feat(PROJ-46): E-Mail als primärer Login-Identifier für Tenant-User

Tenant-User (tenant_id IS NOT NULL) melden sich künftig per E-Mail an statt
per Username — behebt Verwechslungen wie im Support-Fall vom 2026-06-13
(Login schlug trotz Passwort-Reset fehl, weil E-Mail statt Username
verwendet wurde). Nicht-Tenant-User (Superadmin/System) können weiterhin
Username ODER E-Mail nutzen.

Neue Store.VerifyLogin() prüft erst per E-Mail (alle User), fällt dann auf
Username zurück (nur tenant_id IS NULL). VerifyPassword() bleibt für den
IMAP-Server-Login-Pfad (PROJ-26) unverändert. Bewusster Breaking Change für
Tenant-User, Datenqualität vorab geprüft (0 Kollisionen).

Security-Nachtrag: bcrypt-Dummy-Compare im "user not found"-Pfad ergänzt,
um Timing-basierte Identifier-Enumeration zu verhindern.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

internal/userstore/userstore.go

@@ -20,6 +20,13 @@ const (
 	RoleSuperAdmin   = "superadmin"
 
 	bcryptCost = 12
+
+	// dummyBcryptHash is used by VerifyLogin to burn bcrypt time when no user
+	// matched, closing the timing side-channel that would otherwise let an
+	// attacker distinguish "unknown identifier" from "wrong password" (PROJ-46
+	// security review). Precomputed hash of a fixed placeholder string — the
+	// plaintext is never used or compared meaningfully, only the cost matters.
+	dummyBcryptHash = "$2a$12$C6UzMDM.H6dfI/f/IKcEeO4TW/OZ/6PdTdSU0/eV1JCJXo.0DGvTa"
 )
 
 // User represents a user account in the system.
@@ -284,6 +291,59 @@ func (s *Store) VerifyPassword(username, password string) (*User, error) {
 	return &u, nil
 }
 
+// VerifyLogin checks credentials for the web-login path (PROJ-46) and returns
+// the user on success. Lookup semantics:
+//   1. Match by email (`email = $1`) — valid for ALL users (tenant users AND
+//      non-tenant users like superadmin/system).
+//   2. If no email match, fall back to username (`username = $1`) — but ONLY
+//      accept the match when tenant_id IS NULL (superadmin/system users).
+//      Tenant users (tenant_id IS NOT NULL) can therefore no longer log in via
+//      their username; they must use their email address.
+//
+// Note: VerifyPassword (username-only) is intentionally left untouched — it is
+// used by the IMAP server login path (PROJ-26).
+func (s *Store) VerifyLogin(ctx context.Context, identifier, password string) (*User, error) {
+	// 1. Email lookup — matches any user.
+	row := s.pool.QueryRow(ctx,
+		`SELECT id, username, email, role, source, active, created_at, tenant_id, totp_enabled, totp_reset_at, totp_reset_by, list_page_size, password_hash
+		 FROM users WHERE email = $1`,
+		identifier,
+	)
+	u, hash, err := scanUserWithHash(row)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(err, pgx.ErrNoRows) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("userstore: verify login (email): %w", err)
+		}
+		// 2. Username lookup — only accepted for non-tenant users (tenant_id IS NULL).
+		row = s.pool.QueryRow(ctx,
+			`SELECT id, username, email, role, source, active, created_at, tenant_id, totp_enabled, totp_reset_at, totp_reset_by, list_page_size, password_hash
+			 FROM users WHERE username = $1 AND tenant_id IS NULL`,
+			identifier,
+		)
+		u, hash, err = scanUserWithHash(row)
+		if errors.Is(err, pgx.ErrNoRows) {
+			// PROJ-46 security review: run bcrypt against a dummy hash even when no
+			// user was found, so "unknown identifier" and "wrong password" take
+			// comparable time. Without this, the missing bcrypt call (~150-300ms
+			// cheaper) lets an attacker enumerate valid identifiers by timing the
+			// login endpoint.
+			_ = bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(dummyBcryptHash), []byte(password))
+			return nil, errors.New("userstore: user not found")
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("userstore: verify login (username): %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if !u.Active {
+		return nil, errors.New("userstore: account disabled")
+	}
+	if err := bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(hash), []byte(password)); err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("userstore: wrong password")
+	}
+	return u, nil
+}
+
 // Update applies a partial update to a user record.
 func (s *Store) Update(id int64, req UpdateUserRequest) (*User, error) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
@@ -517,6 +577,19 @@ func scanUser(row pgx.Row) (*User, error) {
 	return &u, nil
 }
 
+// scanUserWithHash scans a full user row that includes the password_hash column
+// (used by the login verification paths). The pgx.ErrNoRows sentinel is passed
+// through unwrapped so callers can distinguish "not found" from other errors.
+func scanUserWithHash(row pgx.Row) (*User, string, error) {
+	var u User
+	var hash string
+	err := row.Scan(&u.ID, &u.Username, &u.Email, &u.Role, &u.Source, &u.Active, &u.CreatedAt, &u.TenantID, &u.TOTPEnabled, &u.TOTPResetAt, &u.TOTPResetBy, &u.ListPageSize, &hash)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", err
+	}
+	return &u, hash, nil
+}
+
 func scanUserRow(rows pgx.Rows) (*User, error) {
 	var u User
 	if err := rows.Scan(&u.ID, &u.Username, &u.Email, &u.Role, &u.Source, &u.Active, &u.CreatedAt, &u.TenantID, &u.TOTPEnabled, &u.TOTPResetAt, &u.TOTPResetBy, &u.ListPageSize); err != nil {

internal/userstore/userstore_test.go

@@ -116,6 +116,74 @@ func TestVerifyPassword(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestVerifyLogin covers the full PROJ-46 login-identifier matrix.
+func TestVerifyLogin(t *testing.T) {
+	s := newTestStore(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	tenantID := int64(1)
+
+	// Tenant user: username "patrick" != email
+	if _, err := s.Create(userstore.CreateUserRequest{
+		Username: "patrick", Email: "patrick@perlbach24.de",
+		Password: "pw-tenant", Role: userstore.RoleUser, TenantID: &tenantID,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	// Non-tenant user (superadmin/system), tenant_id IS NULL
+	if _, err := s.Create(userstore.CreateUserRequest{
+		Username: "superadmin", Email: "superadmin@localhost",
+		Password: "pw-super", Role: userstore.RoleSuperAdmin, TenantID: nil,
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// 1. Tenant user via email → success
+	u, err := s.VerifyLogin(ctx, "patrick@perlbach24.de", "pw-tenant")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("tenant user via email should succeed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if u.Username != "patrick" {
+		t.Errorf("Username = %q, want patrick", u.Username)
+	}
+
+	// 2. Tenant user via username (≠ email) → invalid_credentials
+	if _, err := s.VerifyLogin(ctx, "patrick", "pw-tenant"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("tenant user via username should be rejected")
+	}
+
+	// 3. Non-tenant user via username → success
+	u, err = s.VerifyLogin(ctx, "superadmin", "pw-super")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("non-tenant user via username should succeed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if u.Username != "superadmin" {
+		t.Errorf("Username = %q, want superadmin", u.Username)
+	}
+
+	// 4. Non-tenant user via email → success
+	u, err = s.VerifyLogin(ctx, "superadmin@localhost", "pw-super")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("non-tenant user via email should succeed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if u.Username != "superadmin" {
+		t.Errorf("Username = %q, want superadmin", u.Username)
+	}
+
+	// 5. Unknown identifier → invalid_credentials
+	if _, err := s.VerifyLogin(ctx, "ghost@nowhere.tld", "x"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("unknown identifier should be rejected")
+	}
+	if _, err := s.VerifyLogin(ctx, "ghost", "x"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("unknown username should be rejected")
+	}
+
+	// Wrong password for valid identifier → rejected
+	if _, err := s.VerifyLogin(ctx, "patrick@perlbach24.de", "wrong"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("wrong password should be rejected")
+	}
+}
+
 func TestUpdateUser(t *testing.T) {
 	s := newTestStore(t)
 	u, _ := s.Create(userstore.CreateUserRequest{