
-        db.add(ob)
-        await db.flush()  # id erzeugen
-
-    # Warnung bei Überziehung (kein Hard-Block)
     hours = Decimal(str(data.hours))
-    if ob.available_hours < hours:
-        # Wir blockieren nicht – Auszahlung trotzdem buchen (wie FZA mit overdraft)
-        pass
+    ob = await _get_or_create_balance(data.user_id, current_user.company_id, db)
+    ob.taken_hours += hours  # Überziehung erlaubt (kein Hard-Block, wie FZA)
 
-    # Saldo anpassen
-    ob.taken_hours += hours
-
-    # Auszahlungs-Datensatz anlegen
     payout = HoursPayout(
         company_id=current_user.company_id,
         user_id=data.user_id,
@@ -118,36 +111,165 @@ async def create_payout(
         period_year=data.period_year,
         period_month=data.period_month,
         note=data.note,
+        status=PayoutStatus.APPROVED.value,
         created_by=current_user.id,
+        decided_by=current_user.id,
+        decided_at=datetime.utcnow(),
     )
     db.add(payout)
-    await db.flush()  # payout.id erzeugen
+    await db.flush()
 
-    # AuditLog
     db.add(AuditLog(
-        company_id=current_user.company_id,
-        user_id=current_user.id,
-        action="hours_payout_created",
-        entity_type="hours_payout",
-        entity_id=payout.id,
+        company_id=current_user.company_id, user_id=current_user.id,
+        action="hours_payout_created", entity_type="hours_payout", entity_id=payout.id,
         new_value={
-            "user_id": str(data.user_id),
-            "hours": str(hours),
-            "period_year": data.period_year,
-            "period_month": data.period_month,
-            "note": data.note,
+            "user_id": str(data.user_id), "hours": str(hours),
+            "period_year": data.period_year, "period_month": data.period_month, "note": data.note,
         },
         ip=get_client_ip(request),
     ))
-
     await db.commit()
     await db.refresh(payout)
-
-    creator = await db.get(User, payout.created_by)
-    return _build_out(payout, target, creator)
+    return await _build_out(payout, db)
 
 
-# ── DELETE /hr/payouts/{payout_id} ───────────────────────────────────────────
+# ── POST /hr/payouts/request (Mitarbeiter-Selbstbedienung) ────────────────────
+
+@router.post("/hr/payouts/request", response_model=HoursPayoutOut, status_code=201)
+async def request_payout(
+    request: Request,
+    data: HoursPayoutRequest,
+    current_user: User = require_role(*_all_roles),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    """Mitarbeiter beantragt Auszahlung eigener Überstunden. Saldo wird erst bei
+    Genehmigung durch HR abgezogen. Nur wenn Firma `payout_request_enabled` hat."""
+    company = await db.get(Company, current_user.company_id)
+    if not company or not company.payout_request_enabled:
+        raise HTTPException(403, "Auszahlungs-Anträge sind für diese Firma nicht aktiviert.")
+
+    hours = Decimal(str(data.hours))
+    payout = HoursPayout(
+        company_id=current_user.company_id,
+        user_id=current_user.id,
+        hours=hours,
+        period_year=data.period_year,
+        period_month=data.period_month,
+        note=data.note,
+        status=PayoutStatus.REQUESTED.value,
+        created_by=current_user.id,
+    )
+    db.add(payout)
+    await db.flush()
+
+    db.add(AuditLog(
+        company_id=current_user.company_id, user_id=current_user.id,
+        action="hours_payout_requested", entity_type="hours_payout", entity_id=payout.id,
+        new_value={"hours": str(hours), "note": data.note},
+        ip=get_client_ip(request),
+    ))
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(payout)
+    return await _build_out(payout, db)
+
+
+# ── POST /hr/payouts/{id}/approve ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@router.post("/hr/payouts/{payout_id}/approve", response_model=HoursPayoutOut)
+async def approve_payout(
+    payout_id: UUID,
+    request: Request,
+    current_user: User = require_role(*_hr_roles),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    """HR genehmigt einen Antrag – erst jetzt wird der Saldo abgezogen."""
+    payout = await db.get(HoursPayout, payout_id)
+    if payout is None or payout.company_id != current_user.company_id:
+        raise HTTPException(404, "Auszahlung nicht gefunden")
+    if payout.status != PayoutStatus.REQUESTED.value:
+        raise HTTPException(409, "Nur offene Anträge können genehmigt werden.")
+
+    ob = await _get_or_create_balance(payout.user_id, current_user.company_id, db)
+    ob.taken_hours += payout.hours
+
+    payout.status = PayoutStatus.APPROVED.value
+    payout.decided_by = current_user.id
+    payout.decided_at = datetime.utcnow()
+
+    db.add(AuditLog(
+        company_id=current_user.company_id, user_id=current_user.id,
+        action="hours_payout_approved", entity_type="hours_payout", entity_id=payout.id,
+        new_value={"hours": str(payout.hours), "user_id": str(payout.user_id)},
+        ip=get_client_ip(request),
+    ))
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(payout)
+    return await _build_out(payout, db)
+
+
+# ── POST /hr/payouts/{id}/reject ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+@router.post("/hr/payouts/{payout_id}/reject", response_model=HoursPayoutOut)
+async def reject_payout(
+    payout_id: UUID,
+    request: Request,
+    data: HoursPayoutReject,
+    current_user: User = require_role(*_hr_roles),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    """HR lehnt Antrag ab – kein Saldo-Abzug."""
+    payout = await db.get(HoursPayout, payout_id)
+    if payout is None or payout.company_id != current_user.company_id:
+        raise HTTPException(404, "Auszahlung nicht gefunden")
+    if payout.status != PayoutStatus.REQUESTED.value:
+        raise HTTPException(409, "Nur offene Anträge können abgelehnt werden.")
+
+    payout.status = PayoutStatus.REJECTED.value
+    payout.rejection_reason = data.rejection_reason
+    payout.decided_by = current_user.id
+    payout.decided_at = datetime.utcnow()
+
+    db.add(AuditLog(
+        company_id=current_user.company_id, user_id=current_user.id,
+        action="hours_payout_rejected", entity_type="hours_payout", entity_id=payout.id,
+        new_value={"rejection_reason": data.rejection_reason, "user_id": str(payout.user_id)},
+        ip=get_client_ip(request),
+    ))
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(payout)
+    return await _build_out(payout, db)
+
+
+# ── POST /hr/payouts/{id}/cancel (Antragsteller zieht zurück) ─────────────────
+
+@router.post("/hr/payouts/{payout_id}/cancel", response_model=HoursPayoutOut)
+async def cancel_payout(
+    payout_id: UUID,
+    request: Request,
+    current_user: User = require_role(*_all_roles),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+):
+    """Antragsteller zieht seinen offenen Antrag zurück."""
+    payout = await db.get(HoursPayout, payout_id)
+    if payout is None or payout.company_id != current_user.company_id:
+        raise HTTPException(404, "Auszahlung nicht gefunden")
+    if payout.user_id != current_user.id:
+        raise HTTPException(403, "Nur der eigene Antrag kann zurückgezogen werden.")
+    if payout.status != PayoutStatus.REQUESTED.value:
+        raise HTTPException(409, "Nur offene Anträge können zurückgezogen werden.")
+
+    payout.status = PayoutStatus.CANCELLED.value
+    db.add(AuditLog(
+        company_id=current_user.company_id, user_id=current_user.id,
+        action="hours_payout_cancelled", entity_type="hours_payout", entity_id=payout.id,
+        ip=get_client_ip(request),
+    ))
+    await db.commit()
+    await db.refresh(payout)
+    return await _build_out(payout, db)
+
+
+# ── DELETE /hr/payouts/{id} ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 @router.delete("/hr/payouts/{payout_id}", status_code=204)
 async def delete_payout(
@@ -156,34 +278,26 @@ async def delete_payout(
     current_user: User = require_role(*_hr_roles),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ):
-    """Auszahlung stornieren – stellt die Stunden in den Überstunden-Saldo zurück."""
+    """Auszahlung stornieren – bei genehmigten Buchungen werden die Stunden zurückgebucht."""
     payout = await db.get(HoursPayout, payout_id)
     if payout is None or payout.company_id != current_user.company_id:
         raise HTTPException(404, "Auszahlung nicht gefunden")
 
-    # OvertimeBalance laden und Stunden zurückbuchen
-    ob = await db.scalar(
-        select(OvertimeBalance).where(OvertimeBalance.user_id == payout.user_id)
-    )
-    if ob is not None:
-        ob.taken_hours = max(Decimal("0"), ob.taken_hours - payout.hours)
+    # Nur genehmigte/gebuchte Auszahlungen haben den Saldo belastet → zurückbuchen
+    if payout.status == PayoutStatus.APPROVED.value:
+        ob = await db.scalar(select(OvertimeBalance).where(OvertimeBalance.user_id == payout.user_id))
+        if ob is not None:
+            ob.taken_hours = max(Decimal("0"), ob.taken_hours - payout.hours)
 
-    # AuditLog
     db.add(AuditLog(
-        company_id=current_user.company_id,
-        user_id=current_user.id,
-        action="hours_payout_deleted",
-        entity_type="hours_payout",
-        entity_id=payout.id,
+        company_id=current_user.company_id, user_id=current_user.id,
+        action="hours_payout_deleted", entity_type="hours_payout", entity_id=payout.id,
         old_value={
-            "user_id": str(payout.user_id),
-            "hours": str(payout.hours),
-            "period_year": payout.period_year,
-            "period_month": payout.period_month,
-            "note": payout.note,
+            "user_id": str(payout.user_id), "hours": str(payout.hours),
+            "status": payout.status,
+            "period_year": payout.period_year, "period_month": payout.period_month, "note": payout.note,
         },
         ip=get_client_ip(request),
     ))
-
     await db.delete(payout)
     await db.commit()

backend/app/schemas/company.py

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ class CompanyOut(BaseModel):
     overtime_expiry_month: int = 3
     overtime_expiry_day: int = 31
     overtime_max_carryover_hours: int | None = None
+    payout_request_enabled: bool = False
     kiosk_require_approval: bool = True
     kiosk_track_current_user: bool = True
     kiosk_heartbeat_interval_sec: int = 30
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ class CompanyUpdate(BaseModel):
     overtime_expiry_month: int | None = Field(None, ge=1, le=12)
     overtime_expiry_day: int | None = Field(None, ge=1, le=31)
     overtime_max_carryover_hours: int | None = Field(None, ge=0, le=9999)
+    payout_request_enabled: bool | None = None
     kiosk_require_approval: bool | None = None
     kiosk_track_current_user: bool | None = None
     kiosk_heartbeat_interval_sec: int | None = Field(None, ge=10, le=120)

backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py

@@ -12,6 +12,18 @@ class HoursPayoutCreate(BaseModel):
     note: str | None = Field(None, max_length=500)
 
 
+class HoursPayoutRequest(BaseModel):
+    """Mitarbeiter beantragt Auszahlung eigener Überstunden (kein user_id – immer self)."""
+    hours: Decimal = Field(gt=0, le=999.99, decimal_places=2)
+    period_year: int | None = Field(None, ge=2000, le=2100)
+    period_month: int | None = Field(None, ge=1, le=12)
+    note: str | None = Field(None, max_length=500)
+
+
+class HoursPayoutReject(BaseModel):
+    rejection_reason: str | None = Field(None, max_length=500)
+
+
 class HoursPayoutOut(BaseModel):
     model_config = {"from_attributes": True}
 
@@ -23,8 +35,13 @@ class HoursPayoutOut(BaseModel):
     period_year: int | None
     period_month: int | None
     note: str | None
+    status: str = "approved"
+    rejection_reason: str | None = None
     created_by: uuid.UUID
     created_by_name: str = ""    # Computed im Router
+    decided_by: uuid.UUID | None = None
+    decided_by_name: str = ""    # Computed im Router
+    decided_at: datetime | None = None
     created_at: datetime
 
 

backend/migrations/versions/0042_payout_requests.py

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+"""Auszahlungs-Anträge: Status + Genehmigungs-Metadaten + Firmen-Opt-in
+
+Revision ID: 0042
+Revises: 0041
+Create Date: 2026-07-08
+
+Erweitert hours_payouts um einen Genehmigungs-Workflow: Mitarbeiter beantragt eine
+Überstunden-Auszahlung (status='requested'), HR genehmigt/lehnt ab. Bestehende Zeilen
+und HR-Direktbuchungen sind 'approved'. companies.payout_request_enabled schaltet die
+Selbstbedienung pro Firma frei (Default aus → nur HR-Direktbuchung wie bisher).
+
+Keine RLS-Änderung nötig: nur neue Spalten auf bereits gefencten Tabellen
+(hours_payouts-Policy seit 0039, companies-Policy vorhanden) → conftest unverändert.
+"""
+from alembic import op
+
+revision = "0042"
+down_revision = "0041"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS status VARCHAR(12) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'approved'")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS decided_by UUID REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE SET NULL")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS decided_at TIMESTAMPTZ")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS rejection_reason TEXT")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE companies ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS payout_request_enabled BOOLEAN NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE")
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE companies DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS payout_request_enabled")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS rejection_reason")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS decided_at")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS decided_by")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE hours_payouts DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS status")

backend/tests/test_hours_payouts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+"""Tests für Auszahlungs-Anträge mit Genehmigung (router/hours_payouts.py)."""
+import pytest
+import pytest_asyncio
+from httpx import AsyncClient
+
+
+@pytest_asyncio.fixture(scope="session", loop_scope="session")
+async def payout_headers(client: AsyncClient):
+    resp = await client.post("/api/v1/auth/register", json={
+        "company_name": "Payout GmbH",
+        "first_name": "Paul",
+        "last_name": "Out",
+        "email": "admin@payoutgmbh.de",
+        "password": "Secret123",
+    })
+    assert resp.status_code == 201, resp.text
+    return {"Authorization": f"Bearer {resp.json()['access_token']}"}
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="session")
+async def test_request_disabled_by_default(client: AsyncClient, payout_headers):
+    r = await client.post("/api/v1/hr/payouts/request",
+                          json={"hours": 4}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert r.status_code == 403
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="session")
+async def test_enable_and_request_approve(client: AsyncClient, payout_headers):
+    # Firma schaltet Selbstbedienung frei
+    up = await client.patch("/api/v1/companies/me",
+                            json={"payout_request_enabled": True}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert up.status_code == 200, up.text
+    assert up.json()["payout_request_enabled"] is True
+
+    # Antrag stellen – Status requested, kein Saldo-Abzug
+    r = await client.post("/api/v1/hr/payouts/request",
+                          json={"hours": 5, "note": "Bitte auszahlen"}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert r.status_code == 201, r.text
+    pid = r.json()["id"]
+    assert r.json()["status"] == "requested"
+
+    bal = await client.get("/api/v1/absences/overtime-balance", headers=payout_headers)
+    assert float(bal.json()["taken_hours"]) == 0.0
+
+    # HR genehmigt – jetzt Saldo-Abzug
+    ap = await client.post(f"/api/v1/hr/payouts/{pid}/approve", json={}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert ap.status_code == 200, ap.text
+    assert ap.json()["status"] == "approved"
+
+    bal2 = await client.get("/api/v1/absences/overtime-balance", headers=payout_headers)
+    assert float(bal2.json()["taken_hours"]) == 5.0
+
+    # Erneutes Genehmigen scheitert
+    ap2 = await client.post(f"/api/v1/hr/payouts/{pid}/approve", json={}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert ap2.status_code == 409
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="session")
+async def test_reject_no_deduction(client: AsyncClient, payout_headers):
+    r = await client.post("/api/v1/hr/payouts/request",
+                          json={"hours": 3}, headers=payout_headers)
+    pid = r.json()["id"]
+    before = float((await client.get("/api/v1/absences/overtime-balance",
+                                     headers=payout_headers)).json()["taken_hours"])
+
+    rej = await client.post(f"/api/v1/hr/payouts/{pid}/reject",
+                            json={"rejection_reason": "kein Budget"}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert rej.status_code == 200
+    assert rej.json()["status"] == "rejected"
+    assert rej.json()["rejection_reason"] == "kein Budget"
+
+    after = float((await client.get("/api/v1/absences/overtime-balance",
+                                    headers=payout_headers)).json()["taken_hours"])
+    assert after == before  # kein Abzug bei Ablehnung
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio(loop_scope="session")
+async def test_cancel_own_request(client: AsyncClient, payout_headers):
+    r = await client.post("/api/v1/hr/payouts/request",
+                          json={"hours": 2}, headers=payout_headers)
+    pid = r.json()["id"]
+    c = await client.post(f"/api/v1/hr/payouts/{pid}/cancel", json={}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert c.status_code == 200
+    assert c.json()["status"] == "cancelled"
+    # Genehmigen eines zurückgezogenen Antrags scheitert
+    ap = await client.post(f"/api/v1/hr/payouts/{pid}/approve", json={}, headers=payout_headers)
+    assert ap.status_code == 409

frontend/DEVLOG.md

@@ -620,3 +620,42 @@ Keine Commits in dieser Session.
 - backend/app/routers/public_stamp.py | 11 +++++++++--
 
 ---
+## 2026-06-23 21:42 – 21:51 (8m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/models/user.py                             |  3 +++
+- backend/app/routers/users.py                           | 12 ++++++++++++
+- backend/app/schemas/user.py                            |  1 +
+- backend/app/services/user_service.py                   | 48 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/migrations/versions/0040_user_anonymization.py | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++
+- backend/tests/test_users.py                            | 35 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+- frontend/src/pages/UsersPage.tsx                       | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 15:05 – 15:31 (25m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** timemaster
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---
+## 2026-07-08 15:31 – 15:33 (1m)
+**Beschreibung:** Claude Code Session
+**Projekt:** frontend
+
+### Commits
+Keine Commits in dieser Session.
+
+### Geänderte Dateien
+- backend/app/schemas/hours_payout.py | 4 ++--
+
+---

frontend/src/components/PayoutRequestCard.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { api } from '../api/client'
+import type { HoursPayoutOut, HoursPayoutListResponse } from '../types/hoursPayout'
+
+const MONTH_NAMES = [
+  'Januar', 'Februar', 'März', 'April', 'Mai', 'Juni',
+  'Juli', 'August', 'September', 'Oktober', 'November', 'Dezember',
+]
+
+const STATUS_BADGE: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
+  requested: { label: 'Beantragt', cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
+  approved: { label: 'Genehmigt', cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
+  rejected: { label: 'Abgelehnt', cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
+  cancelled: { label: 'Zurückgezogen', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500' },
+}
+
+function formatPeriod(year: number | null, month: number | null): string {
+  if (!year) return ''
+  if (!month) return String(year)
+  return `${MONTH_NAMES[month - 1]} ${year}`
+}
+
+const inputClass = 'w-full border border-gray-300 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-purple-400 focus:border-transparent'
+
+/**
+ * Selbstbedienung: Mitarbeiter beantragt Auszahlung eigener Überstunden.
+ * Rendert nur, wenn die Firma `payout_request_enabled` gesetzt hat.
+ */
+export function PayoutRequestCard({ availableHours }: { availableHours: number }) {
+  const [enabled, setEnabled] = useState<boolean | null>(null)
+  const [rows, setRows] = useState<HoursPayoutOut[]>([])
+  const [open, setOpen] = useState(false)
+  const [hours, setHours] = useState<number>(4)
+  const [note, setNote] = useState('')
+  const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false)
+  const [err, setErr] = useState('')
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    api.get<{ payout_request_enabled: boolean }>('/companies/me')
+      .then(c => setEnabled(!!c.payout_request_enabled))
+      .catch(() => setEnabled(false))
+  }, [])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (enabled) load()
+    // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+  }, [enabled])
+
+  async function load() {
+    try {
+      const data = await api.get<HoursPayoutListResponse>('/hr/payouts')
+      setRows(data.payouts)
+    } catch { /* ignore */ }
+  }
+
+  async function submit() {
+    if (!hours || hours <= 0) { setErr('Stunden müssen größer als 0 sein.'); return }
+    setSaving(true); setErr('')
+    try {
+      await api.post<HoursPayoutOut>('/hr/payouts/request', {
+        hours, period_year: null, period_month: null, note: note.trim() || null,
+      })
+      setOpen(false); setNote(''); setHours(4)
+      await load()
+    } catch (e: unknown) {
+      setErr(e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Fehler beim Beantragen')
+    } finally { setSaving(false) }
+  }
+
+  async function cancel(id: string) {
+    if (!confirm('Antrag zurückziehen?')) return
+    try {
+      const updated = await api.post<HoursPayoutOut>(`/hr/payouts/${id}/cancel`, {})
+      setRows(prev => prev.map(p => (p.id === id ? updated : p)))
+    } catch (e: unknown) {
+      alert(e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Fehler')
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!enabled) return null
+
+  const overBudget = hours > availableHours
+
+  return (
+    <div className='bg-white rounded-xl shadow-sm border border-gray-200 p-5'>
+      <div className='flex items-center justify-between mb-3'>
+        <h2 className='text-sm font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide'>Auszahlungs-Anträge</h2>
+        <button
+          onClick={() => { setOpen(o => !o); setErr('') }}
+          className='px-3 py-1.5 bg-purple-600 text-white text-xs font-semibold rounded-lg hover:bg-purple-700'
+        >
+          {open ? 'Abbrechen' : '💸 Auszahlung beantragen'}
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      {open && (
+        <div className='border border-gray-200 rounded-lg p-4 mb-4 space-y-3'>
+          <label className='block'>
+            <span className='text-xs font-medium text-gray-700'>Stunden *</span>
+            <input type='number' min='0.25' max='999' step='0.25' value={hours}
+              onChange={e => setHours(parseFloat(e.target.value))} className={inputClass} />
+          </label>
+          {overBudget && (
+            <p className='text-xs text-orange-600'>⚠️ Überschreitet dein verfügbares Guthaben ({availableHours.toFixed(1)} h) – Antrag ist trotzdem möglich.</p>
+          )}
+          <label className='block'>
+            <span className='text-xs font-medium text-gray-700'>Notiz</span>
+            <textarea value={note} onChange={e => setNote(e.target.value)} maxLength={500} rows={2}
+              placeholder='Optional…' className={inputClass + ' resize-none'} />
+          </label>
+          {err && <p className='text-sm text-red-600'>{err}</p>}
+          <div className='flex justify-end'>
+            <button onClick={submit} disabled={saving}
+              className='px-4 py-2 text-sm font-semibold text-white bg-purple-600 rounded-lg hover:bg-purple-700 disabled:opacity-50'>
+              {saving ? 'Sende…' : 'Antrag stellen'}
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {rows.length === 0 ? (
+        <p className='text-sm text-gray-400'>Noch keine Auszahlungs-Anträge.</p>
+      ) : (
+        <div className='divide-y divide-gray-100'>
+          {rows.map(p => {
+            const b = STATUS_BADGE[p.status] ?? { label: p.status, cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500' }
+            const period = formatPeriod(p.period_year, p.period_month)
+            return (
+              <div key={p.id} className='flex items-center justify-between py-2 text-sm'>
+                <div>
+                  <span className='font-semibold text-gray-800'>{Number(p.hours).toFixed(2)} h</span>
+                  {period && <span className='text-gray-400 ml-2'>{period}</span>}
+                  {p.status === 'rejected' && p.rejection_reason && (
+                    <span className='text-gray-400 ml-2 italic'>– {p.rejection_reason}</span>
+                  )}
+                </div>
+                <div className='flex items-center gap-3'>
+                  <span className={`inline-block px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${b.cls}`}>{b.label}</span>
+                  {p.status === 'requested' && (
+                    <button onClick={() => cancel(p.id)} className='text-xs text-red-500 hover:underline'>Zurückziehen</button>
+                  )}
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            )
+          })}
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}

frontend/src/pages/AbsencesPage.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   MONTHS, MONTHS_SHORT, STATUS_LABELS, STATUS_COLORS, MANAGER_ROLES,
 } from '../utils/calendar'
 import { useAbsences } from '../hooks/useAbsences'
+import { PayoutRequestCard } from '../components/PayoutRequestCard'
 import { usePlanerView } from '../hooks/usePlanerView'
 import {
   BalanceEditModal,
@@ -395,6 +396,8 @@ export function AbsencesPage() {
             </div>
           )}
 
+          <PayoutRequestCard availableHours={overtimeBalance?.available_hours ?? 0} />
+
           <div className='flex gap-2 flex-wrap'>
             {[['', 'Alle'], ['pending', 'Ausstehend'], ['approved', 'Genehmigt'], ['rejected', 'Abgelehnt']].map(([val, label]) => (
               <button key={val} onClick={() => { setStatusFilter(val); if (val) setSearchParams({ status: val }); else setSearchParams({}) }}

frontend/src/pages/CompanySettingsPage.tsx

@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ export function CompanySettingsPage() {
   // Freizeitausgleich
   const [fzaOverdraftAllowed, setFzaOverdraftAllowed] = useState(true)
   const [fzaWarningThreshold, setFzaWarningThreshold] = useState(0)
+  // Auszahlungs-Anträge (Mitarbeiter-Selbstbedienung)
+  const [payoutRequestEnabled, setPayoutRequestEnabled] = useState(false)
   // Überstunden-Kappung
   const [overtimeCapEnabled, setOvertimeCapEnabled] = useState(false)
   const [overtimeCapHours, setOvertimeCapHours] = useState(150)
@@ -100,10 +102,11 @@ export function CompanySettingsPage() {
       setPnRequired(c.personnel_number_required ?? false)
       setPnMode(c.personnel_number_mode ?? 'manual')
       setPnNext(c.personnel_number_next ?? 1)
-      const cc = c as CompanyOut & { mobile_stamping_enabled?: boolean; overtime_overdraft_allowed?: boolean; overtime_warning_threshold_hours?: number; kiosk_require_approval?: boolean; kiosk_track_current_user?: boolean; kiosk_heartbeat_interval_sec?: number; overtime_cap_hours?: number | null; overtime_expiry_enabled?: boolean; overtime_expiry_month?: number; overtime_expiry_day?: number; overtime_max_carryover_hours?: number | null }
+      const cc = c as CompanyOut & { mobile_stamping_enabled?: boolean; overtime_overdraft_allowed?: boolean; overtime_warning_threshold_hours?: number; kiosk_require_approval?: boolean; kiosk_track_current_user?: boolean; kiosk_heartbeat_interval_sec?: number; overtime_cap_hours?: number | null; overtime_expiry_enabled?: boolean; overtime_expiry_month?: number; overtime_expiry_day?: number; overtime_max_carryover_hours?: number | null; payout_request_enabled?: boolean }
       setMobileStamping(cc.mobile_stamping_enabled ?? true)
       setFzaOverdraftAllowed(cc.overtime_overdraft_allowed ?? true)
       setFzaWarningThreshold(cc.overtime_warning_threshold_hours ?? 0)
+      setPayoutRequestEnabled(cc.payout_request_enabled ?? false)
       setKioskRequireApproval(cc.kiosk_require_approval ?? true)
       setKioskTrackCurrentUser(cc.kiosk_track_current_user ?? true)
       setKioskHeartbeatIntervalSec(cc.kiosk_heartbeat_interval_sec ?? 30)
@@ -194,6 +197,7 @@ export function CompanySettingsPage() {
         two_stage_min_days: twoStageMinDays,
         overtime_overdraft_allowed: fzaOverdraftAllowed,
         overtime_warning_threshold_hours: fzaWarningThreshold,
+        payout_request_enabled: payoutRequestEnabled,
         kiosk_require_approval: kioskRequireApproval,
         kiosk_track_current_user: kioskTrackCurrentUser,
         kiosk_heartbeat_interval_sec: kioskHeartbeatIntervalSec,
@@ -797,6 +801,31 @@ export function CompanySettingsPage() {
               className="w-20 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-sm text-right disabled:bg-gray-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
             />
           </div>
+
+          {/* Auszahlungs-Anträge durch Mitarbeiter */}
+          <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
+            <div>
+              <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-800">Auszahlungs-Anträge durch Mitarbeiter</p>
+              <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-0.5">
+                Mitarbeiter können Überstunden-Auszahlungen selbst beantragen; HR genehmigt oder lehnt ab.
+                Wenn deaktiviert, bucht nur HR direkt.
+              </p>
+            </div>
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              disabled={!isAdmin}
+              onClick={() => setPayoutRequestEnabled(v => !v)}
+              className={`relative inline-flex h-6 w-11 flex-shrink-0 rounded-full border-2 border-transparent transition-colors duration-200 focus:outline-none disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed ${
+                payoutRequestEnabled ? 'bg-blue-600' : 'bg-gray-300'
+              }`}
+            >
+              <span
+                className={`pointer-events-none inline-block h-5 w-5 rounded-full bg-white shadow transform transition-transform duration-200 ${
+                  payoutRequestEnabled ? 'translate-x-5' : 'translate-x-0'
+                }`}
+              />
+            </button>
+          </div>
         </div>
 
         {/* Überstunden-Konto-Regeln */}

frontend/src/pages/HoursPayoutPage.tsx

@@ -40,6 +40,18 @@ function formatPeriod(year: number | null, month: number | null): string {
   return `${MONTH_NAMES[month - 1]} ${year}`
 }
 
+const STATUS_BADGE: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
+  requested: { label: 'Beantragt', cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
+  approved: { label: 'Genehmigt', cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
+  rejected: { label: 'Abgelehnt', cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
+  cancelled: { label: 'Zurückgezogen', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500' },
+}
+
+function StatusBadge({ status }: { status: string }) {
+  const b = STATUS_BADGE[status] ?? { label: status, cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500' }
+  return <span className={`inline-block px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${b.cls}`}>{b.label}</span>
+}
+
 export function HoursPayoutPage() {
   const [me, setMe] = useState<Me | null>(null)
   const [users, setUsers] = useState<UserItem[]>([])
@@ -195,6 +207,29 @@ export function HoursPayoutPage() {
     }
   }
 
+  async function handleApprove(payout: HoursPayoutOut) {
+    if (!confirm(`Auszahlung über ${Number(payout.hours).toFixed(2)} h für ${payout.user_name} genehmigen? Der Saldo wird abgezogen.`)) return
+    try {
+      const updated = await api.post<HoursPayoutOut>(`/hr/payouts/${payout.id}/approve`, {})
+      setPayouts(prev => prev.map(p => (p.id === payout.id ? updated : p)))
+    } catch (e: unknown) {
+      alert(e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Fehler beim Genehmigen')
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function handleReject(payout: HoursPayoutOut) {
+    const reason = prompt('Grund der Ablehnung (optional):')
+    if (reason === null) return  // Abbrechen
+    try {
+      const updated = await api.post<HoursPayoutOut>(`/hr/payouts/${payout.id}/reject`, {
+        rejection_reason: reason.trim() || null,
+      })
+      setPayouts(prev => prev.map(p => (p.id === payout.id ? updated : p)))
+    } catch (e: unknown) {
+      alert(e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Fehler beim Ablehnen')
+    }
+  }
+
   if (pageLoading) return (
     <div className='min-h-screen bg-gray-50 flex items-center justify-center'><Spinner /></div>
   )
@@ -286,7 +321,7 @@ export function HoursPayoutPage() {
                 <table className='w-full text-sm'>
                   <thead className='bg-gray-50 text-gray-500 text-xs uppercase'>
                     <tr>
-                      {['Mitarbeiter', 'Stunden', 'Abrechnungsmonat', 'Notiz', 'Angelegt von', 'Datum', 'Aktion'].map(h => (
+                      {['Mitarbeiter', 'Stunden', 'Status', 'Abrechnungsmonat', 'Notiz', 'Angelegt von', 'Datum', 'Aktion'].map(h => (
                         <th key={h} className='px-4 py-3 text-left font-medium'>{h}</th>
                       ))}
                     </tr>
@@ -300,6 +335,14 @@ export function HoursPayoutPage() {
                             {Number(payout.hours).toFixed(2)} h
                           </span>
                         </td>
+                        <td className='px-4 py-3'>
+                          <StatusBadge status={payout.status} />
+                          {payout.status === 'rejected' && payout.rejection_reason && (
+                            <div className='text-xs text-gray-400 mt-0.5 max-w-[10rem] truncate' title={payout.rejection_reason}>
+                              {payout.rejection_reason}
+                            </div>
+                          )}
+                        </td>
                         <td className='px-4 py-3 text-gray-600'>
                           {formatPeriod(payout.period_year, payout.period_month)}
                         </td>
@@ -313,19 +356,40 @@ export function HoursPayoutPage() {
                           })}
                         </td>
                         <td className='px-4 py-3'>
-                          <button
-                            onClick={() => handleDelete(payout)}
-                            className='text-xs text-red-500 hover:underline'
-                            title='Stornieren'
-                          >
-                            🗑️ Stornieren
-                          </button>
+                          {payout.status === 'requested' ? (
+                            <div className='flex gap-2'>
+                              <button
+                                onClick={() => handleApprove(payout)}
+                                className='text-xs text-green-600 hover:underline font-medium'
+                                title='Genehmigen'
+                              >
+                                ✓ Genehmigen
+                              </button>
+                              <button
+                                onClick={() => handleReject(payout)}
+                                className='text-xs text-red-500 hover:underline'
+                                title='Ablehnen'
+                              >
+                                ✗ Ablehnen
+                              </button>
+                            </div>
+                          ) : payout.status === 'approved' ? (
+                            <button
+                              onClick={() => handleDelete(payout)}
+                              className='text-xs text-red-500 hover:underline'
+                              title='Stornieren'
+                            >
+                              🗑️ Stornieren
+                            </button>
+                          ) : (
+                            <span className='text-xs text-gray-300'>—</span>
+                          )}
                         </td>
                       </tr>
                     ))}
                     {payouts.length === 0 && (
                       <tr>
-                        <td colSpan={7} className='px-4 py-10 text-center text-gray-400'>
+                        <td colSpan={8} className='px-4 py-10 text-center text-gray-400'>
                           Keine Auszahlungen gefunden.
                         </td>
                       </tr>

frontend/src/types/hoursPayout.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export interface HoursPayoutCreate {
   note?: string | null
 }
 
+export type PayoutStatus = 'requested' | 'approved' | 'rejected' | 'cancelled'
+
 export interface HoursPayoutOut {
   id: string
   company_id: string
@@ -15,8 +17,13 @@ export interface HoursPayoutOut {
   period_year: number | null
   period_month: number | null
   note: string | null
+  status: PayoutStatus
+  rejection_reason: string | null
   created_by: string
   created_by_name: string
+  decided_by: string | null
+  decided_by_name: string
+  decided_at: string | null
   created_at: string
 }